Search results for "Cost-effectivene"

Options pour une allocation coût-efficace des ressources

2006

06043; L'analyse coût-efficace de la qualité de l'éducation cherche à identifier la relation entre, d'une part, les moyens et les modes d'organisation scolaire et, d'autre part, les résultats obtenus. C'est cette relation que nous examinons dans ce chapitre, organisé en trois grandes sections. La première fixe le cadre financier général de la politique éducative et étudie la manière dont les problématiques liées à la qualité des services offerts s'y inscrivent. La deuxième s'attache de façon plus spécifique aux facteurs de l'organisation scolaire, en mettant en regard leur impact sur les acquis des élèves et leur coût et en examinant les options possibles pour leur mise en oeuvre et leur co…

Optimizing diagnostic algorithms to advance Hepatitis C elimination in Italy: A cost effectiveness evaluation

2021

Objectives: Optimized diagnostic algorithms to detect active infections are crucial to achieving HCV elimination. We evaluated the cost effectiveness and sustainability of different algorithms for HCV active infection diagnosis, in a context of a high endemic country for HCV infection. Methods: A Markov disease progression model, simulating six diagnostic algorithms in the birth cohort 1969‐1989 over a 10‐year horizon from a healthcare perspective was used. Conventionally diagnosis of active HCV infection is through detection of antibodies (HCV‐Ab) detection followed by HCV‐RNA or HCV core antigen (HCV‐Ag) confirmatory testing either on a second sample or by same sample reflex testing. The …

2019

Background Congenital Toxoplasmosis (CT) can have severe consequences. France, Austria, and Slovenia have prenatal screening programs whereas some other countries are considering universal screening to reduce congenital transmission and severity of infection in children. The efficiency of such programs is debated increasingly as seroprevalence among pregnant women and incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis show a steady decrease. In addition, uncertainty remains regarding the effectiveness of pre- and postnatal treatments. Method To identify cost-effective strategies, prenatal and neonatal screenings were compared using a decision-analytic model based on French guidelines and current knowled…

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Stress Ulcer Bleeding Prophylaxis with Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2 Receptor Antagonists

2012

Abstract Objectives Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) present varying pharmacological efficacy in preventing stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) in intensive care units. The literature also reports disparate rates of ventilator-assisted pneumonia (VAP) as side effects of these treatments. We compared the cost-effectiveness of these two prophylactic pharmacological options. Methods We constructed a decision tree with a 60-day time horizon for patients at high risk for developing SUB, receiving either PPIs or H2RAs. For each treatment strategy, patients could be in one of three states of health: SUB, VAP, or no complication. Contemporary, clinically relevant probabilit…

Tools for education : policy analysis

2003

03125http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/06/000094946_03052904033567/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf; This hands-on, interactive guide to evaluating and revamping education policy is designed to help policymakers in low-income countries identify weakness and make the most efficient use of scarce education resources. Education specialist in the developed world will also find this guide to be an invaluable tool for analyzing priorities and arriving at cost-effective solutions. The out-growth of training workshops held at the World Bank, this book and CD-ROM present relevant policy problems and engage the user in a search for effective education-service delivery o…

A Bayesian cost-effectiveness analysis of a telemedicine-based strategy for the management of sleep apnoea: a multicentre randomised controlled trial

2015

Background Compliance with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is essential in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but adequate control is not always possible. This is clinically important because CPAP can reverse the morbidity and mortality associated with OSA. Telemedicine, with support provided via a web platform and video conferences, could represent a cost-effective alternative to standard care management. Aim To assess the telemedicine impact on treatment compliance, cost-effectiveness and improvement in quality of life (QoL) when compared with traditional face-to-face follow-up. Methods A randomised controlled trial was performed to compare a telemedicine-bas…

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Different Testing Strategies that Use Antibody Levels to Detect Chronic Hepatitis C in Blood Donors.

2016

Aim. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of seven hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing strategies in blood donors. Methods. Three of the seven strategies were based on HCV diagnosis and reporting guidelines in Mexico and four were from previous and current recommendations outlined by the CDC. The strategies that were evaluated determine antibody levels according to the signal-to-cut-off (S/CO) ratio and use reflex Immunoblot (IMB) or HCV RNA tests to confirm true positive (TP) cases of chronic HCV infection. Costs were calculated from the perspective of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS). A decision tree model was developed to estimate the expected number of true positive cas…

Cost-effectiveness of zofenopril in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction: a post hoc analysis of SMI…

2013

Claudio Borghi,1 Ettore Ambrosioni,1 Stefano Omboni,2 Arrigo FG Cicero,1 Stefano Bacchelli,1 Daniela Degli Esposti,1 Salvatore Novo,3 Dragos Vinereanu,4 Giuseppe Ambrosio,5 Giorgio Reggiardo,6 Dario Zava7 1Unit of Internal Medicine, Policlinico S Orsola, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 2Italian Institute of Telemedicine, Varese, Italy; 3Division of Cardiology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 4University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; 5Division of Cardiology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; 6Mediservice, Milano, Italy; 7Istituto Lusofarmaco d'Italia SpA, Peschiera Borromeo, Italy Background: In SMILE-4 (the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-term…

Refraktiver Nutzen und inkrementelle Kosten der LASIK: Ergebnisse einer Kosten-Nutzen-Studie an zwei universitären LASIK-Zentren

2003

BACKGROUND No data is available to date on the cost effectiveness of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with regard to the German-speaking health care system. Hence we compared the clinical outcome and cost data of two German LASIK centres in respect of procedure cost effectiveness from the patient perspective. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was implemented at the University Hospitals of Mainz and Mannheim. Data on refractive outcome were obtained from the LASIK centres' patient documentation, cost data on the surgery as well as on eyeglasses etc. before and after the surgery were obtained from patient interviews. The primary endpoint of this investigation was the indiv…

The quality of reporting methods and results of cost-effectiveness analyses in Spain: a methodological systematic review

2016

Open Access; Open Peer Review.-- et al.