Search results for "DYSLIPIDEMIA"

A NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING APPROACH FOR MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF MONOGENIC DYSLIPIDEMIAS

The therapeutic modulation of atherogenic dyslipidemia and inflammatory markers in the metabolic syndrome: what is the clinical relevance?

2008

The metabolic syndrome consists of a constellation of clinical and biochemical risk factors that cluster together and heighten the risk for atherogenesis, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Established risk cardiovascular factors like hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and glucose intolerance occur in the setting of insulin resistance and central adiposity, with genetic and environmental influences modulating the ultimate risk. Chronic insults to the endothelium take its toll in the form of silent as well as clinically evident cardiovascular events. The cellular and vascular accompaniments have shed some light into the underlying pathophysiology. Heightened, low-grade inflammatory…

Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors : from Childhood to Adulthood

2021

Obesity has become a major epidemic in the 21st century. It increases the risk of dyslipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, which are known cardiometabolic risk factors and components of the metabolic syndrome. Although overt cardiovascular (CV) diseases such as stroke or myocardial infarction are the domain of adulthood, it is evident that the CV continuum begins very early in life. Recognition of risk factors and early stages of CV damage, at a time when these processes are still reversible, and the development of prevention strategies are major pillars in reducing CV morbidity and mortality in the general population. In this review, we will discuss the role of well-known but also …

Red blood cell distribution width: A simple parameter with multiple clinical applications

2014

The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple and inexpensive parameter, which reflects the degree of heterogeneity of erythrocyte volume (conventionally known as anisocytosis), and is traditionally used in laboratory hematology for differential diagnosis of anemias. Nonetheless, recent evidence attests that anisocytosis is commonplace in human disorders such as cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolism, cancer, diabetes, community-acquired pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver and kidney failure, as well as in other acute or chronic conditions. Despite some demographic and analytical issues related to the routine assessment that may impair its clinical usef…

The reporting of previous lifestyle counseling by persons at high risk of Type 2 diabetes.

2011

Abstract Objective To assess (i) whether the reporting of counseling previously received is associated with high-risk individuals' agreement to participate in lifestyle intervention, (ii) whether the reporting of previous counseling differed within such a high-risk group, and (iii) the associations between lifestyles and previous lifestyle counseling. Methods Cross-sectional data were drawn from 10149 adults at high risk of Type 2 diabetes, who were participating in a Finnish national diabetes prevention project (FIN-D2D). Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used. Results In relation to the reporting of previous counseling, no difference was found between persons wh…

Cardiovascular risk factors in centenarians"

2008

Several studies have shown that centenarians have better cardiovascular risk profiles compared to younger old people. Some reports have revealed that cardiovascular diseases (i.e. hypertension, diabetes, angina and/or myocardial infarction) are less common in centenarians respect to 70 and 80 years old persons. In order to explain this evidence, there is a growing number of hypothesis that consider a combination of genetic factors and lifestyle aspects to elucidate the exceptional longevity of centenarians, able to overcome the most frequent mortality cause, which is a cardiovascular event. It has been suggested that a role on this better cardiovascular risk profile may be played by the inc…

Adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet and reduced prevalence of clustered cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of 3204 high-risk patients

2008

Background The Mediterranean food pattern (MeDiet) has been suggested to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. Scarcity of assessment of this effect on large samples of patients at high risk is, however, observed. Our objective was to estimate the association between adherence to MeDiet and the prevalence of risk factors in 3204 asymptomatic high-risk patients. Design Cross-sectional assessment of baseline characteristics of participants in a primary prevention trial. Methods Participants were assessed by their usual primary-care physicians to ascertain the prevalence of diet-related cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or obesity) using stand…

Cross-sectional assessment of nut consumption and obesity, metabolic syndrome and other cardiometabolic risk factors: the PREDIMED study

2013

INTRODUCTION: Prospective studies have consistently suggested that nut consumption is inversely related to fatal and non-fatal coronary heart disease. Limited data are available on the epidemiological associations between nut intake and cardiometabolic risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate associations between frequency of nut consumption and prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors [obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), type-2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia] in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 7,210 men and women (mean age, 67 y) recruited into the PREDIMED study. MetS was defined by the harmonized ATPIII and I…

An International Atherosclerosis Society Position Paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia.

2014

An international panel of the International Atherosclerosis Society has developed a new set of recommendations for management of dyslipidemia. The panel identifies non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) as the major atherogenic lipoprotein. Primary and secondary prevention are considered separately. Optimal levels for atherogenic lipoproteins are derived for the two forms of prevention. For primary prevention, the recommendations emphasize lifestyle therapies to reduce atherogenic lipoproteins; drug therapy is reserved for higher risk subjects. Risk assessment is based on estimation of lifetime risk according to differences in baseline population risk in different nations or r…

Riesgo elevado de disfunción lipoproteica en la diabetes mellitus tipo 2

2008

La diabetes tipo 2 contribuye a un elevado riesgo cardiovascular. Un componente importante de dicho riesgo puede atribuirse a la dislipidemia diabetica, una agrupacion de anomalias de los lipidos y las lipoproteinas plasmaticos que estan interrelacionadas metabolicamente. Sus principales caracteristicas son una elevacion de los trigliceridos, una reduccion de las lipoproteinas de alta densidad (HDL) y un aumento de las lipoproteinas de baja densidad (LDL) pequenas y densas, a lo que se denomina la “triada lipidica aterogenica”. La dislipidemia diabetica se asocia a resistencia a la insulina, obesidad visceral y contenido de grasa hepatica. La resistencia a la insulina esta relacionada con u…