Search results for "Cyst"

showing 10 items of 1960 documents

γ-Glutamyl cysteine modulates the inflammatory response via protein phosphatases

2015

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that may lead to severe systemic complications. Cytokines and oxidative stress play a role in the early pathophysiological events of the disease. Previous studies have shown the antioxidant properties of γ-glutamyl cysteine (γ–GC), a metabolic precursor for the synthesis of glutathione. C57BL/6 mice were treated with cerulein (7 injections each with 50 μg/kg bw). To evaluate the effects of γ-GC, a group of mice with AP was treated with γ-GC (75 mg/kg bw) administered in two doses at 4 and 7 hours after the first cerulein injection. Plasma lipase activity was measured and histological studies were performed to c…

PhosphataseCystineProtein phosphatase 2GlutathioneProtein tyrosine phosphatasePharmacologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryProtein serine/threonine phosphatasechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryPhysiology (medical)medicineOxidative stressCysteineFree Radical Biology and Medicine
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Photochemically induced cross-links between DNA and alcohol dehydrogenase or salmine, respectively

1976

Model experiments with two structurally different proteins (alcohol dehydrogenase and salmine) show that glycine, alanine, and tyrosine are by far more frequently involved in photochemically induced cross-link formations with DNA than is cysteine. The yields for cross-link formation of thymidine with salmine (cysteine-free) are about as high as those with alcohol dehydrogenase (a thiol protein).

PhotochemistryBiophysicsAlcoholSalminechemistry.chemical_compoundPolydeoxyribonucleotidesCysteineProtaminesTyrosineGeneral Environmental ScienceAlcohol dehydrogenaseAlaninechemistry.chemical_classificationRadiationbiologyDNAGlutathioneAlcohol OxidoreductaseschemistryBiochemistryGlycineThiolbiology.proteinThymidineThymineThymidineCysteineRadiation and Environmental Biophysics
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Do Intestinal Unicellular Parasites Have a Role in the Inflammatory and Redox Status among the Severely Obese?

2022

The diagnosis of obesity comprises subjects with totally different phenotypes and metabolic profiles. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress derived from the white adipose tissue are suggested as the link between this disease and the development of insulin resistance and metabolic comorbidities. The presence of unicellular eukaryotic parasites colonizing the human gut ecosystem is a common circumstance, and yet their influence on the inflammatory and redox status of the obese host has not been assessed. Herein, a set of inflammatory and redox biomarkers were assessed together with a parasitological analysis of 97 severely obese subjects. Information was also collected on insulin resista…

PhysiologyClinical BiochemistryObesitatCell Biologyobesity; lipoinflammation; oxidative stress; antioxidant defense; <i>Blastocystis</i>; <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>; <i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i>; food antioxidantsMolecular BiologyBiochemistryAntioxidantsAntioxidants; Volume 11; Issue 11; Pages: 2090
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Thermostability of Two Cyanobacterial GrpE Thermosensors

2011

GrpE proteins act as co-chaperones for DnaK heat-shock proteins. The dimeric protein unfolds under heat stress conditions, which results in impaired interaction with a DnaK protein. Since interaction of GrpE with DnaK is crucial for the DnaK chaperone activity, GrpE proteins act as a thermosensor in bacteria. Here we have analyzed the thermostability and function of two GrpE homologs of the mesophilic cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP1. While in Synechocystis an N-terminal helix pair of the GrpE dimer appears to be the thermosensing domain and mainly mediates GrpE dimerization, the C-terminal four-helix bundle i…

PhysiologyMolecular Sequence DataProtein domainPlant SciencePlasma protein bindingCyanobacteriaProtein structureBacterial ProteinsHeat shock proteinEscherichia coliAmino Acid SequencePeptide sequenceHeat-Shock ProteinsThermostabilitySequence Homology Amino AcidbiologyProtein StabilityChemistryCircular DichroismGenetic Complementation TestSynechocystisSynechocystisTemperatureCell BiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationProtein Structure TertiaryCross-Linking ReagentsChaperone (protein)Biophysicsbiology.proteinbacteriaProtein MultimerizationProtein BindingPlant and Cell Physiology
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Similarities and singularities of three DnaK proteins from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803.

2010

In the genome of completely sequenced mesophilic cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 three DnaK proteins are encoded, which share a high degree of sequence identity in their N-terminal ATPase region as well as in the adjacent peptide-binding domain. However, as typical for DnaK proteins, the C-termini of the three Synechocystis proteins are highly diverse. To study the functions of the three Synechocystis DnaK proteins in more detail, we have analyzed the abundance of the individual proteins in Synechocystis cells as well as dnaK expression under various stress conditions. The presented results show that all three Synechocystis DnaK proteins interact with the same GrpE nucleotide exch…

Physiologygenetic processesAmino Acid MotifsMolecular Sequence DataSequence alignmentPlant SciencePlasma protein bindingBiologymedicine.disease_causeMicrobiologyConserved sequenceNucleotide exchange factorBacterial ProteinsStress PhysiologicalmedicineHSP70 Heat-Shock ProteinsAmino Acid SequencePeptide sequenceConserved SequenceHeat-Shock ProteinsMutationSynechocystisSynechocystisCell BiologyGeneral MedicineGene Expression Regulation Bacterialbiology.organism_classificationBiochemistrybiological sciencesMutationbacteriaSequence AlignmentFunction (biology)Protein BindingPlantcell physiology
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Urinary Arsenic Species and Methylation Efficiency During Pregnancy: Concentrations and Associated Factors in Spanish Pregnant Women

2021

Background: Arsenic (As) is considered to be toxic for humans, the main routes of exposure being through drinking water and the diet. Once ingested, inorganic arsenic can be methylated sequentially to monomethyl and dimethyl arsenicals. Several factors can affect both As exposure and methylation efficiency. Objectives: To describe the urinary concentrations of the different As species and evaluate the methylation effi-ciency during pregnancy, as well as their associated factors in a birth cohort of pregnant Spanish women. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 1017 pregnant women from two areas of Spain who had taken part in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) project (20…

Physiologyprenatal exposureUrine010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArsenicalschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinecohort studies030212 general & internal medicineseleniumGeneral Environmental Scienceeducation.field_of_studyzincfood and beveragesarsenic metabolismToxicityUS populationFemalepregnancyPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementfolateMethylationseafood intake03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumanseducationArsenic0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCreatininePregnancynational-healthbusiness.industryarsenictoxicityEnvironmental Exposurehomocysteinemedicine.diseaseone-carbon metabolismCross-Sectional StudieschemistrySpainexposurePregnant WomenArsenobetainebusinessBody mass index
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Tonnenkonkremente im Ductus choledochus bei einer 4 Jahre vergessenen, impaktierten Endoprothese

2006

We report on a 67-year-old female patient who presented in July 2005 with sudden onset of pain in the right upper abdomen. The patient had undergone cholecystectomy in 1987. Because of recurrrent complaints in the right upper abdomen, a pigtail stent was placed into the common hepatic duct in 2001. When the patients presented now, the laboratory tests including liver enzymes were within normal ranges. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiogi aphy, however, revealed a remaining 10-French, impacted double pigtail endoprothesis that was obstructed by sludge as well as multiple giant bile duct stones of 20 to 30 mm in size. The giant stones could be finally removed by the combined use of ESWL and endo…

Pigtailmedicine.medical_specialtyBile ductbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentCombined useGastroenterologyStentSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureCommon hepatic ductFemale patientmedicineCholecystectomybusinessSudden onsetZeitschrift für Gastroenterologie
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Autoimmune Hypophysitis

2014

Autoimmune hypophysitis is a chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland that can be classified according to anatomic location, histopathology, or cause. Location differentiates hypophysitis into adenohypophysitis, infundibulo-neurohypophysitis, or panhypophysitis depending on whether the clinical and radiological signs (and pathological findings if available) involve the anterior lobe, the posterior lobe and the stalk, or both structures. Histopathology identifies two main forms of hypophysitis, lymphocytic and granulomatous, as well as xanthomatous, IgG4 plasmacytic, and necrotizing variants. Etiology distinguishes primary and secondary hypophysitis. Primary hypophysitis refers to the cas…

Pituitary glandPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyGerminomaHypophysitisbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseCraniopharyngiomamedicine.anatomical_structureAutoimmune hypophysitismedicineEtiologyCystSarcoidosisbusiness
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Interstitial cystitis with plasma cell bladder infiltration: case report and literature review.

2010

We report the case of a 76 ys-old woman with overactive bladder syndrome, determined by an histological exam of interstitial cystitis with plasma cell infiltration. To the best of our knowledge, in literature only a similar case has been described. The patient has been treated with corticosteroid therapy allowing a transitory benefit; despite this fact, after side effects have been shown, this therapy has been interrupted leading to the worsening of the previous sintomatology. Therefore the patient has undergone to radical cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder. The phlogistic infiltration of the bladder wall is represented by the plasma cells for over 90% of the whole population. In a…

Plasma CellsCystitis InterstitialHumansFemaleHumanAgedArchivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica
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PEGYLATED POLYASPARTAMIDE–POLYLACTIDE BASED NANOPARTICLES PENETRATING CYSTIC FIBROSIS ARTIFICIAL MUCUS

2016

Here, the preparation of mucus-penetrating nanoparticles for pulmonary administration of ibuprofen in patients with cystic fibrosis is described. A fluorescent derivative of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide is synthesized by derivatization with rhodamine, polylactide, and poly(ethylene glycol), to obtain polyaspartamide− polylactide derivatives with different degrees of pegylation. Starting from these copolymers, fluorescent nanoparticles with different poly(ethylene glycol) content, empty and loaded with ibuprofen, showed spherical shape, colloidal size, slightly negative ζ potential, and biocompatibility toward human bronchial epithelial cells. The high surface poly(ethylene gly…

Polymers and PlasticsBiocompatibilityPolyestersαL-aspartamideNanoparticleBioengineeringIbuprofen02 engineering and technologyRespiratory Mucosa010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCell LinePolyethylene GlycolsBiomaterialsRhodaminecystic fibrosischemistry.chemical_compoundpolymeric nanoparticles cystic fibrosis αβ-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamideMaterials ChemistryCopolymerOrganic chemistryHumansDerivatizationβ-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-Dpolymeric nanoparticles; cystic fibrosis; α; β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D; L-aspartamide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMucus0104 chemical sciencesMucuspolymeric nanoparticleschemistrySettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoPEGylationNanoparticles0210 nano-technologyPeptidesEthylene glycolNuclear chemistry
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