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showing 10 items of 14808 documents

Spectroscopic analysis of hot-water- and dilute-acid-extracted hardwood and softwood chips

2017

Hot-water and dilute sulfuric acid pretreatments were performed prior to chemical pulping for silver/white birch (Betula pendula/B. pubescens) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) chips to determine if varying pretreatment conditions on the original wood material were detectable via attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy. Pretreatment conditions varied with respect to temperature (130 °C and 150 °C) and treatment time (from 30 min to 120 min). The effects of the pretreatments on the composition of wood chips were determined by ATR infrared spectroscopy. The spectral data were compared to those determined by common wood chemistry analyses to evaluate the suitability of ATR spe…

0106 biological scienceshydrolyysiHot TemperatureSoftwoodkemiadilute acidinfrapunatekniikka02 engineering and technologyesikäsittelychemistrycomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesATR spectroscopyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysismassanvalmistus010608 biotechnologySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredHardwoodLigninOrganic chemistrySample preparationBiomassCelluloseCelluloseautohydrolysisInstrumentationChemical compositionta116SpectroscopyHydrolysistechnology industry and agricultureSulfuric acidSulfuric Acidspretreatment021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyinfrared technologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsRefuse Disposalchemistryliuotus0210 nano-technologyAcidspuu (luonnonmateriaalit)Nuclear chemistrywoodSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
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How to reach optimal estimates of confidence intervals in microscopic counting of phytoplankton?

2021

Abstract Present practices in the microscopic counting of phytoplankton to estimate the reliability of results rely on the assumption of a random distribution of taxa in sample preparations. In contrast to that and in agreement with the literature, we show that aggregated distribution is common and can lead to over-optimistic confidence intervals, if estimated according to the shortcut procedure of Lund et al. based on the number of counted cells. We found a good linear correlation between the distribution independent confidence intervals for medians and those for parametric statistics so that 95% confidence intervals can be approximated by using a correction factor of 1.4. Instead, the rec…

0106 biological sciencestilastomenetelmätSample (statistics)mikroskopiaAquatic Scienceluottamustasotdynamic counting010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesStatisticsAcademicSubjects/SCI00970laskeminenconfidence intervalsERROREcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsReliability (statistics)estimointiParametric statisticsMathematicsEcology010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyplanktonContrast (statistics)mikrolevätConfidence interval1181 Ecology evolutionary biologymicroscopyphytoplanktonOriginal ArticleLinear correlationJournal of Plankton Research
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Electrochemical polymerization of ambipolar carbonyl-functionalized indenofluorene with memristive properties

2019

Abstract Carbonyl-functionalized indenofluorene was electropolymerized with a high faradaic efficiency of 85% and the solid state properties of the resulting polymeric thin films were investigated. They displayed modular optical properties depending on their oxidation state. The approach used for inorganic semiconductors was applied to polyindeonofluorene derivative. Mott-Schottky analysis evidenced a switching from p-type to n-type electrical conduction, suggesting an ambipolar behaviour of the polymer. As an application, flexible organic memristors were fabricated and resistive switching properties were observed.

02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaOrganic memristorsInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOxidation stateElectrochemical polymerizationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThin filmSpectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationAmbipolar diffusionbusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryPolymerSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIndenofluorene derivatives Electrochemical polymerization Organic semiconductors Organic memristorsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOrganic semiconductorSemiconductorChemical engineeringchemistryOrganic semiconductors0210 nano-technologybusinessFaraday efficiencyDerivative (chemistry)Indenofluorene derivatives
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Electron Spin Resonance study of charge trapping in α-ZnMoO4 single crystal scintillator

2015

The origin and properties of electron and hole traps simultaneously appearing in a-ZnMoO4 scintillator after X-ray irradiation at low temperatures (T < 35 K) were studied by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR). ESR spectrum of the electron type trap shows pronounced superhyperfine structure due to the interaction of electron spin with nuclear magnetic moments of 95,97Mo and 67Zn lattice nuclei. Considering the nearly tetragonal symmetry of the center this allows us to identify the electron trap as an electron self-trapped at the (Mo(1)O4) 2 complex. Nearly 60% reduction of the spin–orbit coupling at the Mo(1) ion is caused by the overlap of the Mo and ligand oxygen orbitals indicating an essentia…

02 engineering and technologyElectronCharge trapsElectron Spin Resonance010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIonlaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryDelocalized electronTetragonal crystal systemAtomic orbitallawElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron paramagnetic resonanceSpectroscopyZinc molybdateChemistryOrganic ChemistryScintillator021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystal field theoryAtomic physics0210 nano-technologySingle crystalOptical Materials
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Plasmonic nanosensors reveal a height dependence of MinDE protein oscillations on membrane features

2018

6 p.-4 fig.

02 engineering and technologyEscherichia-coli010402 general chemistryCurvature01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysisQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesColloid and Surface ChemistryNanosensorSpectroscopyPlasmonPhospholipidsHydrophobic residuesPlasmonic nanoparticlesChemistryScatteringSensorsGeneral ChemistryBinding021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesMembraneMembrane curvatureChemical physics0210 nano-technology
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Effect of high hydrostatic pressure on extraction of B-phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum: Use of confocal microscopy and image processing

2019

International audience; The aim of the study was to extract B-phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum while preserving its structure. The high hydrostatic pressure treatments were chosen as extraction technology. Different methods have been used to observe the effects of the treatment: spectrophotometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy followed by image processing analysis. Image processing led to the generation of masks used for the identification of three clusters: intra, extra and intercellular. All methods showed that high hydrostatic pressure treatments between 50 and 500 MPa failed to extract B-phycoerythrin from Porphyridium cruentum cells. The fluorescence emission was negati…

020209 energyHydrostatic pressurePorphyridium cruentumExtraction02 engineering and technologylaw.invention0404 agricultural biotechnologyHigh hydrostatic pressureImage processingConfocal microscopylawSpectrophotometry0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineDenaturation (biochemistry)Confocal laser scanning microscopyB-phycoerythrinmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyChemistryExtraction (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classification040401 food scienceFluorescencePorphyridium cruentumbiology.proteinBiophysicsAgronomy and Crop SciencePhycoerythrin[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
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Modelling IR Spectra of Sulfonated Polyether Ether Ketone (SPEEK) Membranes for Fuel Cells

2020

Authors acknowledge support from LSC project No 2014/666 ERDF and students ( ) support from project 2DP/2.1.1.1.0/14/APIA/VIAA/009.

020209 energyMechanical EngineeringProton Conducting MembranesInfrared spectroscopySulfonated Poly(Ether Ether Ketone)02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology7. Clean energyATR-IR spectraPolyether ether ketonechemistry.chemical_compoundMembranechemistryMechanics of MaterialsPolymer chemistry:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Theoretical IR spectra0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFuel cellsGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyKey Engineering Materials
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II) Wood pellets for home heating can be considered environmentally friendly fuels? Heavy metals determination by inductively coupled plasma-optical …

2016

Abstract The aim of the present study was to determine the concentrations of twelve potentially hazardous elements in wood pellet ashes obtained by the combustion of 13 pellet brands for sale in Italy, the impact of adding the ashes to soils and health risk of operator due to dust exposure. Samples were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. The concentrations of heavy metals in ashes from stoves ranged from 0.41 to 7.2 mg kg − 1 for As, from 1.3 to 12 mg kg − 1 for Sb, from 1.8 to 12 mg kg − 1 for Zn, from 0.23 to 0.8 mg kg − 1 for Pb, from 0.18 to 2.8 mg kg − 1 for Ni, from 0.09 to 1.0 mg kg − 1 for Cd, from 0.46 to 3.4 mg kg − 1 for Cr, from 0.94 to 2.7 mg …

020209 energyPelletschemistry.chemical_elementCombustion02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesCombustion01 natural sciencesSettore CHIM/12 - Chimica Dell'Ambiente E Dei Beni CulturaliAnalytical ChemistryPelletPellet0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaSpectroscopy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCadmiumStoveMetalMetallurgyWood ashWoodchemistryMetalsStoveInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyEnvironmental scienceInductively coupled plasma
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Experimental Investigation into the Effect of Pyrolysis on Chemical Forms of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge Biochar (SSB), with Brief Ecological Risk …

2021

Experimental investigations were carried out to study the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the characteristics, structure and total heavy metal contents of sewage sludge biochar (SSB). The changes in chemical forms of the heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd) caused by pyrolysis were analyzed, and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in biochar (SSB) was evaluated. The conversion of sewage sludge into biochar by pyrolysis reduced the H/C and O/C ratios considerably, resulting in stronger carbonization and a higher degree of aromatic condensation in biochar. Measurement results showed that the pH and specific surface area of biochar increased as the pyrolysis temperature increa…

020209 energyecological risk assessment02 engineering and technology010501 environmental scienceslcsh:Technology01 natural sciencesArticleMetalSpecific surface areaBiochar0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:Microscopyheavy metalslcsh:QC120-168.850105 earth and related environmental scienceslcsh:QH201-278.5sewage sludgelcsh:TCarbonizationChemistryBCR sequential extractionHeavy metalspyrolysisBioavailabilityVDP::Teknologi: 500lcsh:TA1-2040visual_artEnvironmental chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumlcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971PyrolysisSludgeMaterials
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Real time UAV altitude, attitude and motion estimation from hybrid stereovision

2012

International audience; Knowledge of altitude, attitude and motion is essential for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle during crit- ical maneuvers such as landing and take-off. In this paper we present a hybrid stereoscopic rig composed of a fisheye and a perspective camera for vision-based navigation. In contrast to classical stereoscopic systems based on feature matching, we propose methods which avoid matching between hybrid views. A plane-sweeping approach is proposed for estimating altitude and de- tecting the ground plane. Rotation and translation are then estimated by decoupling: the fisheye camera con- tributes to evaluating attitude, while the perspective camera contributes to estimating t…

0209 industrial biotechnologyMatching (statistics)Computer scienceUAVComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMSStereoscopy02 engineering and technologyTranslation (geometry)law.inventionMotion020901 industrial engineering & automationArtificial IntelligenceInertial measurement unitlawMotion estimation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Hybrid stereovisionComputer visionComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSAltitude (triangle)business.industryAltitude[ INFO.INFO-RB ] Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAttitude020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessRotation (mathematics)Embedded CAutonomous Robots
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