Search results for "DPP-4"

showing 8 items of 8 documents

Cardiovascular outcomes trials with incretin-based medications: a critical review of data available on GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors

2020

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are so called “incretin-based therapies” (IBTs) that represent innovative therapeutic approaches and are commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) have provided useful information that has helped to shape changes in clinical practice guidelines for the management of T2DM. At the same time, the mechanisms that may explain the nonglycemic and cardiovascular (CV) benefits of these medications are still being explored. A summary of the main findings from CVOTs performed to-date with particular emphasis on vari…

0301 basic medicineendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismIncretin030209 endocrinology & metabolismClass effectBody weightCardiovascular SystemIncretinsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyInternal medicineType 2 diabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansIntensive care medicineGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptorDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitorsbusiness.industryDPP-4 Inhibitorsdigestive oral and skin physiologyType 2 Diabetes MellitusCardiovascular riskDPP4- inhibitorClinical Practice030104 developmental biologyCardiovascular DiseasesGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonistbusinessCardiovascular outcomesMetabolism
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Modulation of Diabetes by Natural Products and Medicinal Plants via Incretins

2019

Incretins are metabolic hormones released after a meal that increase insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. The two main incretins are the intestinal peptides glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Both induce a decrease in glycemia, slow down the absorption of nutrients, and are inactivated by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4. Recently, incretin-based therapies have become a useful tool to treat diabetic patients, and different studies have focused on the identification of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, including those of natural origin. This review focuses on the new findings of medicinal plants and natural products as possible active ag…

Enfermedad cardiovascularPharmaceutical SciencePharmacology01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistry//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]Tratamiento médicoDPP-4Drug DiscoveryReceptorchemistry.chemical_classificationGIPGLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1digestive oral and skin physiologyGlucagon-like peptide-1Diabetes mellitus tipo 2HomeopatíaINCRETINSMolecular MedicineCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAShormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsendocrine systemOtras Ciencias BiológicasIncretinIncretinsCiencias BiológicasDiabetes mellitusDiabetes MellitusmedicineAnimalsHumansHypoglycemic Agents//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https]Dipeptidyl peptidase-4PharmacologyBiological ProductsPlants MedicinalGuar gum010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryGLUCOSE-DEPENDENT INSULINOTROPIC POLYPEPTIDEmedicine.diseaseDIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-40104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryEnzymeComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryGLP-1PhytotherapyHormone
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Association between use of novel glucose-lowering drugs and COVID-19 hospitalization and death in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide registr…

2022

Abstract Aims Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is associated with a worse prognosis. We separately investigated the associations between the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), and the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death. Methods and results Patients with T2DM registered in the Swedish National Patient Registry and alive on 1 February 2020 were included. ‘Incident severe COVID-19’ was defined as the first hospitalization and/or death from COVID-19. A modified Poisson regression approach was applied to a 1:1 propensity sc…

HospitalizationDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsGlucoseDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide 1COVID-19 Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Hospitalization Mortality Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitorsHumansCOVID-19Pharmacology (medical)RegistriesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
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The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin improves the primary diabetic complications in ZDF rats

2017

Hyperglycemia associated with inflammation and oxidative stress is a major cause of vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Recent data reports that a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), empagliflozin (Jardiance®), ameliorates glucotoxicity via excretion of excess glucose in urine (glucosuria) and significantly improves cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The overarching hypothesis is that hyperglycemia and glucotoxicity are upstream of all other complications seen in diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of empagliflozin on glucotoxicity, β-cell function, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothel…

Male0301 basic medicineendocrine system diseasesDiabetic CardiomyopathiesFPS-ZM1 RAGE inhibitorClinical BiochemistryAorta ThoracicRAGE receptor for AGEICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule-1ECL enhanced chemiluminescence030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDPP-4 dipeptidyl peptidase-4medicine.disease_causeTNF-α tumor necrosis factor-αBiochemistryeNOS endothelial •NO synthase (type 3)0302 clinical medicineGlucosidesecSOD extracellular superoxide dismutaseInsulin-Secreting CellsCCL-2 see MCP-1HyperlipidemiaHyperinsulinemiaGTN glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin)IFN-γ interferon-γDHE dihydroethidineEndothelial dysfunctionEndothelial dysfunctionIL-6 interleukin-6lcsh:QH301-705.5HO-1 heme oxygenase-1lcsh:R5-920ICAM-1NG normoglycemiaDiabetesNox catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidaseSGLT2 inhibitorβ-cell contentL-012 8-amino-5-chloro-7-phenylpyrido[34-d]pyridazine-14-(2H3H)dione sodium saltChIP chromatin immunoprecipitationC-Reactive ProteinCRP C-reactive proteinAGE advanced glycation end productsHbA1c glycohemoglobinlcsh:Medicine (General)Research PaperZucker diabetic fatty ratsmedicine.medical_specialtyDMSO dimethylsulfoxideMCP-1 monocyte-chemoattractant-protein-1qRT-PCR quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactionZDF Zucker diabetic fatty (rat)Low-grade inflammation03 medical and health sciencesROS reactive oxygen speciesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2Physiology (medical)Internal medicineDiabetes mellitusPKC protein kinase CEmpagliflozinmedicineAnimalsHypoglycemic AgentsBenzhydryl CompoundsCOX2 cyclooxygenase-2SGLT2i SGLT2 inhibitorSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsGlycated HemoglobinACh acetylcholinebusiness.industryOrganic Chemistrynutritional and metabolic diseasesType 2 Diabetes Mellitusmedicine.diseaseH2K9me2 histone3 lysine9 dimethylationRatsRats ZuckerDHFR dihydrofolate reductaseSGLT2 sodium-glucose co-transporter-2Oxidative StresssGC soluable guanylyl cyclaseGlucose030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologylcsh:Biology (General)ALDH-2 mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenaseEndothelium VascularAGE/RAGE signalingHG hyperglycemiabusinessOxidative stressRedox Biology
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RESUMEN EJECUTIVO DEL CONSENSO DE EXPERTOS SOBRE LA EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD DE LOS iDPP-4 EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE PACIENTES CON DIABETES Y COVID-19

2021

Resumen Antecedentes El objetivo de este consenso es esclarecer el papel de los iDPP-4 en el manejo de los pacientes con diabetes durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Material y metodos Se llevo a cabo una busqueda bibliografica en PubMed (diciembre 2019-febrero de 2021). Se empleo la metodologia Oxford y se establecieron de forma consensuada posibles recomendaciones. Resultados La diabetes parece ser un factor independiente en la enfermedad de COVID-19 (evidencia 2b). No se demuestra mayor riesgo de contagio con iDPP-4 (evidencia 2b), y su uso ha demostrado ser seguro (evidencia 2b). Los iDPP-4 pueden presentar un cierto beneficio en la reduccion de la mortalidad, particularmente su uso intra…

Nutrition and DieteticsdiabetesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismAntidiabetic drugsDiabetesCOVID-19antidiabetic drugsiDPP-4mortalityArticleEndocrinologymortalidadMortalityfármacos antidiabéticosEndocrinologia, Diabetes Y Nutricion
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Glucose lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of incretin-based therapies: GLP-1 analogues and DPP-4-inhibitors

2009

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, progressive disease with a multi-faceted pathophysiology. Beyond the known defects of insulin resistance and beta-cell insufficiency, derangement of incretin hormones normally produced from the gut wall in response to food intake play an important role. In recent years, the 'incretin-based' therapies (IBTs) have been developed to address hyperglycemia through either mimicking the action of the endogenous incretin glucagon-like polypeptide (GLP-1) (GLP-1 receptor agonists) or by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme that degrades GLP-1 (the dipeptyl peptidase-4 inhibitors).We reviewed available evidence on the glucose lowering and anti-atherogenic effects of IBT…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyDipeptidyl Peptidase 410265 Clinic for Endocrinology and DiabetologyIncretin610 Medicine & healthType 2 diabetesCarbohydrate metabolismIncretinsInsulin resistancecardiovascular risk diabetes DPP-4 inhibitors GLP-1 analoguesGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Risk FactorsInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsHumans2736 Pharmacology (medical)Pharmacology (medical)Dipeptidyl peptidase-4PharmacologyClinical Trials as TopicDipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitorsbusiness.industrydigestive oral and skin physiologyGeneral MedicineAtherosclerosismedicine.diseaseGlucose3004 PharmacologyEndocrinologyPostprandialDiabetes Mellitus Type 2aterosclerosibusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsHormoneExpert Opinion on Investigational Drugs
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Future perspectives of the pharmacological management of diabetic dyslipidemia

2019

Introduction: Diabetic dyslipidemia is frequent among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is characterized by an increase in triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and small-dense (atherogenic) particles, and by a decrease in low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 that are strongly related to insulin resistance. The increased flux of free fatty acids from adipose tissue to the liver aggravates hepatic insulin resistance and promotes all of aspects of the dyslipidemic state. Areas covered: Statins are the first-line agents for treatment while other lipid-lowering drugs (ezetimibe, fibrate and proprotein convertase…

medicine.medical_specialtyApolipoprotein Bmedicine.drug_classglucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA)Fibrate030226 pharmacology & pharmacystatins03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistanceEzetimibeInternal medicinemedicineHumansHypoglycemic AgentsPharmacology (medical)General Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsOmega 3 fatty acidDyslipidemiasHypolipidemic Agentsfibratebiologybusiness.industrydyslipidemianutritional and metabolic diseasesType 2 Diabetes MellitusGeneral MedicineLipidmedicine.diseasesodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is)LipidsEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Cardiovascular Diseases030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is)Dietary Supplementsbiology.proteinKexinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsInsulin ResistancebusinessDyslipidemiamedicine.drugezetimibeproprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)
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Management of Diabetes in Candidates for Liver Transplantation and in Transplant Recipients.

2021

Diabetes is common in patients wait-listed for liver transplantation due to end-stage liver disease or to hepatocellular cancer as well as in post-transplant phase (post-transplantation diabetes mellitus-PTDM). In both conditions the presence of diabetes severely affects disease burden and long-term clinical outcomes; careful monitoring and appropriate treatment are pivotal to reduce cardiovascular events and graft and recipients' death. We thoroughly reviewed the epidemiology of diabetes in the transplant setting and the different therapeutic options, from lifestyle intervention to antidiabetic drug use - including the most recent drug classes available - and to the inclusion of bariatric …

medicine.medical_specialtyGLP-1 receptor agonistmedicine.medical_treatmentposttransplantation diabetes mellituDiseaseHypoglycemiaLiver transplantationLiver diseaseDiabetes mellitusmedicineDiabetes MellitusDPP-4 inhibitorHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIntensive care medicineDisease burdenTransplantationbusiness.industrySGLT-2 inhibitorsFatty livermedicine.diseaseDiabetes NAFLD Liver transplantationHypoglycemiaTransplant RecipientsLiver TransplantationTransplantationbusinessTransplantation
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