Search results for "Context"
showing 10 items of 6304 documents
Altered Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Stress in Leukocytes of Anorexia Nervosa Patients
2014
ContextAnorexia nervosa is a common illness among adolescents and is characterised by oxidative stress.ObjectiveThe effects of anorexia on mitochondrial function and redox state in leukocytes from anorexic subjects were evaluated.Design and settingA multi-centre, cross-sectional case-control study was performed.PatientsOur study population consisted of 20 anorexic patients and 20 age-matched controls, all of which were Caucasian women.Main outcome measuresAnthropometric and metabolic parameters were evaluated in the study population. To assess whether anorexia nervosa affects mitochondrial function and redox state in leukocytes of anorexic patients, we measured mitochondrial oxygen consumpt…
Influencia de las variables sociodemográficas sobre la ansiedad y el rendimiento académico adolescente: el contexto pluricultural de Ceuta
2019
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental analizar la ansiedad y el rendimiento académico, sus tipos y niveles en función de edad, género, cultura y estrato socioeconómico, así como contemplar las relaciones entre ambas. Se contó con 811 participantes. El 71.6% de la muestra eran musulmanes, mientras que el 28.4% eran cristianos; el 46.1% hombres y el 53.9% mujeres. Como instrumentos de evaluación se empleó el STAIC (Spielberger, 2001) y las calificaciones del alumnado. Se reflejan niveles medio-bajos en ansiedad y medios en rendimiento académico. En la ansiedad influyen edad, género, cultura/religión y estatus socio-económico-cultural. Sobre el rendimiento actúan la edad, la cultura y e…
El enfermo de Sida y otros enfermos crónicos : estudio de la interacción en contextos hospitalarios y de la vivencia de la enfermedad
2016
Este estudio se centra en el enfermo crónico hospitalizado de larga estancia, concretamente enfermos de sida (fase terminal) y otros enfermos crónicos (estado grave). El objetivo fue analizar las diferencias entre ambos grupos de enfermos en las variables relacionadas con la vivencia de la enfermedad, y en las interacciones entre estos enfermos y el resto de las personas que interactúan con ellos en el contexto hospitalario. Los participantes fueron 51 enfermos crónicos hospitalizados en un hospital de larga estancia de la provincia de Valencia, 20 de sida y 31 de otras patologías. El 64.7% fueron hombres y el 35.3% mujeres, con una edad promedio de 55.02 años (DT = 18.8). Los instrumentos …
Exploiting historical rainfall and landslide data in a spatial database for the derivation of critical rainfall thresholds
2017
Critical rainfall thresholds for landslides are powerful tools for preventing landslide hazard. The thresholds are commonly estimated empirically starting from rainfall events that triggered landslides in the past. The creation of the appropriate rainfall–landslide database is one of the main efforts in this approach. In fact, an accurate agreement between the landslide and rainfall information, in terms of location and timing, is essential in order to correctly estimate the rainfall–landslide relationships. A further issue is taking into account the average moisture conditions prior the triggering event, which reasonably may be crucial in determining the sufficient amount of precipitation.…
Biomimetic diels–alder cyclizations for the construction of the brevianamide, paraherquamide, sclerotamide, asperparaline and VM55599 ring systems
1998
Abstract A potentially bio-mimetic Diels–Alder cyclization to construct the bicyclo[2.2.2] ring system common to the paraherquamides, marcfortines, sclerotamides, brevianamides, VM55599, and asperparaline is reported. Epi-deoxybrevianamide E (22) is converted into the corresponding lactim ether (23) and then oxidized with DDQ to provide an azadiene (24) which is tautomerized in the presence of base to azadiene 25 which, spontaneously cyclizes to give a 2:1 mixture of cycloadducts 26 and 27. These cycloadducts are each in turn, converted into d , l -C-19-epi-brevianamide A (20) and d , l -brevianamide B (6). The stereochemical implications of the [4+2] cycloaddition is discussed in the conte…
Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecules: A Pharmacological Expedient to Counteract Inflammation
2008
Carbon monoxide (CO) mediates many of the biological effects that are attributed to heme oxygenase (HO), the enzyme responsible for CO production in mammals. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of HO-1, the inducible isoform of heme oxygenase, have been demonstrated in a variety of disease models and a therapeutic exploitation of this pathway is currently under scrutiny. In this context, the liberation of CO from CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs) is extremely attractive as these compounds may form the basis of a new class of pharmaceuticals. Recent investigations indicate that HO-1 and CO modulate important processes in chronic inflammation; these include the control of immune respon…
Protective immunity against Echinostoma caproni in rats is induced by Syphacia muris infection.
2012
Syphacia muris (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) is a ubiquitous nematode that commonly infects rats in the laboratory and can interfere with the development of unrelated biological assays. In this context, we analysed the effect of a patent S. muris infection in Wistar rats on a superimposed infection with the intestinal trematode, Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). The results indicate that in the rats, infection with S. muris induces an immunity against a subsequent infection with E. caproni, although each parasite occupies different niches in the host. Echinostoma caproni worm recovery was significantly decreased in the rats primarily infected with S. muris and, at 3 and 4 weeks pos…
A Novel Series of Acylhydrazones as Potential Anti-Candida Agents: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and In Silico Studies
2019
In the context of an increased incidence of invasive fungal diseases, there is an imperative need of new antifungal drugs with improved activity and safety profiles. A novel series of acylhydrazones bearing a 1,4-phenylene-bisthiazole scaffold was designed based on an analysis of structures known to possess anti-Candida activity obtained from a literature review. Nine final compounds were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activity against various strains of Candida spp. The anti-Candida activity assay revealed that some of the new compounds are as active as fluconazole against most of the tested strains. A molecular docking study was conducted in order to evaluate the …
Zinc oxide nanoparticles for therapeutic purposes in cancer medicine.
2020
The importance of zinc as a trace metal in the human body has long been overlooked. We now gradually discover that the impact of zinc on the health of our body might be as far-reaching as that of iron. Concurrently, nanomaterials containing zinc, in particular zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), are becoming increasingly attractive as innovative agents for medical applications. Zinc oxide is characterized by a good biocompatibility which allows the exploitation of its antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-cancer qualities in a therapeutic setting. This perspective outlines the current state of knowledge concerning the interaction of zinc oxide nanoparticles with eukaryotic cells an…
Nephrotoxicity in the setting of invasive fungal diseases
2008
Amphotericin B, a broad spectrum antifungal agent, is widely used despite significant adverse events including nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity occurs frequently in patients receiving amphotericin B. Different definitions for nephrotoxicity are reviewed in the context of outcome in patients with invasive fungal diseases. In most publications, mortality was higher in patients experiencing nephrotoxicity and mean hospital length of stay was prolonged. As a consequence, the use of less nephrotoxic antifungal agents could improve treatment outcomes.