Search results for "Control"

showing 10 items of 13168 documents

What proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease outpatients is eligible for inclusion in randomized clinical trials?

2013

<b><i>Background and Objective:</i></b> We aimed to explore to what extent an unselected population of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outpatients would be eligible for inclusion in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective analysis of the clinical records of outpatient subjects with an ascertained diagnosis of COPD. COPD outpatients were assessed against the following inclusion criteria: 40 < age < 80 years, current or former smokers, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) <70% predicted, no long-term oxygen therapy, no other concomitant lung diseases and …

AdultLung DiseasesMalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyMEDLINEPulmonary diseaseComorbiditySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriolaw.inventionCohort StudiesPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveRandomized controlled triallawForced Expiratory VolumeInternal medicinePragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicmedicineHumansCOPDAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overCOPDbusiness.industryPatient SelectionSmokingAge FactorsOxygen Inhalation TherapyRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseComorbidityBronchiectasisrespiratory tract diseasesPhysical therapyFemaleObservational studyCognition DisordersbusinessCohort study
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Are Asthmatics Enrolled in Randomized Trials Representative of Real-Life Outpatients?

2014

<b><i>Background/Objective:</i></b> This study was aimed at exploring to what extent populations enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of inhalation combination treatment for mild/moderate asthma in adults are fully representative of ‘real-life' populations. The following is a retrospective analysis of the clinical records of outpatient subjects with an ascertained diagnosis of asthma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective analysis was performed. Stable conditions, such as smoking habit and chronic diseases other than asthma, were identified as exclusion criteria for RCTs. The selected criteria were then applied to asthmatic outpati…

AdultLung DiseasesMalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsAdolescentResearch SubjectsAlternative medicineMEDLINECoronary Artery DiseaseAnxietySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriolaw.inventionYoung AdultRandomized controlled triallawmedicineHumansYoung adultAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRetrospective StudiesAsthmaAged 80 and overInhalationDepressionbusiness.industryPatient SelectionSmokingAge FactorsReal-lifeArrhythmias CardiacRetrospective cohort studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAsthmaRandomized controlled trialFemaleObservational studybusiness
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Haplotypes of the caspase-1 gene, plasma caspase-1 levels, and cardiovascular risk.

2006

Caspase-1 processes the interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 inactive precursors to the biologically active cytokines that are known to have proatherogenic effects. The present study investigated the genetic variability of the CASP1 gene and plasma levels of caspase-1 in relation to cardiovascular risk. In Europeans, 3 tag SNPs captured 4 common haplotypes of the CASP1 gene. Among these, the A in6 allele of the G+7/in6A polymorphism was less frequent in 246 cases with myocardial infarction and a parental history of disease than in 253 controls free of familial history of disease (0.13±0.02 versus 0.20±0.02; P =0.005). However, in a larger case/control study (n=1774), these effects are borderline …

AdultMale/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1314medicine.medical_specialtyPathologyGenotypePhysiologyPopulationMyocardial Infarction/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2705Single-nucleotide polymorphismCoronary Artery DiseaseBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideRisk AssessmentCoronary artery diseaseCohort StudiesGene FrequencyPolymorphism (computer science)Internal medicinemedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseProspective StudiesAlleleeducationProspective cohort studyAgededucation.field_of_studyVascular diseaseHazard ratioCaspase 1Interleukin-18Genetic VariationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseEndocrinologyHaplotypesCardiovascular DiseasesCase-Control StudiesFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineFollow-Up StudiesCirculation research
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A deep learning framework for automatic diagnosis of unipolar depression.

2019

Abstract Background and purpose In recent years, the development of machine learning (ML) frameworks for automatic diagnosis of unipolar depression has escalated to a next level of deep learning frameworks. However, this idea needs further validation. Therefore, this paper has proposed an electroencephalographic (EEG)-based deep learning framework that automatically discriminated depressed and healthy controls and provided the diagnosis. Basic procedures In this paper, two different deep learning architectures were proposed that utilized one dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN) and 1DCNN with long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture. The proposed deep learning architectures au…

AdultMale020205 medical informaticsComputer science[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Health Informatics02 engineering and technologyElectroencephalographyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreConvolutional neural network03 medical and health sciencesAutomation0302 clinical medicineDeep LearningEeg data0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSDepression (differential diagnoses)Depressive Disordermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryDeep learningElectroencephalographyCase-Control StudiesFemaleArtificial intelligenceNeural Networks ComputerbusinesscomputerInternational journal of medical informatics
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Modeling of Human Posturokinetic Movements by a Linear Feedback System: Relations among Feedback Coefficients

2002

This study describes a method of modeling human trunk and whole body backward bending and suggests a possible neural control strategy. The hypothesis was that the control system can be modeled as a linear feedback system, in which the torque acting at a given joint is a function of the state variables (angular positions and angular velocities). The linear system enabled representation of the feedback system by a gain matrix. The matrix was computed from the kinematics recorded by a movement analysis system and from the joint torques calculated by inverse dynamics. To validate the control model, a comparison was made between the angular kinematics yielded by the model and the experimental d…

AdultMale0209 industrial biotechnologyState variableMovementPostureLinear systemExperimental and Cognitive Psychology02 engineering and technologyKinematicsModels TheoreticalSensory SystemsFeedbackKinesisInverse dynamicsMatrix (mathematics)020901 industrial engineering & automationControl theoryControl system0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHumansTorque020201 artificial intelligence & image processingRepresentation (mathematics)MathematicsPerceptual and Motor Skills
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Inhibitory control pathway to disinhibited eating: A matter of perspective?

2018

Abstract Recent studies highlight the importance of disinhibited eating and underlying inhibitory control deficits in the maintenance of obesity. So far, inhibition facets have been examined in isolation and findings are inconsistent due to different measures. This study illustrates the multifaceted nature of inhibitory control by comparing different inhibition stages in outpatients with chronic overweight (with binge eating disorder, BED, n = 24; Non-BED, n = 47) and healthy controls (HC, n = 30). Besides reporting impulsive patterns (UPPS), participants performed the Food Stroop (FST), Door Opening (DOT) and Stop Signal (SST) task with food and generic stimuli. The results showed a signif…

AdultMale0301 basic medicine030209 endocrinology & metabolismNeuropsychological TestsStimulus (physiology)OverweightStop signalImpulsivityExecutive Function03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBinge-eating disordermedicineHumansGeneral Psychology030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsBinge eatingbusiness.industryBody WeightMiddle AgedOverweightmedicine.diseaseObesityInhibition PsychologicalCase-Control StudiesImpulsive BehaviorFemalemedicine.symptombusinessBinge-Eating DisorderStroop effectClinical psychologyAppetite
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Influence of the structural components of artificial turf systems on impact attenuation in amateur football players

2019

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of the structural components of different 3rd generation artificial turf football field systems on the biomechanical response of impact attenuation in amateur football players. A total of 12 amateur football players (24.3 ± 3.7 years, 73.5 ± 5.5 kg, 178.3 ± 4.1 cm and 13.7 ± 4.3 years of sport experience) were evaluated on three third generation artificial turf systems (ATS) with different structural components. ATS were composed of asphalt sub-base and 45 mm of fibre height with (ATS1) and without (ATS2) elastic layer or compacted granular sub-base, 60 mm of fibre height without elastic layer (ATS3). Two triaxial accelerome…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineAccelerationPoison controlSTRIDElcsh:MedicineFútbolArticleLower energyRunningYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFloors and FloorcoveringsSoccerArtificial turfHumanslcsh:ScienceMathematicsOrthodonticsEsportsFootball playersMultidisciplinaryAttenuationlcsh:RDeporteBone quality and biomechanicsBiomechanical Phenomena030104 developmental biologyRisk factorsAthletesFootball fieldSuperficies deportivas sintéticaslcsh:QEducació físicaAmateur030217 neurology & neurosurgeryInstalación deportiva
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Induction of antitoxin responses in Clostridium-difficile-infected patients compared to healthy blood donors

2016

According to the literature Clostridium difficile antitoxins are present in up to 66% of humans. In a survey of ∼400 plasma samples from healthy blood donors we found that less than 6% were positive for anti-TcdA or anti-TcdB antitoxins. Using the same standard immunoassay protocol, we looked for IgG and IgA antitoxins in the blood and stool samples from 25 patients with C. difficile infection (CDI). Some patients with CDI had no antitoxin detected at all, while others had high levels of specific IgG- and IgA-antitoxins against both TcdA and TcdB in blood and IgA-anti-TcdA and -anti-TcdB antibodies in stool. Systemic responses to TcdB and mucosal responses to TcdA predominated. Among patien…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineAdolescentBacterial ToxinsClostridium difficile toxin ABlood DonorsBiologyMicrobiologyMicrobiologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineEnterocolitis PseudomembranousAgedAntigens Bacterialmedicine.diagnostic_testClostridioides difficileCase-control studyMiddle AgedClostridium difficileAntibodies BacterialMolecular TypingTreatment Outcome030104 developmental biologyInfectious DiseasesCase-Control StudiesImmunoassayImmunologyHumoral immunitybiology.proteinFemaleAntitoxinAntibodyAnaerobe
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A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene Is Associated With Decreased Levels of the Protein and a Penetrating Pattern in Crohn…

2018

Background: Vitamin D signaling modulates inflammation through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs731236, located in the VDR gene, has been associated with a higher risk of Crohn's disease (CD). We analyzed differences in VDR expression levels among CD patients who were homozygous for allelic variants in this SNP and their relevance for disease course. Methods: DNA was extracted from blood samples of CD patients, and SNP genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Fresh blood from patients was used to isolate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or to determine the expression of adhesi…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineAdolescentInterleukin-1betaSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideCalcitriol receptorPeripheral blood mononuclear cellYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCrohn Diseasesingle-nucleotide polymorphismsGene expressionGenotypeVitamin D and neurologyHumansvitamin D receptorImmunology and AllergySNPAlleleAllelespenetrating behaviorHomozygoteGastroenterologyMolecular biology030104 developmental biologyCase-Control Studies030220 oncology & carcinogenesisReceptors CalcitriolFemalePolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthInflammatory Bowel Diseases
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Genetic screening for MC4R gene identifies three novel mutations associated with severe familiar obesity in a cohort of Spanish individuals

2019

Abstract MC4R gene is a hypothalamic satiety control mediator in which mutations cause a monogenic form of obesity. The aim of this study was to perform a genetic screening to identify variations in the entire region of MC4R gene. A total of 236 unrelated and severely obese patients (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) with Spanish ancestry and severe overweight familiar history have been enrolled into the study. Seven MC4R gene variants were identified in the heterozygous state in 21 patients. Coding variants p.Thr101Ile and p.Ala259Asp are new and variants p.Ser30Phe, p.Val103Ile and p.Ile251Leu were previously described. Two variants have been also observed in the promoter region of the MC4R gene; the c.-24…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineAdolescentObesity phenotypeIn silicoDNA Mutational AnalysisMutation MissenseOverweightBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymorphism Single NucleotideCohort StudiesYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGeneticsmedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingGeneGenetic Association StudiesGeneticsMutationPromoterGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesityObesity MorbidPedigree030104 developmental biologySpainCase-Control Studies030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortReceptor Melanocortin Type 4Femalemedicine.symptomGene
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