Search results for "Cyst"
showing 10 items of 1960 documents
Distribution of homocysteine and cysteine in plasma lipoprotein fractions
2008
S-thiolation of plasma proteins have been detected in healthy humans, in patients with cardiovascular diseases and it is a recurrent phenomenon in oxidative stress elicited by reactive oxygen species. The low-molecular-weight aminothiols homocysteine (Hcy) and cysteine (Cys) can exist in the plasma either free or bound to thiol-combining groups, many of which are present in proteins (Pb), particularly albumin. Recent studies have demonstrated that also plasma lipoproteins (LP) are susceptible to form disulfide-linked products with Hcy and Cys and that the N-homocysteinylation is accompanied by structural and functional alteration and could increase the atherogenicity of LDL. However, the me…
Identification of a putative membrane-inserted segment in the alpha-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus.
1994
To gain a fuller understanding of the regions of the Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin important in pore formation, we have used Forster dipole-dipole energy transfer to demonstrate that a central glycine-rich region of alpha-toxin (the so-called "hinge" region) inserts deeply into the bilayer on association of toxin with liposomes. Mutant alpha-toxins with unique cysteine (C) residues at positions 69 and 130 [Palmer, M., et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 11959) were reacted with the C-specific fluorophore acrylodan, which acted as an energy donor. The chosen acceptor was N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-13- diazol-4-yl)-1,2-bis(hexadecanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamin e (NBD-PE). Measurement of t…
HCV infection is a risk factor for gallstone disease in liver cirrhosis: an Italian epidemiological survey
2007
We assessed the prevalence of gallbladder disease (i.e. gallstones plus cholecystectomy) among patients with liver disease and its association with the severity and aetiology of hepatic injury. Subjects, referred to 79 Italian hospitals, were enrolled in a 6-month period. The independent effect of the severity and aetiology of liver disease on gallstone disease prevalence was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Overall, 4867 subjects tested anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive alone, 839 were hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) alone, and 652 had an excessive alcohol intake. The prevalence of gallstone disease was 23.3% in anti-HCV-positive patients, 12.4% in HBsAg pos…
Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis
2005
The disease presentation of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (OMIM #263200, ARPKD) is highly variable and includes polycystic kidneys, pulmonary hypoplasia, and congenital hepatic fibrosis. The authors report an unusual case of ARPKD presenting with hepatosplenomegaly and cytopenia mimicking acute leukemia.
Uncommon imaging evolutions of focal liver lesions in cirrhosis.
2019
Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe and illustrate uncommon imaging evolutions of benign (i.e., cyst, hemangioma, focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules, and hepatic angiomyolipoma) and malignant (i.e., HCC and non HCC malignancies) lesions in a cirrhotic liver. The content highlights relevant pathogenesis and imaging clues for proper differential diagnosis. Revision of prior imaging and knowledge of these scenarios may help the abdominal radiologist to reach a noninvasive diagnosis and direct the patient to the most appropriate clinical management. Conclusion: Uncommon imaging evolutions of focal liver lesions in cirrhosis may represent a challenge for the abdominal radio…
Reduced mRNA abundance of the main enzymes involved in methionine metabolism in human liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma
2000
Abstract Background/Aims: It has been known for at least 50 years that alterations in methionine metabolism occur in human liver cirrhosis. However, the molecular basis of this alteration is not completely understood. In order to gain more insight into the mechanisms behind this condition, mRNA levels of methionine adenosyltransferase ( MAT1A ), glycine methyltransferase ( GNMT ), methionine synthase ( MS ), betaine homocysteine methyltransferase ( BHMT ) and cystathionine β-synthase ( CBS ) were examined in 26 cirrhotic livers, five hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and ten control livers. Methods: The expression of the above-mentioned genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR analy…
Congenital Cystic Lesions of the Bile Ducts: Imaging-Based Diagnosis
2020
Congenital cystic lesions of the bile ducts represent a spectrum of liver and biliary system lesions, resulting from abnormal embryologic development of the ductal plate. These disorders include Caroli disease, choledochal cysts, autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, and biliary hamartomas. Each disorder carries a peculiar clinical presentation, prognosis, and risk of complications. Knowledge of radiological findings of fibropolycystic liver diseases is crucial for their appropriate detection and for differential diagnosis with other similar hepatic cystic lesions, in order to avoid relevant misdiagnosis. The aim of this review is to provide an illustrati…
Effect of chest physiotherapy on cystic fibrosis sputum nanostructure: an experimental and theoretical approach.
2022
AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease characterized by the production of viscous mucoid secretions in multiple organs, particularly the airways. The pathological increase of proteins, mucin and biological polymers determines their arrangement into a three-dimensional polymeric network, affecting the whole mucus and impairing the muco-ciliary clearance which promotes inflammation and bacterial infection. Thus, to improve the efficacy of the drugs usually applied in CF therapy (e.g., mucolytics, anti-inflammatory and antibiotics), an in-depth understanding of the mucus nanostructure is of utmost importance. Drug diffusivity inside a gel-like system depends on the ratio between the diffusi…
Can PBDEs affect the pathophysiologic complex of epithelium in lung diseases?
2020
Brominated flame-retardant (BFRs) exposure promotes multiple adverse health outcomes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissues damage. We investigated BFR effects, known as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (47, 99 and 209) in an air-liquid-interface (ALI) airway tissue derived from A549 cell line, and compared with ALI culture of primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBEC). The cells, exposed to PBDEs (47, 99 and 209) (0.01-1 mu M) for 24 h, were studied for IL-8, Muc5AC and Muc5B (mRNAs and proteins) production, as well as NOX-4 (mRNA) expression. Furthermore, we evaluated tight junction (TJ) integrity by Trans-Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) measurements, …
Linfangioma cistico del digiuno a rapida crescita nell’adulto
2004
Abdominal cystic lymphangiomas are a rare pathology that are related to abnormal development of the lymphatic system. They predominate in a children and are very uncommon in adults. Here the authors report a case of a cystic intra-abdominal lymphangioma in a 64-years old woman in which the cyst was situated in the mesentery of the jejuneum, with rapid growth. Ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging led us to evaluate a cystic characterizations and his site. Surgical excision remain the treatment of choice because we can establish an histologic diagnosis. Complete surgical excision of cyst, although it can be difficult, consent a definitive healing.