Search results for "Development studies"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
Tourism Development: Concepts and Issues
2015
The central issues proposed revolve around the concept of development itself, which has evolved from mere economic growth to a more “holistic” definition encompassing social, cul- tural, political and environmental aspects. The volume chooses to concentrate on development strategies, that is, the means of improving the development process through a specific “ideol- ogy”, since development, as often argued in the book, is a value-laden concept. If tourism can and is to be an agent of development, the book then clarifies the theoretical stands behind the term “development”, as well as the ideology behind the strategy leading to tourism develop- ment. The issues discussed in the book therefore…
Human Simulation and Sustainability : Ontological, Epistemological, and Ethical Reflections
2020
This article begins with a brief outline of recent advances in the application of computer modeling to sustainability research, identifying important gaps in coverage and associated limits in methodological capability, particularly in regard to taking account of the tangled human factors that are often impediments to a sustainable future. It then describes some of the ways in which a new transdisciplinary approach within &ldquo
Development Studies in Tanzania: Historical Trajectory and Future Visions
2018
The chapter discusses the history, dilemmas and future visions of Development Studies in Tanzania, especially from the perspective of Institute of Development Studies in the University of Dar es Salaam. It shows how in the 1970s Development Studies played a significant role in the consolidation of state ideology of African socialism among university students, and since then, has gradually evolved into a recognized discipline with MA and PhD programmes. Over the years, the discipline has dealt with dilemmas related to its multidisciplinary nature, state ideologies, international donor agendas and the changing demands concerning academic publications. Recently, Development Studies in Tanzania…
Stochastic debt sustainability analysis for sovereigns and the scope for optimization modeling
2017
We argue that sovereign debt sustainability analysis must be augmented by stochastic correlated risk factors and a risk measure to capture tail effects. Crisis situations can thus be adequately specified and analyzed with sufficient accuracy to warrant the relevance of policy decisions. In this context there is significant scope for optimization modeling for both strategic planning and operational management. We discuss diverse aspects of the problem of debt sustainability and highlight modeling approaches that can be brought to bear on the problem. Results with the fictitious, but nor unrealistic, Kingdom of Atlantis, which is sinking under excessive debt, illustrate the proposed models.
Sustainability Assessment of Agricultural Systems in Paraguay: A Comparative Study Using FAO’s SAFA Framework
2019
Sustainability is a topic that is at the center of current discussions in the political, economic, social, and environmental fields. For its analysis, an integral and multidisciplinary vision is needed. This work aims to assess the sustainability of agricultural systems in Paraguay through a comparison applying SAFA (Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems) indicators. The research focuses on 15 case studies on the territory of the Eastern Region of Paraguay divided into five classes of agricultural systems: agribusiness, conventional peasant family farming, agroecological peasant family farming, neo-rural farming, and indigenous agriculture. Data were collected through in…
Diversification is in the Detail: Accounting for Crop System Heterogeneity to Inform Diversification Policies in Malawi and Zambia
2020
Crop diversification is a common agricultural policy objective. However, the determinants and impacts of crop diversification are heterogeneous and depend on a range of crop-specific characteristics. Index-based measurements of crop diversification, common in the agriculture economics literature, are unable to account for this heterogeneity. Using two national panel surveys from Malawi and Zambia, we develop a multinomial treatment effects model to examine the determinants of adopting seven discreet cropping systems and their impacts on maize productivity and crop income stability. The results of this approach are compared to those obtained when using a Gini–Simpsons index. Differences betw…
Horizon 2000 : prévisions des dépenses d'éducation primaire dans les pays en développement
1990
The aim of the present article is to provide a statistical assessmentof the amount of public money developing countries will nedd to spend in order to meet the estimated demand for primary education in the year 2000 and to evaluate the cost of providing universal primary education by that date.
Trying to control migration between zones in the world
2019
It is a fact that migration is a worrying problem in some world areas. Literature shows many studies about it. Nevertheless, no sound solutions have been proposed. Assuming that the key implied factors are development and demography, we suggest in this research, as a first step, to state a stochastic and dynamic demographic model neither considering sexes nor ages, but including the necessary and adequate economic, education and health variables. This model will be able to optimize, by means of a genetic algorithm, the amount and proportion of the main development indicators in different areas of the world along time, in order to reach the desired values of the population present in each ar…
Quality of Life of the Guaraní Community
2017
Toward the end of the nineteenth century, Ferdinand Tonnies distinguished two forms of clustering of base: community and society, defining the community as that form of socialization in which subjects, according to their common origin, local proximity or shared values, had attained a degree of implicit consensus. Currently, it can be understood as locality and as a group relationship, emphasizing the first a physical/geographical proximity and the second, interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, considering quality of life, Tonon (2007) points out that its study concerns the material and psychosocial environment, recognizing two areas of well-being: the social and the psychological, the la…
Is there a convincing case for climate veganism?
2020
AbstractClimate change compels us to rethink the ethics of our dietary choices and has become an interesting issue for ethicists concerned about diets, including animal ethicists. The defenders of veganism have found that climate change provides a new reason to support their cause because many animal-based foods have high greenhouse gas emissions. The new style of argumentation, the ‘climatic argument(s) for veganism’, may benefit animals by persuading even those who are not concerned about animals themselves but worry about climate change. The arguments about the high emissions of animal-based food, and a resulting moral obligation to abstain from eating such products, are an addition to t…