Search results for "Crystal"

showing 10 items of 22886 documents

Reduced temperature sensitivity of multicrystalline silicon solar cells with low ingot resistivity

2016

This study presents experimental data on the reduction of temperature sensitivity of multicrystalline silicon solar cells made from low resistivity ingot. The temperature coefficients of solar cells produced from different ingot resistivities are compared, and the advantages of increasing the net doping are explained.

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceTemperature sensitivityintegumentary systemSiliconDopingMetallurgytechnology industry and agriculturefood and beverageschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMonocrystalline siliconReduced propertieschemistryElectrical resistivity and conductivity0103 physical sciencesIngot0210 nano-technologySensitivity (electronics)2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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Application of enthalpy model for floating zone silicon crystal growth

2017

Abstract A 2D simplified crystal growth model based on the enthalpy method and coupled with a low-frequency harmonic electromagnetic model is developed to simulate the silicon crystal growth near the external triple point (ETP) and crystal melting on the open melting front of a polycrystalline feed rod in FZ crystal growth systems. Simulations of the crystal growth near the ETP show significant influence of the inhomogeneities of the EM power distribution on the crystal growth rate for a 4 in floating zone (FZ) system. The generated growth rate fluctuations are shown to be larger in the system with higher crystal pull rate. Simulations of crystal melting on the open melting front of the pol…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceTriple pointPhysics::OpticsCrystal growth02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsInorganic ChemistryCrystalMonocrystalline siliconCrystallographyCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryLaser-heated pedestal growthCrystalliteGrowth rate0210 nano-technologySeed crystalJournal of Crystal Growth
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Reducing the Schottky barrier height at the MoSe2/Mo(110) interface in thin-film solar cells: Insights from first-principles calculations

2016

Abstract We report on first-principles calculations of the properties of the MoSe2/Mo(110) interface. Due to mismatch between the lattice parameters of the two structures, different patterns can form at the interface. We have studied the formation energy and the band alignment of six patterns for the MoSe2 (0001)/Mo(110) interface and one pattern for the MoSe2 (11 2 0)/Mo(110) interface. The MoSe2 (11 2 0)/Mo(110) interface is more stable than the MoSe 2 (0001)/Mo(110) interface and in contrast to MoSe2 (0001)/Mo(110), no Schottky barrier forms at MoSe2 (11 2 0)/Mo(110). Doping with Na modifies the band alignment at the interfaces. The Schottky barrier height decreases, provided that a Na a…

010302 applied physicsMaterials science[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]Schottky barriercu(InDopingMetals and Alloys02 engineering and technologySurfaces and InterfacesInterface[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyGa)Se 2MoSe2/Mo(110)Lattice (order)0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryThin film solar cellThin-film solar cell0210 nano-technologySchottky barrier
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Emerging blue-UV luminescence in cerium doped YAG nanocrystals

2016

Physica status solidi / Rapid research letters 10(6), 475 - 479(2016). doi:10.1002/pssr.201600041

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryDopingchemistry.chemical_elementSynchrotron radiationPhosphor02 engineering and technologyScintillator021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences530CeriumchemistryNanocrystal0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials Scienceddc:5300210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescence
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Current Spreading Length and Injection Efficiency in ZnO/GaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

2019

We report on carrier injection features in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on nonintentionally doped-ZnO/p-GaN heterostructures. These LEDs consist of a ZnO layer grown by chemical-bath deposition (CBD) onto a p-GaN template without using any seed layer. The ZnO layer (~1- $\mu \text{m}$ thickness) consists of a dense collection of partially coalesced ZnO nanorods, organized in wurtzite phase with marked vertical orientation, whose density depends on the concentration of the solution during the CBD process. Due to the limited conductivity of the p-GaN layer, the recombination in the n-region is strongly dependent on the spreading length of the holes, ${L}_{h}$ , coming from the p-contact…

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryGallium nitrideHeterojunction01 natural sciencesSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesElectrodeOptoelectronicsNanorodChemical-bath deposition (CBD) contact injection current spreading length zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods ZnO/GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) ZnO/GaN heterostructures.Electrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessWurtzite crystal structureLight-emitting diodeDiode
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Guiding and splitting Lamb waves in coupled-resonator elastic waveguides

2018

Abstract We investigate experimentally Lamb wave propagation in coupled-resonator elastic waveguides (CREWs) formed by a chain of cavities in a two-dimensional phononic crystal slab with cross holes. Wide complete bandgaps, extending from 53 to 88 kHz, are first measured in a finite phononic crystal slab sample. A straight waveguide and a wave splitting circuit with 90° bends are then designed, fabricated and measured. Elastic Lamb waves are excited by a piezoelectric patch attached to one side of the phononic slab and detected using a scanning vibrometer. Strongly confined guiding and splitting at waveguide junctions are clearly observed for several guided waves. Numerical simulations are …

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPiezoelectricitylaw.inventionCrystalResonatorLamb wavesOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Ceramics and CompositesSlab0210 nano-technologybusinessLaser Doppler vibrometerWaveguideCivil and Structural EngineeringComposite Structures
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Experimental and numerical investigation of laboratory crystal growth furnace for the development of model-based control of CZ process

2019

Abstract The presented study is focused on laboratory Czochralski crystal growth experiments and their mathematical modelling. The developed small-scale CZ crystal growth furnace is described as well as the involved automation systems: crystal radius detection by image recognition, temperature sensors, adjustable heater power and crystal pull rate. The CZ-Trans program is used to model the experimental results – transient, 2D axisymmetric simulation software primarily used for modelling of the industrial-scale silicon crystal growth process. Poor agreement with the experimental results is reached; however, the proven ability to perform affordable, small-scale experiments and successfully mo…

010302 applied physicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryProcess (computing)Mechanical engineeringCrystal growth02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicscomputer.software_genreProcess automation system01 natural sciencesAutomationSimulation softwareInorganic ChemistryCrystalMonocrystalline silicon0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryTransient (oscillation)0210 nano-technologybusinesscomputerJournal of Crystal Growth
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Comparative study of the luminescence properties of macro- and nanocrystalline MgO using synchrotron radiation

2013

MgO nano-powder with an average crystallite size of nanoparticles ranging 10-15 nm was synthesized using the extractive-pyrolytic method and was studied by room temperature VUV spectroscopy under synchrotron radiation excitation. Comparative analysis of their luminescent properties with that of mac- rocrystalline powder analogues and an MgO single crystal, grown by the arc-fusion method, has been per- formed under excitation by pulsed VUV synchrotron radiation. Special attention was paid to VUV spectral range, which is not reachable with commonly used lamp and laser sources. A considerable blue shift of about 0.3 eV in the excitation spectra of 2.95 eV emission band, was revealed in nanocry…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistrySynchrotron radiation02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaser01 natural sciencesNanocrystalline materiallaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesddc:530Crystallite0210 nano-technologyLuminescenceSpectroscopyInstrumentationSingle crystalExcitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Creation and thermal annealing of structural defects in neutron-irradiated MgAl 2 O 4 single crystals

2018

Abstract Several novel hole-type defects (a hole localized at a regular oxygen ion near a negatively charged structural defect) have been revealed in fast neutron irradiated MgAl2O4 crystals using the EPR method. The pulse annealing of the EPR signal of these centers was compared to that of radiation induced optical absorption in the same crystals. Taking into account the determined models of V1, V2 and V22 paramagnetic centers, the tentative scenario of the thermal annealing process of neutron-induced defects (hole-type and complementary electron F-type ones) is proposed. In addition, one more paramagnetic hole center consisting of an Al|Mg as-grown antisite defect near an aluminum vacancy…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenachemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyElectron021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographyParamagnetismchemistrylawAluminiumVacancy defect0103 physical sciencesNeutronIrradiation0210 nano-technologyElectron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Atomic structure of manganese-doped yttrium orthoaluminate

2018

Abstract Using hybrid exchange-correlation functional within density functional theory we have performed first-principle total energy calculations of Mn-doped yttrium orthoaluminate (YAlO3). Its equilibrium atomic structure has been predicted through optimization of coordinates of all atoms using a supercell approach. In our research both Mn3+ and Mn2+ ions have been substituted for the host alumina atom at orthorhombic Pbnm unit cell of YAlO3. F-center has been implemented as charge-compensating defect in case, when Mn2+ dopant is under study. In this study we thoroughly analyze the atomic displacements in seven nearest to Mn ion coordination spheres. Insertion of isoelectronic substitutio…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceCoordination sphereDopantchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyYttrium021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesCrystallographic defectCrystallographychemistryOctahedron0103 physical sciencesAtomOrthorhombic crystal systemDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologyInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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