Search results for "Crystallin"

showing 10 items of 827 documents

Generalised syntheses of ordered mesoporous oxides: the atrane route

2000

Abstract A new simple and versatile technique to obtain mesoporous oxides is presented. While implying surfactant-assisted formation of mesostructured intermediates, the original chemical contribution of this approach lies in the use of atrane complexes as precursors. Without prejudice to their inherent unstability in aqueous solution, the atranes show a marked inertness towards hydrolysis. Bringing kinetic factors into play, it becomes possible to control the processes involved in the formation of the surfactant–inorganic phase composite micelles, which constitute the elemental building blocks of the mesostructures. Independent of the starting compositional complexity, both the mesostructu…

Aqueous solutionMaterials scienceGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsMicellechemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringAtranechemistryPhase (matter)Organic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceTexture (crystalline)PorosityMesoporous materialSol-gelSolid State Sciences
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Chemical heterogeneities in nanometric titanomagnetites prepared by soft chemistry and studied ex situ : evidence for fe-segregation and oxidation ki…

2001

Nanocrystalline Fe-based spinels with composition Fe3-xTixO4 are synthesized using soft chemistry. Two steps are involved:  precipitation in an aqueous solution followed by thermal annealing under a reducing mixture of N2/H2/H2O gases. Fe-segregation is found inside stoichiometric particles when the powders are studied ex situ; they exhibit a strong surface iron enrichment. This heterogeneity is related to kinetic effects linked to the difference of mobility between Fe2+ and Ti4+ cations during the partial oxidation of cations occurring ex situ. Stresses in the grains induced by oxidation govern the oxidation kinetics and lead to an abrupt compositional variation inside each particle. These…

Aqueous solutionMaterials sciencePrecipitation (chemistry)Analytical chemistry02 engineering and technology[SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSoft chemistryNanocrystalline material0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and Films[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/MaterialsX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyMaterials ChemistryParticlePartial oxidationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyStoichiometryComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Structural Characterization of Zirconia Nanoparticles Prepared by Microwave-Hydrothermal Synthesis

2009

Nanocrystalline zirconia powders have been prepared by microwave-hydrothermal synthesis starting from aqueous solution of ZrOCl2·8H2O. Results of investigations on the aqueous suspension stability of the washed zirconia nanopowders by dynamic light scattering showed that the suspension, constituted by superaggregates of nanoparticles (131 ± 10 nm), was stable up to 15 days. Nanopowders were investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and small angle x-ray scattering measurements which proved that the zirconia nanopowder is constituted by small primary nanoparticles of ca. 8 nm that agglomerate forming bigger aggregates of 50 ± 1 nm.

Aqueous solutionMaterials sciencenanostructurePolymers and PlasticsElectron microscopy; nanostructures; oxides; surface propertiesSmall-angle X-ray scatteringNanoparticleMineralogyNanocrystalline materialSurfaces Coatings and FilmsDynamic light scatteringChemical engineeringTransmission electron microscopynanostructuresoxidesElectron microscopyHydrothermal synthesissurface propertiesCubic zirconiaoxidePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Dispersion Science and Technology
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Superficial defects induced by argon and oxygen bombardments on (110) TiO2 surfaces

1998

Abstract Compositional and chemical changes of titanium dioxide monocrystalline surfaces induced by bombardment with 4 keV argon and oxygen ions have been studied by AES, XPS and AFM. Argon ion bombardment induced strong changes in the composition and chemical state of the surface: loss of oxygen due to preferential sputtering occurred, and, related to this, Ti4+ species were reduced to Ti3+ and Ti2+. During oxygen bombardment, competition between preferential sputtering of oxygen ions of the oxide surface and oxygen implantation was observed. This phenomenon was found to be strongly dependent upon the incidence angle of the oxygen ions. Moreover, an oxygen bombardment with normal incidence…

ArgonOxidechemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsPhotochemistryOxygenSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMonocrystalline siliconCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceChemical statechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyPhysics::Plasma PhysicsSputteringTitanium dioxideMaterials Chemistrysense organsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsNuclear chemistrySurface Science
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2019

Abstract. We present the laboratory results of immersion freezing efficiencies of cellulose particles at supercooled temperature ( T) conditions. Three types of chemically homogeneous cellulose samples are used as surrogates that represent supermicron and submicron ice-nucleating plant structural polymers. These samples include microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), fibrous cellulose (FC) and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). Our immersion freezing dataset includes data from various ice nucleation measurement techniques available at 17 different institutions, including nine dry dispersion and 11 aqueous suspension techniques. With a total of 20 methods, we performed systematic accuracy and precis…

Atmospheric ScienceMaterials science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesNanocrystalline materialMicrocrystalline cellulosechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySpectral slopeIce nucleusCellulose0210 nano-technologySupercoolingDispersion (chemistry)Order of magnitude0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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Microstructural evolution of wear-resistant FeCrB and FeCrNiCoB coating alloys during high-energy mechanical attrition

2008

Mechanical milling/attrition provides a convenient scope of simulating the microstructural changes encountered by wear-resistant coating alloys subjected to deformation under high frequency and high-intensity impact loading or accelerated wear condition. In the present study, the microstructural evolution of two commercial coating materials, FeCrB (Armacor M) and FeCrNiCoB (Armacor C), in the course of low- and high-intensity mechanical attrition, was monitored by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. While low-intensity milling leads to marginal grain refinement but no change in phase-aggregate in FeCrB, similar mechanical attrition causes boride precipita…

AusteniteMaterials scienceMetallurgyAlloySurfaces and Interfacesengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructureNanocrystalline materialSurfaces Coatings and FilmsAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoatingMechanics of MaterialsBorideMaterials ChemistryengineeringSolid solutionWear
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Spontaneous growth of 2D coordination polymers on functionalized ferromagnetic surfaces

2018

2D coordination polymers grow spontaneously on reactive surfaces due to surface oxidation. The growth process is observed in real time.

BILAYERSMaterials scienceSolucions polimèriquesChemistry MultidisciplinaryCOPPERchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMetalCrystallinitySELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERSMonolayerWATERMoleculeLamellar structureDEPOSITION[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]AlkylComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationScience & TechnologyPALLADIUMGeneral ChemistryPolymerQuímica021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemistrychemistryChemical engineeringvisual_artPhysical Sciencesvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCHAIN0210 nano-technologyCobaltINTERFACESBEHAVIORChemical Science
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Asphalt mixtures modified with basalt fibres for surface courses

2018

Abstract This paper shows the results of an experimental study concerning the effect of introduction of basalt fibres in asphalt mixtures for surface course, mainly with regard to those to be used in urban areas, for dedicated bus lanes. Surface layers, where tire-pavement interactions occur, have to provide different properties such as high friction (very important for users’ safety), stability, resistance to meteorological agents, and contribution to the overall pavement performances. Considering that basalt fibres provide considerable physical and mechanical properties and above all high abrasion resistance, scope of the study is to evaluate the effects of these fibres on mixtures proper…

BasaltMaterials scienceRut0211 other engineering and technologiesModulus02 engineering and technologySurface finishBuilding and ConstructionRutting resistance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFlatteningAsphalt mixtureAsphalt021105 building & constructionSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiGeneral Materials ScienceTexture (crystalline)Materials Science (all)Composite materialDeformation (engineering)0210 nano-technologySurface textureBasalt fibreCivil and Structural Engineering
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Surface plasmon propagation in metal nanowires

2012

Plasmonic circuitry is considered as a promising solution-effectivetechnology for miniaturizing and integrating the next generation ofoptical nano-devices. The realization of a practical plasmonic circuitry strongly depends on the complete understanding of the propagation properties of two key elements: surface plasmons and electrons. The critical part constituting the plasmonic circuitry is a waveguide which can sustain the two information-carriers simultaneously. Therefore, we present in this thesis the investigations on the propagation of surface plasmons and the co-propagation of surface plasmons and electrons in single crystalline metal nanowires. This thesis is therefore divided into …

Bias modulation[SPI.OTHER] Engineering Sciences [physics]/OtherWave vectorPlasmonic circuitryPropagation lengthElectrical failureSEM contaminationEffective indexPas de mot-clé en françaisLeaky radiation microscopyCo-propagation[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Surface plasmonPentagonal single crystalline nanowireContacted nanowire
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Solid state structural studies of five bile acid derivatives

2008

Five synthetically important bile acid derivatives have been characterized by 13 C CP-MAS, X-ray diffraction (both single crystal and powder), FTIR, and thermoanalytical (DSC and TG) methods. The crystallinity of all these derivatives is high, which can be deducted from the 13 C CP-MAS and powder X-ray diffraction data. Two of the compounds showed polymorphism, and one polymorph was structurally elucidated for both by comparing single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction data.

Bile acidmedicine.drug_classChemistryOrganic ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance crystallographyAnalytical ChemistryInorganic ChemistryCrystallinityCrystallographyPolymorphism (materials science)X-ray crystallographymedicineFourier transform infrared spectroscopyThermal analysisSingle crystalSpectroscopyJournal of Molecular Structure
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