Search results for "Concentration."

showing 10 items of 1849 documents

Synthesis and in vitro antileukemic activity of new 4-triazenopyrazole derivatives

2003

Several new 4-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)-5-benzamidopyrazole derivatives were prepared by reacting 4-diazo-5-benzamidopyrazole derivatives with dimethylamine. The compounds were tested at 10 microM for their vitro antileukemic activity against K562 (Human chronic myelogenous leukemia) and Raji (human Burkitt limphoma ) cell lines. Dacarbazine and methotrexate were used for comparative purpose. The 3-methyl-4-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)-5-(substituted benzamido)pyrazoles, bearing the pyrazole nucleus free at 1 position, resulted more active than the 1-(substituted phenyl)-3-methyl-4-(3,3-dimethyltriazeno)-5-benzamidopyrazoles. Dacarbazine at 10 microM showed no activity in the above tests. The observ…

StereochemistryDacarbazinePharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsPyrazoleSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleInhibitory Concentration 50Structure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemCell Line TumorLeukemia Myelogenous Chronic BCR-ABL PositiveDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansDimethylamine4-Triazenopyrazoles Antiproliferative activity In vitro antileukemic acitivityDemethylationTriazinesGeneral MedicineBurkitt LymphomaSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaIn vitroRaji cellchemistryMechanism of actionPyrazolesGrowth inhibitionmedicine.symptommedicine.drugIl Farmaco
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Critical parameters for adduct formation of the carcinogen (+)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol 9,10-epoxide with oligonucleotides.

1997

Various parameters relevant for the formation of dG adducts produced in the reaction of individual benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide (BPDE) stereoisomers with oligonucleotides have been studied. Reaction time, temperature, pH, molar ratio of diol epoxide and oligonucleotide, base sequence, and buffer system were shown to affect the amount of (+)-anti-BPDE dG adducts formed. Optimum experimental conditions for dG adduct formation were different depending on the base sequence context of the oligonucleotide employed [5'-d(CCTATAGATATCC) or 5'-d(CCTATTGCTATCC)]. In general, low temperature to allow a longer reaction time, slightly alkaline Tris-HCl (pH 7.5-8.0) or alkaline phosphate buffer (pH 11), l…

StereochemistryDiol78-Dihydro-78-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 910-oxideBiomedical EngineeringOligonucleotidesPharmaceutical ScienceEpoxideBioengineeringContext (language use)BuffersMedicinal chemistryAdductchemistry.chemical_compoundpolycyclic compoundsPharmacologyOligonucleotideHydrolysisOrganic ChemistryTemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationchemistryBenzo(a)pyreneCarcinogensPyreneEnantiomerBiotechnologyBioconjugate chemistry
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Binding Mode and Selectivity of a Scorpiand-Like Polyamine Ligand to Single- and Double-Stranded DNA and RNA: Metal- and pH-Driven Modulation

2017

The interaction of a polyazacyclophane ligand having an ethylamine pendant arm functionalized with an anthryl group (L), with the single-stranded polynucleotides polyA, polyG, polyU, and polyC as well as with the double-stranded polynucleotides polyA-polyU, poly(dAT)(2), and poly(dGC)(2) has been followed by UV/Vis titration, steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, and thermal denaturation measurements. In the case of the single-stranded polynucleotides, the UV/Vis and fluorescence titrations permit to distinguish between sequences containing purine and pyrimidine bases. For the double-stranded polynucleotides the UV/Vis measurements show for all of them hypochromicity and bathochromic shif…

StereochemistryIntercalation (chemistry)DNA Single-Stranded010402 general chemistryLigands01 natural sciencesCatalysissupramolecular chemistryNucleobaseMolecular recognitionCoordination Complexesfluorescent probesBathochromic shiftPolyaminesFluorescent DyesQuenching (fluorescence)010405 organic chemistryChemistryLigandOrganic ChemistryGeneral ChemistryDNAHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationnucleobasesFluorescenceIntercalating Agents0104 chemical sciencesSpectrometry FluorescencePolynucleotideRNASpectrophotometry Ultravioletmolecular recognition
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Phytochemical Profile and Apoptotic Activity of Onopordum cynarocephalum.

2012

A phytochemical investigation of acetone and chloroform extracts of the aerial parts of Onopordum cynarocephalum Boiss. et Blanche was carried out. It led to the isolation of two new sesquiterpenes, the elemane aldehyde (2) and the eudesmane (11), together with 15 known compounds: two lignans (1 and 15) and 13 sesquiterpenes (3–10, 12–14, 16, 17). The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, especially 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The anti-growth effect against three human melanoma cell lines, M14, A375, and A2058, of the different extracts and compounds of O. cynarocephalum was also investigated. Among them, the chloroform extract exhibited the strongest biological activity, while t…

StereochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceApoptosisDNA FragmentationLignansAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50cytotoxic activity Onopordum cynarocephalum Boiss. et BlancheCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryHumansSesquiterpenes EudesmaneHSP70 Heat-Shock ProteinsFuransArctigeninCell ProliferationPharmacologyLignanChloroformPlants MedicinalbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureCaspase 3Plant ExtractsOrganic ChemistryOnopordumPTEN PhosphohydrolaseBiological activityPlant Components AerialAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicEnzyme assayMonocyclic SesquiterpenesComplementary and alternative medicinePhytochemicalchemistryApoptosisbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineDNA fragmentationSesquiterpenes
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Cytotoxicity and modes of action of four naturally occuring benzophenones: 2,2′,5,6′-Tetrahydroxybenzophenone, guttiferone E, isogarcinol and isoxant…

2012

Abstract Introduction The emergence of drug-resistant cancer cells drastically reduces the efficacy of many antineoplasic agents and, consequently, increases the frequency of therapeutic failure. Benzophenones are known to display many pharmacological properties including cytotoxic activities. The present study was aimed at investigating the cytotoxicity and the modes of action of four naturally occurring benzophenones 2,2′,5,6′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone ( 1 ), isogarcinol ( 2 ), isoxanthochymol ( 3 ) and guttiferone E ( 4 ) on a panel of eleven cancer cell lines including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. Methods The cytotoxicity of the compounds was determined using a resazu…

StereochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceApoptosisHL-60 CellsPharmacologyCaspase 8BenzophenonesInhibitory Concentration 50NeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryHumansCytotoxic T cellCytotoxicityCaspaseCell ProliferationPharmacologyCaspase-9LeukemiabiologyPlant ExtractsChemistryCarcinomaHCT116 CellsAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicMatrix MetalloproteinasesPhenotypeComplementary and alternative medicineDoxorubicinDrug Resistance NeoplasmApoptosisCell cultureCaspasesColonic NeoplasmsCancer cellbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineReactive Oxygen SpeciesPhytotherapyPhytomedicine
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Naphthalene Derivatives from the Roots of Pentas parvifolia and Pentas bussei

2016

The phytochemical investigation of the CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the roots of Pentas parvifolia led to the isolation of three new naphthalenes, parvinaphthols A (1), B (2), and C (3), two known anthraquinones, and five known naphthalene derivatives. Similar investigation of the roots of Pentas bussei afforded a new polycyclic naphthalene, busseihydroquinone E (4), a new 2,2'-binaphthralenyl-1,1'-dione, busseihydroquinone F (5), and five known naphthalenes. All purified metabolites were characterized by NMR and MS data analyses, whereas the absolute configurations of 3 and 4 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The E-geometry of compound 5 was supported by DFT-base…

StereochemistryPlasmodium falciparumPharmaceutical SciencePentasAnthraquinonesRubiaceaeCrystallography X-Ray010402 general chemistryPlant Roots01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryAntimalarialsInhibitory Concentration 50chemistry.chemical_compoundBreast cancer cell lineDrug DiscoveryAnthraquinonesIc50 valuesHumansNuclear Magnetic Resonance Biomolecularta116naphthalene derivativesNaphthalenenaphthalenesPharmacologyPentasMolecular Structurebiology010405 organic chemistryOrganic Chemistryta1182Pentas parvifoliabiology.organism_classificationphytochemicals0104 chemical sciencesComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryPhytochemicalMolecular MedicineJournal of Natural Products
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CO2 Fixation by Cu2+ and Zn2+ complexes of a terpyridinophane aza receptor. Crystal structures of Cu2+ complexes, pH-metric, spectroscopic, and elect…

2006

The synthesis of the terpyridinophane-type polyamine 2,6,9,12,16-pentaaza[17]-(5,5' ')-cyclo-(2,2':6',2' ')-terpyridinophane heptahydrobromide tetrahydrate (L.7HBr.4H2O) is described. L presents six protonation constants with values in the range 9.21-3.27 logarithmic units. L interacts with Cu2+ and Zn2+ forming in both cases, neutral, protonated, and hydroxylated mono- and binuclear complexes whose constants have been calculated by potentiometry in 0.15 M NaClO4 at 298.1 K. The crystal structures of the compounds [Cu(HL-carb)(H2O)](ClO4)3.2H2O (1) and [Cu2(H2L)(CO3)]2(ClO4)8.9H2O (2) have been solved by X-ray diffraction. In 1, the metal center presents square pyramidal geometry. The base …

StereochemistryProtonationCrystal structureElectrochemistryCrystallography X-RayInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundPyridineElectrochemistryOrganometallic CompoundsPolyaminesMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTetrahydrateMolecular StructureSpectrum AnalysisCarbon DioxideHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPlantsSquare pyramidal molecular geometryCrystallographyZincchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCopperInorganic chemistry
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Bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines, a New Class of Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex I

2004

Four bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids (-)-medelline, (+)-antioquine, (+)-aromoline, and (+)-obamegine were isolated from the fruits of Xylopia columbiana. These compounds, the previously isolated alkaloids (+)-thaligrisine and (+)-isotetrandrine, as well as their O-acetylated derivatives were assayed on submitochondrial particles from beef heart as inhibitors of the mammalian respiratory chain. The results revealed that these alkaloids act as selective inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I in a 0.15 - 4.71 microM range. O-Acetylation, which increases their lipophilicity, considerably increased the inhibitory potency.

StereochemistryRespiratory chainAnnonaceaePharmaceutical ScienceBiologyBenzylisoquinolinesMitochondria HeartAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionElectron TransportInhibitory Concentration 50lawDrug DiscoveryAnimalsNADH NADPH Oxidoreductasesheterocyclic compoundsMitochondrial respiratory chain complex ISubmitochondrial particleEnzyme InhibitorsPharmacologyPlant ExtractsOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationElectron transport chainComplementary and alternative medicineBiochemistryAnnonaceaeLipophilicityMolecular MedicineCattlePhytotherapyXylopiaPhytotherapyPlanta Medica
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Cytotoxic activity of some natural and syntetic sesquiterpene lactones

2006

Several natural and synthetic sesquiterpene lactones with different skeletons were tested and found to be active against nine cancer cell lines. Elemane (4), heliangolane (5) and their hydroxy analogues 9 and 10, all containing an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde substituent, were the most potent compounds.

StereochemistrySubstituentPharmaceutical ScienceCentaureaPharmacognosySesquiterpeneAldehydeANTITUMOR AGENTSAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50LactonesStructure-Activity RelationshipCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryStructure–activity relationshipOrganic chemistryCytotoxic T cellHumansCENTAUREA-PAUICytotoxicityPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationBiological ProductsMolecular StructureDERIVATIVESOrganic ChemistryCNICINSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryMolecular MedicineSesquiterpenesLactone
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The mechanism of hydrolysis of beta-glycerophosphate by kidney alkaline phosphatase.

1975

1. To identify the functional groups that are involved in the conversion of β-glycerophosphate by alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) from pig kidney, the kinetics of alkaline phosphatase were investigated in the pH range 6.6-10.3 at substrate concentrations of 3 μM-30 mM. From the plots of log ṼH+ against pH and log ṼH+/KH+m against pH one functional group with pK = 7.0 and two functional groups with pK = 9.1 were identified. These groups are involved in substrate binding. Another group with pK = 8.8 was found, which in its unprotonated form catalyses substrate conversion. 2. GSH inhibits the alkaline phosphatase reversibly and non-competitively by attacking the bound Zn(II). 3. The influenc…

StereochemistrySwineKidneyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisAnimalsMagnesiumBinding siteMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesHydrolysisSubstrate (chemistry)Cell BiologyGlutathioneHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPhosphateAlkaline PhosphataseGlutathioneKineticsZincEnzymechemistryModels ChemicalGlycerophosphatesFunctional groupAlkaline phosphataseResearch ArticleThe Biochemical journal
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