Search results for "Colore"
showing 10 items of 1250 documents
Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as early predictors of anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery: a prospective observational study.
2013
Although the early diagnosis of anastomotic leak is a key point in reducing its clinical consequences, in daily practice, anastomotic leak diagnosis is often late.The aim of this study was to determine whether procalcitonin and C-reactive protein are good predictors of anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery.This is a prospective observational study.This study was conducted by a specialized colorectal multidisciplinary team of a tertiary teaching hospital.A series of 205 consecutive patients who underwent elective colorectal surgery in a specialized unit was prospectively analyzed. The following data were collected: demographic, surgical, ASA class, POSSUM, and morbidity. During the first 5 …
MS4A12 is a colon-selective store-operated calcium channel promoting malignant cell processes.
2008
AbstractUsing a data mining approach for the discovery of new targets for antibody therapy of colon cancer, we identified MS4A12, a sequence homologue of CD20. We show that MS4A12 is a cell surface protein. Expression analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed MS4A12 to be a colonic epithelial cell lineage gene confined to the apical membrane of colonocytes with strict transcriptional repression in all other normal tissue types. Expression is maintained upon malignant transformation in 63% of colon cancers. Ca2+ flux analyses disclosed that MS4A12 is a novel component of store-operated Ca2+ entry in intestinal cells. Using RNAi-mediated gene silencing, we show that loss of MS4A12 in LoVo co…
Mir-675-5p supports hypoxia-induced drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells.
2022
Abstract Background The uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells determines hypoxic conditions within the neoplastic mass with consequent activation of specific molecular pathways that allow cells to survive despite oxygen deprivation. The same molecular pathways are often the cause of chemoresistance. This study aims to investigate the role of the hypoxia-induced miR-675-5p in 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. Methods CRC cell lines were treated with 5-Fu and incubated in normoxic or hypoxic conditions; cell viability has been evaluated by MTT assay. MiR-675-5p levels were analysed by RT-PCR and loss and gain expression of the miRNA has been obtained by t…
MUTYH-associated tumor syndrome: The other face of MAP
2022
MUTYH gene is involved in the base excision repair (BER) mechanism and its pathogenic alterations are associated with colorectal polyposis and cancer. MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP) is a condition which is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. MAP patients, beyond colorectal cancer (CRC), may develop other types of tumors, including duodenal, breast, ovarian, pancreatic, bladder and skin cancers. Carriers of biallelic MUTYH likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants exhibit a high lifetime risk of CRC, though cancer risk evidence becomes less clear when monoallelic carriers and extraintestinal tumors are considered. However, several studies recently reported an increased genetic suscepti…
Natural polyphenols facilitate elimination of HT-29 colorectal cancer xenografts by chemoradiotherapy: a Bcl-2- and superoxide dismutase 2-dependent …
2008
AbstractColorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The treatment of advanced colorectal cancer with chemotherapy and radiation has two major problems: development of tumor resistance to therapy and nonspecific toxicity towards normal tissues. Different plant-derived polyphenols show anticancer properties and are pharmacologically safe. In vitro growth of human HT-29 colorectal cancer cells is inhibited (∼56%) by bioavailable concentrations of trans-pterostilbene (trans-3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxystilbene; t-PTER) and quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,6-pentahydroxyflavone; QUER), two structurally related and naturally occurring small polyphenols. I.v. administration of t-PTER and Q…
Crucial Role of Interleukin-4 in the Survival of Colon Cancer Stem Cells
2008
Abstract Colon tumors may be maintained by a rare fraction of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) that express the cell surface marker CD133. Self-renewing CSCs exhibit relatively greater resistance to clinical cytotoxic therapies and recent work suggests that this resistance may be mediated in part by an autocrine response to the immune cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4). Blocking IL-4 signaling can sensitize CSCs to apoptotic stimuli and increase the in vivo efficacy of cytotoxic therapy. These findings suggest that inhibitors of IL-4 signaling may offer a new therapeutic tool in colon carcinoma. [Cancer Res 2008;68(11):4022–5]
Phase 1 study of biweekly (Q2W) anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb) mixture Sym004 in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) resista…
2014
3551 Background: Preclinical models suggest that WT KRAS mCRC may retain EGFR dependency despite resistance developed to anti-EGFR mAb treatment (eg, cetuximab or panitumumab). Sym004 is the first-...
How to deal with second line dilemma in metastatic colorectal cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
2019
e15006 Background: Monoclonal antibodies targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have demonstrated efficacy in combination with chemotherapy as second line for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, there is still a paucity of evidence or guidelines suggesting the right sequential treatment in all RAS (KRAS/NRAS) wild type(wt)mCRC. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the impact of these targeted therapies by reviewing literature data. Methods: We used Cochrane, EMBASE and Medline databases to select phase III clinical trials containing efficacy and safety data about chemotherapy (CT) or CT + targeted agents combination (Anti-VEGF an…
Proof-of-concept study of Sym004, an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody (mAb) mixture, in patients (pts) with anti-EGFR mab-refractory KRAS wild-type (wt)…
2013
3551 Background: KRAS wt mCRC pts progressing on chemotherapy and anti-EGFR mAbs have limited treatment options. Sym004 is a first-in-class drug mixture of two mAbs targeting non-overlapping epitopes on the EGFR, causing its internalization and degradation. With this unique mechanism of action, Sym004 overcomes acquired resistance to anti-EGFR mAbs in preclinical studies. Methods: Open-label, multicenter trial assessing safety (primary endpoint) and efficacy of 2 dose levels of Sym004 in KRAS wt mCRC pts with prior clinical benefit to anti-EGFR mAbs and subsequent progression during or within 6 months after treatment cessation. Sym004 was administered until disease progression or unaccepta…
Cytokines in cancer therapy
1989
The treatment options for patients with cancer are presently limited to surgical and radiotherapeutic strategies for localized disease and the systemic use of cytotoxic drugs for disseminated disease. So far, chemotherapy remains the mainstay for the treatment of metastatic cancer. Treatment results, however, have been stagnant particularly for the more frequent cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Current research is seeking new concepts of cancer treatment, based upon a more profound understanding of tumor cell biology. The oncogenetic defect in neoplastic cells is a genetic alteration in a primordial cancer cell, which subsequently leads to clonal expansion a…