Search results for "Crystallization"

showing 10 items of 774 documents

The effect of pH on polymorph formation of the pharmaceutically active compound tianeptine.

2012

The anti-depressant pharmaceutical tianeptine has been investigated to determine the dynamics of polymorph formation under various pH conditions. By varying the pH two crystalline polymorphs were isolated. The molecular and crystal structures have been determined to identify the two polymorphs. One polymorph is an amino carboxylic acid and the other polymorph is a zwitterion. In the solid state the tianeptine moieties are bonded through hydrogen bonds. The zwitterion was found to be less stable and transformed to the acid form. During this investigation an amorphous form was identified.

chemistry.chemical_classificationHydrogen bondChemistryThiazepinesCarboxylic acidPharmaceutical ScienceCrystal structureAntidepressive Agents TricyclicHydrogen-Ion Concentrationlaw.inventionAmorphous solidCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundX-Ray DiffractionlawActive compoundZwitterionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineTianeptineCrystallizationCrystallizationPowder Diffractionmedicine.drugInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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Synthesis and characterisation of polymeric manganese and zinc 5-hydroxyisophthalates

2001

Abstract The crystallisation of 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid with divalent Mn or with Mn or Zn and either 2,2-bipyridine (2,2-bipy) or pyridine-2-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl) gave solids of composition [Mn(C8H4O5)(H2O)3]·2H2O (1), [Mn(C8H4O5)(2,2′-bipy)]·H2O (2), [Mn2(C8H4O5)2(C8H7N3)2]·H2O (3) and [Zn(C8H4O5)(2,2′-bipy)] (4). Each compound has 1D co-ordinative chains that are connected by hydrogen bonds. Compounds 2–4 contain M2C2O4 rings with pseudo-chair geometries. The Mn atoms in 2 are coupled antiferromagnetically.

chemistry.chemical_classificationHydrogen bondMetallurgychemistry.chemical_elementZincManganeseCrystal structureHydrothermal circulationDivalentlaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistrylawMaterials ChemistryComposition (visual arts)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallizationPolyhedron
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Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of multifunctional, amphiphilic polyethers with cholesterol moieties.

2010

Langmuir films of multifunctional, hydrophilic polyethers containing a hydrophobic cholesterol group (Ch) were studied by surface pressure-mean molecular area (π-mmA) measurements and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). The polyethers were either homopolymers or diblock copolymers of linear poly(glycerol) (lPG), linear poly(glyceryl glycidyl ether) (lPGG), linear poly(ethylene glycol) (lPEG), or hyperbranched poly(glycerol) (hbPG). Surface pressure measurements revealed that the homopolymers lPG and hbPG did not stay at the water surface after spreading and solvent evaporation, in contrast to lPEG. Because of the incorporation of the Ch group in the polymer structure, stable Langmuir films wer…

chemistry.chemical_classificationLangmuirMaterials scienceEtherSurfaces and InterfacesPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsLangmuir–Blodgett filmlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawPolymer chemistryAmphiphileElectrochemistryCopolymerGeneral Materials ScienceCrystallizationEthylene glycolSpectroscopyLangmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
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Efficient Diffusion-Controlled Ligand Exchange Crystal Growth of Isostructural Inorganic–Organic Halogenidorhodates(III): The Missing Hexaiodidorhoda…

2015

The monohydrates of piperazine-1,4-diium hexabromidorhodate(III) bromide and hexaiodidorhodate(III) iodide were obtained by a diffusion-controlled ligand exchange crystal growth method using a hydrochloric acid solution of rhodium(III) chloride trihydrate and piperazine, dissolved in hydrobromic and hydroiodic acid, respectively, separated by a layer of hydrohalic acid. Both inorganic–organic hybrids are defined by the general formula (C4H12N2)2[RhX6]X·H2O (X = Br, 1 or I, 2). They both crystallize in the orthorhombic Pnma space group, and they are isostructural with an isostructurality index above 95%. The cationic building blocks—piperazine-1,4-diium ions and the inorganic components—slig…

chemistry.chemical_classificationLigandIodideInorganic chemistryHydrochloric acidGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryBromideMoleculeWater of crystallizationGeneral Materials ScienceOrthorhombic crystal systemIsostructuralCrystal Growth & Design
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Correction: Polymer-enforced crystallization of a eutectic binary hard sphere mixture

2017

Correction for 'Polymer-enforced crystallization of a eutectic binary hard sphere mixture' by Anna Kozina et al., Soft Matter, 2012, 8, 627-630.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceBinary numberThermodynamics02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionchemistrylawSoft matterCrystallization0210 nano-technologyEutectic systemSoft Matter
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Einfluss des polymerrückgrats auf eigenschaften von thermoplastischen elastomeren

1992

4-Urazoyl benzoic acid groups were statistically attached to various hydrocarbon elastomers, polar elastomers and partially crystalline polymers via a polymer-analogous reaction. DSC, FTIR, stress-strain experiments and dynamic-mechanical analysis were used to analyse whether these systems, analogous to functionalized polybutadienes, would form ordered supra-molecular structures of the polar side-groups that would lead to a thermoreversible crosslinking. While the structure formation is suppressed for elastomers with a large cross-sectional area of the chain (e.g. butyl rubber) or polar side-groups, (e.g. polychloroprene), the mechanical propertie can be controlled by balancing supermolecul…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceButyl rubberPolymerElastomerlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundNatural rubberchemistrylawvisual_artPolymer chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumGeneral Materials ScienceThermoplastic elastomerCrystallizationNitrile rubberBenzoic acidAngewandte Makromolekulare Chemie
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Correlations between Ion Conductivity and Polymer Dynamics in Hyperbranched Poly(ethylene oxide) Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2011

Poly(ethylene oxide)s with varying degrees of hyperbranching are effective at preventing the crystallization of PEO and lead to approximately a 100-fold increase in the Li-ion conductivity below 50 °C as compared with linear PEO. The Li-ion conductivities, which increase further upon permethylation of the hydroxyl termini, are found to correlate quantitatively with the fast segmental dynamics of PEO as measured by inelastic neutron scattering.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceEthylene oxideGeneral Chemical Engineeringtechnology industry and agricultureOxidechemistry.chemical_elementmacromolecular substancesGeneral ChemistryPolymerElectrolyteConductivitylaw.inventionIonchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringlawPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryLithiumCrystallizationChemistry of Materials
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Tuning the Properties of Photonic Films from Polymer Beads by Chemistry

2002

This paper describes the preparation of monodisperse colloids from various methacrylates. These colloids sediment well on glass slides and formin the dried statelarge three-dimensional face-centered cubic photonic crystal films with Bragg reflection in the visible region. Depending on crystallization conditions, the domain sizes vary between 50 and 300 μm. By cross-linking the polymer within the colloids, it is possible to increase the thermal stability of the polymeric photonic structure tremendously (up to 1 h at 200 °C). These photonic structures soften above Tg (rubbery photonic structure), but they cannot fuse. Cross-linked colloids from poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) can either thermal…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringDispersityGeneral ChemistryPolymerThermal treatmentMethacrylatelaw.inventionLattice constantChemical engineeringchemistrylawPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryThermal stabilityCrystallizationPhotonic crystalChemistry of Materials
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Metal Oxide/Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles with Versatile Functionality Prepared by Controlled Surface Crystallization

2012

Metal oxide/polymer hybrids are prepared from polystyrene nanoparticles functionalized at the surface with phosphonate and phosphate groups. The polymer particles are synthesized with specifically designed surface-active monomers (surfmers) and used as nucleation surfaces for the controlled in situ crystallization of cerium, iron, and zinc oxide nanocrystals. The formation of the metal oxide is driven by the addition of a base to suspensions of the polymer particles containing the corresponding precursor. The crystal formation at the particle surface is studied for the different hybrid systems by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The potential catalytic activity …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryOxideIron oxideNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundCeriumchemistryChemical engineeringlawElectrochemistryParticleCrystallizationSuperparamagnetismAdvanced Functional Materials
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Organic-Inorganic Hybrids: Metal Oxide/Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles with Versatile Functionality Prepared by Controlled Surface Crystallization (Adv.…

2013

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceInorganic chemistryOxideIron oxideNanoparticlechemistry.chemical_elementPolymerZincCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionBiomaterialsMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawvisual_artOrganic inorganicElectrochemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCrystallizationAdvanced Functional Materials
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