Search results for "Computer Science Application"

showing 10 items of 3998 documents

Validation of buoyancy driven spectral tensor model using HATS data

2016

We present a homogeneous spectral tensor model for wind velocity and temperature fluctuations, driven by mean vertical shear and mean temperature gradient. Results from the model, including one-dimensional velocity and temperature spectra and the associated co-spectra, are shown in this paper. The model also reproduces two-point statistics, such as coherence and phases, via cross-spectra between two points separated in space. Model results are compared with observations from the Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (HATS) field program (Horst et al. 2004). The spectral velocity tensor in the model is described via five parameters: the dissipation rate (), length scale of energy-containing eddi…

Length scalePhysicsHistoryRichardson numberBuoyancyTurbulenceMathematical analysisDissipationengineering.materialWind speedComputer Science ApplicationsEducationClassical mechanicsengineeringAtmospheric instabilityAnisotropyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Effect of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on Hormones of Energy Balance in a TCDD-Sensitive and a TCDD-Resistant Rat Strain

2014

One of the hallmarks of the acute toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a drastically reduced feed intake by an unknown mechanism. To further elucidate this wasting syndrome, we followed the effects of a single large dose (100 μg/kg) of TCDD on the serum levels of several energy balance-influencing hormones, clinical chemistry variables, and hepatic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) expression in two rat strains that differ widely in their TCDD sensitivities, for up to 10 days. TCDD affected most of the analytes in sensitive Long-Evans rats, while there were few alterations in the resistant Han/Wistar strain. However, analyses of feed-restricted unexposed Long-Evans rats i…

LeptinFOOD-INTAKETCDDFGF21Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxinsmedicine.medical_treatmentAHRwasting syndromeacute toxicity413 Veterinary science8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinlcsh:Chemistry2378-tetrachlorodibenzo-<i>p</i>-dioxin; TCDD; wasting syndrome; energy balance; hormones; acute toxicity; strain differences; AHRPPAR-ALPHAInsulinMESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSIONInsulin-Like Growth Factor Ita315Receptorlcsh:QH301-705.5AH RECEPTORSpectroscopyenergiatasebiologyChemistryLeptinGeneral MedicineCENTRAL LEPTIN INFUSIONstrain differencesComputer Science ApplicationsLiverGhrelinAdiponectinARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR7medicine.medical_specialty3education2GlucagonCatalysisArticleInorganic ChemistrySpecies SpecificityInternal medicinemedicineAnimals2378-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinRats Long-EvansRNA MessengerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRats WistarCARBOXYKINASE PEPCK ACTIVITYMolecular BiologyI IGF-IhormonesGrowth factorOrganic ChemistryBody WeightAryl hydrocarbon receptorGlucagonenergy balancehormonitRatsFibroblast Growth FactorsEndocrinologylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Receptors Aryl Hydrocarbonbiology.proteinGROWTH-FACTOR 21Energy MetabolismHormoneInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Tejido adiposo epicárdico, adiponectina y leptina: Una fuente potencial de riesgo cardiovascular en Enfermedad renal crónica

2020

The importance of cardiometabolic factors in the inception and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is increasingly being recognized. Beyond diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, other factors may be responsible in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease, which is estimated to be 5- to 20-fold higher than in the general population. Although undefined uremic toxins are often blamed for part of the increased risk, visceral adipose tissue, and in particular epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), have been the focus of intense research in the past two decades. In fact, several lines of evidence suggest their involvement in athe…

LeptinPopulationAdipokineAdipose tissue030209 endocrinology & metabolismReview030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBioinformaticsleptinCatalysislcsh:ChemistryInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinecardiovascular diseaseDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansRenal Insufficiency ChronicPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryeducationlcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopyeducation.field_of_studyadiponectinAdiponectinbusiness.industryLeptinOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineEpicardial Adipose Tissueepicardial adipose tissuemedicine.diseaseCardiovascular diseaseComputer Science ApplicationsAdipose Tissuelcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Cardiovascular DiseasesAdiponectinMetabolic syndromebusinessPericardiumKidney disease
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Molecular dynamics, dynamic site mapping, and highthroughput virtual screening on leptin and the Ob receptor as anti-obesity target.

2014

Body weight control is a mechanism finely regulated by several hormonal, metabolic, and nervous pathways. The leptin receptor (Ob-R) is crucial for energy homeostasis and regulation of food uptake. Leptin is a 16 kDa hormone that is mainly secreted by fat cells into the bloodstream, and under normal circumstances, circulating levels are proportionate to the fat body mass. Sensing of elevated leptin levels by the hypothalamic neurocircutry activates a negative feedback loop resulting in reduced food intake and increased energy expenditure. Decreased concentrations lead to opposite effects. Therefore rational design of leptin agonists constitute an appealing challenge in the battle against ob…

Leptinmedicine.medical_specialtyProtein ConformationAdipose tissueDrug designBiologyMolecular Dynamics SimulationDynamic SiteMapping HTVS Leptin Molecular Dynamics Obesity Protein/protein docking Multivariate analysis Ob ReceptorCatalysisEnergy homeostasisInorganic ChemistryStructure-Activity RelationshipInternal medicinemedicineMolecular Targeted TherapyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryReceptorVirtual screeningLeptin receptorBinding SitesMolecular StructureLeptindigestive oral and skin physiologyOrganic ChemistryHydrogen BondingSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaComputer Science ApplicationsHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysMolecular Docking SimulationEndocrinologyComputational Theory and MathematicsDocking (molecular)Drug DesignMultivariate AnalysisComputer-Aided DesignReceptors LeptinAnti-Obesity AgentsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsProtein BindingJournal of molecular modeling
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Architecture-Driven Level Set Optimization: From Clustering to Sub-pixel Image Segmentation

2016

Thanks to their effectiveness, active contour models (ACMs) are of great interest for computer vision scientists. The level set methods (LSMs) refer to the class of geometric active contours. Comparing with the other ACMs, in addition to subpixel accuracy, it has the intrinsic ability to automatically handle topological changes. Nevertheless, the LSMs are computationally expensive. A solution for their time consumption problem can be hardware acceleration using some massively parallel devices such as graphics processing units (GPUs). But the question is: which accuracy can we reach while still maintaining an adequate algorithm to massively parallel architecture? In this paper, we attempt to…

Level set methodComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesInitialization02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingLevel setgraphics processing units0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLevel set methodComputer visionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCluster analysisMassively parallelimage segmentation021101 geological & geomatics engineeringActive contour modelhybrid CPU-GPU architecturebusiness.industryImage segmentationSubpixel renderingComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionControl and Systems EngineeringHardware acceleration020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingSoftwareInformation Systems
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A LiDAR Prototype with Silicon Photomultiplier and MEMS Mirrors

2018

In this paper, we present a low cost prototype of a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) LiDAR system, employing a SiPM as photo detector and MEMS mirrors in order to steer the nanosecond pulsed optical beam with a scanning angle of +/-6°. Preliminary TOF measurements have been performed both indoor and outdoor to test the limits of the system.

LiDARMaterials scienceSiPMInstrumentationOptical beamComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyPhotodetectorSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOpticsSilicon photomultiplierArtificial IntelligenceSilicon PhotomultiplierInstrumentationMicroelectromechanical systemsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryTOFComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionNanosecondMEMSComputer Networks and CommunicationLidarbusinessLiDAR TOF SiPM Silicon Photomultiplier MEMS2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)
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Quantifying water stress effect on daily light use efficiency in Mediterranean ecosystems using satellite data

2016

16 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables, supplemental material https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17538947.2016.1247301

Light use efficiency010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMeteorologyVapour Pressure DeficitWater stress0211 other engineering and technologiesEddy covariancePrimary production02 engineering and technologyPhotochemical Reflectance Index01 natural sciencesMonteithComputer Science ApplicationsGeographyPhotosynthetically active radiationEvapotranspirationMediterranean ecosystemsGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSatelliteGPPPrecipitationSoftware021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesInternational Journal of Digital Earth
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Guanosine-Mediated Anxiolytic-Like Effect: Interplay with Adenosine A1 and A2A Receptors

2020

Acute or chronic administration of guanosine (GUO) induces anxiolytic-like effects, for which the adenosine (ADO) system involvement has been postulated yet without a direct experimental evidence. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether adenosine receptors (ARs) are involved in the GUO-mediated anxiolytic-like effect, evaluated by three anxiety-related paradigms in rats. First, we confirmed that acute treatment with GUO exerts an anxiolytic-like effect. Subsequently, we investigated the effects of pretreatment with ADO or A1R (CPA, CCPA) or A2AR (CGS21680) agonists 10 min prior to GUO on a GUO-induced anxiolytic-like effect. All the combined treatments blocked the GUO anxiolytic-like effect, …

LightPharmacologyAnxietySettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaHippocampuslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineReceptorlcsh:QH301-705.5Spectroscopycaffeine0303 health sciencesBehavior AnimalRGeneral MedicineDarkness3. Good healthComputer Science ApplicationsadenosineCCPA[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]A<sub>1</sub>RCaffeineA1Rmedicine.drugReceptor Adenosine A2A1GuanosineCatalysisArticleInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesAmedicineAnimals[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Physical and Theoretical ChemistryBinding site2AMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyDose-Response Relationship DrugReceptor Adenosine A1behaviorOrganic ChemistryCell MembraneAntagonistAdenosineAdenosine receptorRatsguanosineA<sub>2A</sub>Rlcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999chemistryA2AR030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Effects of Candelilla and Carnauba Wax Incorporation on the Functional Properties of Edible Sodium Caseinate Films

2020

International audience; The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of candelilla (CAN) or carnauba wax (CAR) incorporation on functional properties of edible sodium caseinate (CAS) films. Glycerol and Tween-80 were used as the plasticizer and the emulsifier, respectively. The results showed that the incorporation of waxes increased film opacity, total color differences (∆E), and mechanical resistance and reduced film lightness, water vapor permeability (WVP), and elongation at break. Scanning electron microscopy showed heterogeneous structure of emulsion films with regular distribution of lipid particles. A different internal arrangement was observed as a function of the film composi…

LightnessMaterials sciencecandelilla waxedible films02 engineering and technologyArticleCatalysisphysical propertiesInorganic Chemistrylcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologycarnauba waxsodium caseinatePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyWaxAqueous solutionOrganic ChemistryPlasticizerCaseins04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineCandelilla wax021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLipids040401 food scienceComputer Science ApplicationsSolubilityChemical engineeringchemistrylcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Waxesvisual_artEmulsionvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCarnauba wax0210 nano-technologyDispersion (chemistry)[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Early assessment of crop yield from remotely sensed water stress and solar radiation data

2018

Soil moisture (SM) available for evapotranspiration is crucial for food security, given the significant interannual yield variability of rainfed crops in large agricultural regions. Also, incoming solar radiation (Rs) influences the photosynthetic rate of vegetated surfaces and can affect productivity. The aim of this work is to evaluate the ability of crop water stress and Rs remotely sensed data to forecast yield at regional scale. Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) was computed as an indicator of crop water stress and soil moisture availability. TVDI during critical growth stage of crops was calculated from MODIS products: MODIS/AQUA 8-day composite LST at 1 km and 16-day compos…

Limiting factor010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyGeociencias multidisciplinariaAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio AmbienteCropYIELD ESTIMATIONYield (wine)EvapotranspirationComputers in Earth SciencesEngineering (miscellaneous)Water content021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONCrop yieldFOOD SECURITYCROP WATER STRESSVegetationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science ApplicationsSoil waterEnvironmental scienceCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
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