Search results for "Diffraction"

showing 10 items of 1584 documents

Atomic diffraction from nanostructured optical potentials

2002

We develop a versatile theoretical approach to the study of cold-atom diffractive scattering from light-field gratings by combining calculations of the optical near-field, generated by evanescent waves close to the surface of periodic nanostructured arrays, together with advanced atom wavepacket propagation on this optical potential.

DiffractionPhysicsLength scaleCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesScatteringbusiness.industryAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Wave packetPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesNear and far fieldPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics - Atomic PhysicsOpticsUltracold atomAtomPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsbusiness
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Speckle random coding for 2D super resolving fluorescent microscopic imaging.

2006

In this manuscript we present a novel super resolving approach based upon projection of a random speckle pattern onto samples observed through a microscope. The projection of the speckle pattern is created by coherent illumination of the inspected pattern through a diffuser. Due to local interference of the coherent wave front with itself, a random speckle pattern is superimposed on the sample. This speckle pattern can be scanned over the object. A super-resolved image can be extracted from a temporal sequence of images by appropriate digital processing of the image stream. The resulting resolution is significantly higher than the diffraction limitation of the microscope objective. The new …

DiffractionPhysicsMicroscopebusiness.industryResolution (electron density)General Physics and AstronomySpeckle noiseCell BiologyNumerical aperturelaw.inventionSpeckle patternOpticsStructural BiologylawElectronic speckle pattern interferometryGeneral Materials ScienceProjection (set theory)businessMicron (Oxford, England : 1993)
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High-resolution hard-x-ray photoelectron diffraction in a momentum microscope—the model case of graphite

2019

New journal of physics 21(11), 113031 - (2019). doi:10.1088/1367-2630/ab51fe

DiffractionPhysicsMomentum (technical analysis)MicroscopeX-rayGeneral Physics and AstronomyHigh resolution530law.inventionlawHard X-raysddc:530GraphiteAtomic physics
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Diffractive vector meson production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions from the Color Glass Condensate

2014

We compute cross sections for incoherent and coherent diffractive J/$\Psi$ and $\Psi(2S)$ production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions. The dipole models used in these calculations are obtained by fitting the HERA deep inelastic scattering data and compared with available electron-proton diffraction measurements. We obtain a reasonably good description of the available ALICE data. We find that the normalization of the ultraperipheral cross section has large model dependence, but the rapidity dependence is more tightly constrained.

DiffractionPhysicsNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesHERADeep inelastic scatteringColor-glass condensateNuclear physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyCross section (physics)DipoleHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics::ExperimentRapidityVector meson
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Backward transition radiation in the extreme ultraviolet region as a tool for the transverse beam profile diagnostic

2014

The present article summarizes the results of two experiments which were performed to study the radiation properties of backward transition radiation (BTR) in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region. This wavelength region is of particular interest for transverse beam profile imaging, because the spatial resolution is improved as a result of the reduced contribution in the imaging process of the fundamental diffraction limit. In addition, the influence of coherent effects in the transition radiation emission process, which have been observed in the visible region, might be mitigated. The first experiment, dedicated to the investigation of the BTR angular characteristics, indicates that the rad…

DiffractionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industryExtreme ultraviolet lithographySurfaces and InterfacesRadiationRadiation propertiesWavelengthOpticsTransition radiationExtreme ultravioletlcsh:QC770-798ddc:530lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivitybusinessBeam (structure)Physical Review Special Topics. Accelerators and Beams
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Oblique incidence and polarization effects in coupled gratings.

2012

Oblique incidence and polarization orientation of the input beam have dramatic effects on the spectral response of coupled dielectric waveguide gratings. Coupled gratings with small periodic perturbations can be described as a problem of two coupled resonances at strictly normal incidence, but we find that the device involves four coupled resonances when oblique incidence and polarization effects are included in the analysis. Very small deviations from normal incidence change qualitatively the spectral response and four peaks are observed, whereas only two peaks are present at normal incidence. Polarization misalignments produce a decrease of the reflectance of the resonances at normal inci…

DiffractionPhysicsOnesbusiness.industryGuided-mode resonancePhysics::OpticsÒpticaCoupled mode theoryPolarization (waves)ReflectivityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsPeriodic perturbationQ factorOblique incidencebusinessOptics express
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Cooperative atomic motion probed by ultrafast transmission electron diffraction

2015

In numerous solids exhibiting broken symmetry ground states, changes in electronic (spin) structure are accompanied by structural changes. Femtosecond time-resolved techniques recently contributed many important insights into the origin of their ground states by tracking dynamics of the electronic subsystem with femtosecond light pulses. Moreover, several studies of structural dynamics in systems with periodic lattice modulation (PLD) were performed. Since intensities of the super-lattice diffraction peaks are in the first approximation proportional to the square of the PLD amplitude, their temporal dynamics provides access to cooperative atomic motion. This process takes place on a fractio…

DiffractionPhysicsOpticsReflection high-energy electron diffractionElectron diffractionbusiness.industryLattice (order)SuperlatticeExcited stateFemtosecondElectronbusinessMolecular physicsSPIE Proceedings
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Geometrical super resolved lensless imaging

2011

In the field of super resolution researchers are trying to overcome both the diffraction as well as the geometrical bounds of an imaging system. In this paper we present a recently developed approach that aims to overcome the geometrical bounds while using a unified spatial light modulator (SLM) based lensless configuration.

DiffractionPhysicsOpticsSpatial light modulatorOptical diffractionField (physics)Geometrical opticsbusiness.industryIterative reconstructionbusinessSuperresolutionImage resolutionComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS2011 10th Euro-American Workshop on Information Optics
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Hard single diffraction in p̄p collisions at s=630 and 1800 GeV

2002

Using the D empty set detector, we have studied events produced in (p) over barp collisions that contain large forward regions with very little energy deposition ("rapidity gaps") and concurrent jet production at center-of-mass energies of roots = 630 and 1800 GeV. The fraction of events with forward or central jets associated with rapidity gaps is compared to predictions for hard diffraction. We also extract the momentum loss for scattered protons in such processes. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

DiffractionPhysicsParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorEmpty setHERAJet (particle physics)01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPomeron0103 physical sciencesMomentum lossRapidityHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsPhysics Letters B
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Optical control of vibrational coherence triggered by an ultrafast phase transition

2019

Femtosecond time-resolved x-ray diffraction is employed to study the dynamics of the periodic lattice distortion (PLD) associated with the charge-density-wave (CDW) in K0.3MoO3. Using a multi-pulse scheme we show the ability to extend the lifetime of coherent oscillations of the PLD about the undistorted structure through re-excitation of the electronic states. This suggests that it is possible to enter a regime where the symmetry of the potential energy landscape corresponds to the high symmetry phase but the scattering pathways that lead to the damping of coherent dynamics are still controllable by altering the electronic state population. The demonstrated control over the coherence time …

DiffractionPhysicsPhase transitionCoherence timeeducation.field_of_studyStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)ScatteringPopulationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences3. Good healthCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsLattice (order)0103 physical sciencesFemtosecondAtomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyeducationultrafast phase transition charge density wave optical controlCoherence (physics)
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