Search results for "Decision Support Techniques"

showing 10 items of 45 documents

Perceptual commensuration in decision tables

2017

This paper calls attention to design features that could enhance the helpfulness of the decision table to decision makers trying to get a better intuitive grasp of the choices facing them. The experiments reported here show that the grey scale is more facilitative than the number scale for problem comprehension as measured by the identification of dominance and the identification of non-additivity, each of which requires a view of the decision problem that is sensitive to patterns across attributes. Additional design features that could enhance the decision makers’ grasp of the choices facing them are suggested for further research.

MaleSettore M-PSI/01 - Psicologia GeneraleUniversitiesPhysiologyDecision MakingPain050109 social psychologyExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyDecision table050105 experimental psychologyStatistics NonparametricDecision Support TechniquesPhysiology (medical)Information presentation formatBusiness decision mappingDecision aidsdecision tables decision aids information presentation formatHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesStudentsGeneral PsychologyCross-Over Studies05 social sciencesGRASPAmputation StumpsGeneral MedicineDecision problemData scienceIdentification (information)Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyDecision aidHelpfulnessVisual PerceptionFemalePsychologyDecision tableSocial psychologyPhotic StimulationDecision analysis
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Evaluation of the performance of Dutch Lipid Clinic Network score in an Italian FH population: The LIPIGEN study

2018

Abstract Background and aims Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder characterized by high levels of blood cholesterol from birth and premature coronary heart disease. Thus, the identification of FH patients is crucial to prevent or delay the onset of cardiovascular events, and the availability of a tool helping with the diagnosis in the setting of general medicine is essential to improve FH patient identification. Methods This study evaluated the performance of the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) score in FH patients enrolled in the LIPIGEN study, an Italian integrated network aimed at improving the identification of patients with genetic dyslipidaemias, including FH.…

MaleSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaGenetic testingPredictive Value of TestFamilial hypercholesterolemia030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDecision Support Technique0302 clinical medicineRetrospective StudieRisk FactorsCardiovascular DiseaseGenetic MarkerProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineAge of OnsetProspective cohort studyeducation.field_of_studymedicine.diagnostic_testMiddle AgedDutch Lipid Clinic Network score; Familial hypercholesterolemia; Genetic testing; Adult; Age of Onset; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol LDL; Female; Genetic Markers; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Testing; Humans; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II; Italy; Male; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Decision Support Techniques; Mutation3. Good healthCholesterolPhenotypeItalyCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanAdultGenetic Markersmedicine.medical_specialtyDutch Lipid Clinic Network scorePopulationFamilial hypercholesterolemiaReproducibility of ResultPhysical examinationDutch Lipid Clinic Network score; Familial hypercholesterolemia; Genetic testing; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRisk AssessmentLDLDecision Support TechniquesHyperlipoproteinemia Type II03 medical and health sciencesPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseFirst-degree relativeseducationRetrospective StudiesGenetic testingDutch Lipid Clinic Network score; Familial hypercholesterolemia; Genetic testingbusiness.industryRisk FactorReproducibility of ResultsSettore MED/13 - ENDOCRINOLOGIABiomarkerCholesterol LDLmedicine.diseaseMissing dataDutch Lipid Clinic Network score Familial hypercholesterolemia Genetic testingProspective StudieMutationAge of onsetbusinessBiomarkers
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Features Associated with Recurrence Beyond 5 Years After Nephrectomy and Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Development and Internal V…

2014

Background: Approximately 10-20% of recurrences in patients treated with nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) develop beyond 5 yr after surgery (late recurrence). Objective: To determine features associated with late recurrence. Design, setting, and participants: A total of 5009 patients from a multicenter database comprising 13 107 RCC patients treated surgically had a minimum recurrence-free survival of 60 mo (median follow-up [FU]: 105 mo [range: 78-135]); at last FU, 4699 were disease free (median FU: 103 mo [range: 78-134]), and 310 patients (6.2%) experienced disease recurrence (median FU: 120 mo [range: 93-149]). Interventions: Patients underwent radical nephrectomy or nephron-…

MaleTime FactorsDatabases FactualLymphovascular invasionmedicine.medical_treatmentPredictive Value of Testcomputer.software_genreNephrectomyRisk modelDecision Support TechniqueRisk FactorsRetrospective StudieRenal cell carcinomaOdds Ratiolate recurrencenephrectomyMedicineMultivariate AnalysiFramingham Risk ScoreDatabaseKidney Neoplasmrenal carcinomaPrognostic parametersMiddle AgedNephrectomyKidney NeoplasmsTreatment OutcomeLymphatic MetastasisFemaleRadiologyNephron sparing surgeryPrognostic parameterHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyrenal cell carcinomarecurrenceLogistic ModelTime FactorUrologyReproducibility of ResultLate recurrencecancer-specific mortalityrisk scoreRisk AssessmentDisease-Free SurvivalDecision Support Techniquescancer-specific mortality; late recurrence; nephrectomy; prognostic parameters; renal cell carcinoma; risk scorePredictive Value of TestsLate RecurrenceHumansInternal validationCarcinoma Renal CellProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesAgedNeoplasm StagingChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelRisk Factorrenal cell carcinoma; recurrence; Cancer-specific mortality; Late recurrence; Nephrectomy; Prognostic parameters; Risk scoreCancer-specific mortalityReproducibility of ResultsLymphatic MetastasiRetrospective cohort studyOdds ratioprognostic parametersmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalLogistic ModelsMultivariate AnalysisProportional Hazards ModelRisk scoreNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinesscomputerCancer-specific mortality; Late recurrence; Nephrectomy; Prognostic parameters; Renal cell carcinoma; Risk score
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Prognostic ability of BCLC-B subclassification in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing transarterial chemoembolization

2018

Prognostic ability of BCLC-B Subclassification in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization Background and aims. A subclassification system for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was recently proposed to optimize treatment allocation. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic ability of that substaging proposal. Patients and methods This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study including patients with intermediate HCC treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Predictors of survival were identified using the Cox proportional regression model. Results 289 Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) B patients were included. Medi…

MaleTime FactorsSpecialties of internal medicineKaplan-Meier EstimateGastroenterologyChemoembolization; Liver cancer; Radioembolization; Sorafenib; Staging system; Hepatology0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsMedicineStage (cooking)Aged 80 and overLiver NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedSorafenibTreatment OutcomeRC581-951Italy030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinoma030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleChemoembolizationLiver cancerLiver cancerCohort studymedicine.drugSorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIARisk AssessmentDecision Support Techniques03 medical and health sciencesPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicineHumansChemoembolization TherapeuticRadioembolizationAgedNeoplasm StagingProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesHepatologybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseStaging systemLog-rank testMultivariate Analysisbusiness
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iScore for predicting institutional care after ischemic stroke: a population-based study.

2015

Background We assessed whether the iScore could predict the need for poststroke institutional care. Methods Patients with acute ischemic stroke living in Dijon, France, were recorded between 2006 and 2011, using a population-based stroke registry. The iScore was calculated for each patient. A logistic regression model was used to assess the performance of the iScore for predicting the need for placement in a care institution. The discrimination and calibration of the model were assessed using the c statistic and the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, respectively. Results Of the 1199 patients recorded, 124 were excluded because of early death and 95 because of missing for variables inclu…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationLogistic regressionRehabilitation CentersRisk AssessmentPatient Care PlanningBrain IschemiaDecision Support TechniquesInterquartile rangePredictive Value of TestsRisk FactorsEpidemiologyMedicineHumansRegistrieseducationStrokeStatisticAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyFramingham Risk Scorebusiness.industryRehabilitationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisConfidence intervalPatient DischargeNursing HomesStrokeLogistic ModelsEmergency medicinePhysical therapySurgeryFemaleNeurology (clinical)FranceCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessJournal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association
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Bayesian methods in cost-effectiveness studies: objectivity, computation and other relevant aspects.

2009

In a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) of a cost-effectiveness (CE) study, the unknown parameters are considered as random variables. A crucial question is what probabilistic distribution is suitable for synthesizing the available information (mainly data from clinical trials) about these parameters. In this context, the important role of Bayesian methodology has been recognized, where the parameters are of a random nature. We explore, in the context of CE analyses, how formal objective Bayesian methods can be implemented. We fully illustrate the methodology using two CE problems that frequently appear in the CE literature. The results are compared with those obtained with other popu…

Markov chainComputer scienceCost effectivenessHealth PolicyCost-Benefit AnalysisBayesian probabilityAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalProbabilistic logicContext (language use)Bayes Theoremcomputer.software_genreMarkov ChainsDecision Support TechniquesBayes' theoremOsteoarthritisHumansSensitivity (control systems)Data miningRandom variablecomputerMonte Carlo MethodHealth economics
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Development and Validation of a New Prognostic System for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2016

Background Prognostic assessment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. Using the Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) database as a training set, we sought to develop and validate a new prognostic system for patients with HCC. Methods and Findings Prospective collected databases from Italy (training cohort, n = 3,628; internal validation cohort, n = 1,555) and Taiwan (external validation cohort, n = 2,651) were used to develop the ITA.LI.CA prognostic system. We first defined ITA.LI.CA stages (0, A, B1, B2, B3, C) using only tumor characteristics (largest tumor diameter, number of nodules, intra- and extrahepatic macroscopic vascular invasion, extrahepatic metas…

OncologyMaleTime FactorsDatabases FactualCancer Treatmentlcsh:MedicinePredictive Value of TestPediatricsBiochemistryGeographical locationsNeoplasms Multiple PrimaryDecision Support Technique0302 clinical medicineInterquartile rangeRetrospective StudieMultiple PrimaryRisk FactorsNeoplasmsMedicine and Health SciencesEthnicitiesPublic and Occupational HealthLiver DiseasesLiver NeoplasmsChild HealthGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosisItalian PeopleTumor BurdenQuartileOncologyCirrhosisItalyLiver Neoplasm030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPredictive value of testsCohortPerspectiveHong Kong030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemaleSurvival Analysialpha-FetoproteinsHumanBiotechnologymedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularAsiaTime FactorSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIAAged; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Databases Factual; Decision Support Techniques; Female; Humans; Italy; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasms Multiple Primary; Predictive Value of Tests; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Survival Analysis; Taiwan; Time Factors; Tumor Burden; alpha-Fetoproteins; Biotechnology; Biochemistry; Molecular Biology; Cell BiologyTaiwanReproducibility of ResultGastroenterology and HepatologyCarcinomasRisk AssessmentDecision Support Techniques03 medical and health sciencesDatabasesDiagnostic MedicinePredictive Value of TestsInternal medicineGastrointestinal TumorsmedicineHumansNeoplasm Invasivenessalpha-FetoproteinMolecular BiologySurvival analysisFactualAgedNeoplasm StagingRetrospective StudiesNeoplasm InvasivenePerformance statusbusiness.industryRisk Factorlcsh:RCarcinomaCancers and NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective cohort studyHepatocellularHepatocellular CarcinomaCell BiologySurvival AnalysisBCLC StageSurgeryPeople and PlacesPopulation Groupingsbusiness
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Utility-based criteria for selecting patients with hepatocellular carcinoma for liver transplantation: A multicenter cohort study using the alpha-fet…

2015

The lifetime utility of liver transplantation (LT) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still controversial. The aim of this study was to ascertain when LT is cost-effective for HCC patients, with a view to proposing new transplant selection criteria. The study involved a real cohort of potentially transplantable Italian HCC patients (n = 2419 selected from the Italian Liver Cancer group database) who received nontransplant therapies. A non-LT survival analysis was conducted, the direct costs of therapies were calculated, and a Markov model was used to compute the cost utility of LT over non-LT therapies in Italian and US cost scenarios. Post-LT survival was calculated using t…

OncologyMaleTime FactorsDatabases Factualmedicine.medical_treatmentCost-Benefit AnalysisLiver transplantationClinical endpointLiver NeoplasmsSurgery; Transplantation; HepatologyHealth Care Costshepatocellular carcinomaMiddle AgedMarkov ChainsTumor BurdenModels EconomicTreatment OutcomeItalyHepatocellular carcinomaFemaleQuality-Adjusted Life Yearsalpha-FetoproteinsAlpha-fetoproteinMonte Carlo Methodmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIADecision Support Techniquesalpha-fetoproteinPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineHumansneoplasmsSurvival analysisAgedProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesTransplantationHepatologyProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryPatient SelectionRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseSurvival Analysisdigestive system diseasesUnited StatesSurgeryLiver TransplantationTransplantationMultivariate AnalysisSurgerybusiness
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Optimizing the clinical utility of PCA3 to diagnose prostate cancer in initial prostate biopsy.

2015

Background: PCA3 has been included in a nomogram outperforming previous clinical models for the prediction of any prostate cancer (PCa) and high grade PCa (HGPCa) at the initial prostate biopsy (IBx). Our objective is to validate such IBx-specific PCA3-based nomogram. We also aim to optimize the use of this nomogram in clinical practice through the definition of risk groups. Methods: Independent external validation. Clinical and biopsy data from a contemporary cohort of 401 men with the same inclusion criteria to those used to build up the reference’s nomogram in IBx. The predictive value of the nomogram was assessed by means of calibration curves and discrimination ability through the area…

PCA3MaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyProstate biopsyBiopsyUrologyurologic and male genital diseasesRisk AssessmentDecision Support TechniquesCohort StudiesProstate cancerRisk groupsAntigens NeoplasmRisk FactorsGeneticsBiomarkers TumorMedicineHumansOpportunistic screeningAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryArea under the curveExternal validationProstatic NeoplasmsOrgan SizeNomogramMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryNomogramsOncologybusinessBiomarkersResearch ArticleBMC cancer
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Decomposing encoding and decisional components in visual-word recognition: a diffusion model analysis.

2014

In a diffusion model, performance as measured by latency and accuracy in two-choice tasks is decomposed into different parameters that can be linked to underlying cognitive processes. Although the diffusion model has been utilized to account for lexical decision data, the effects of stimulus manipulations in previous experiments originated from just one parameter: the quality of the evidence. Here we examined whether the diffusion model can be used to effectively decompose the underlying processes during visual-word recognition. We explore this issue in an experiment that features a lexical manipulation (word frequency) that we expected to affect mostly the quality of the evidence (the dri…

PhysiologySpeech recognitionmedia_common.quotation_subjectExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyStimulus (physiology)Models PsychologicalDecision Support TechniquesDiscrimination LearningYoung AdultPhysiology (medical)PerceptionLexical decision taskReaction TimeHumansGeneral Psychologymedia_commonVisual word recognitionCommunicationbusiness.industryCognitionBayes factorGeneral MedicineWord lists by frequencyNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyPattern Recognition VisualSpainStochastic driftbusinessPsychologyQuarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)
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