Search results for "Diffuse"

showing 10 items of 276 documents

Photocatalytic degradation enhancement in pickering emulsions stabilized by solid particles of bare TiO 2

2019

Pickering emulsions provide a new way to enhance the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of water-insoluble pollutants. Indeed, the semiconductor solid particles dually act as the photocatalyst and stabilizer of the emulsion droplets whose size dramatically affects the photocatalytic reaction. The present work aims at the validation of this concept by using bare TiO 2 without any surface modification. Nanostructured TiO 2 has been prepared by a simple sol-gel process and characterized by X-ray diffraction, specific surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The emulsions were prepared by using 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) as a model organic…

Materials scienceDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformScanning electron microscopehealth care facilities manpower and serviceseducation02 engineering and technologyPickering emulsions010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionOptical microscopelawSpecific surface areaElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUShealth care economics and organizationsSurfaces and Interfaces[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics[SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and SocietyPickering emulsion0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers[SDV.SP.PG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Galenic pharmacologyChemical engineering13. Climate actionPhotocatalysisSurface modification0210 nano-technologyStabilizer (chemistry)
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Influence of low power CW laser irradiation on skin hemoglobin changes

2012

Influence of low power laser irradiance on healthy skin using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and multispectral imaging was studied. Changes of diffuse reflectance spectra in spectral range from 500 to 600 nm were observed after 405 nm, 473 nm and 532 nm laser provocation, leading to conclusion that the content of skin hemoglobin has changed. Peaks in spectral absorbance (optical density) curves corresponded to well-known oxy-hemoglobin absorbance peaks at 542 and 577 nm.

Materials scienceDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformbusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryIrradianceOptical densityLaserlaw.inventionAbsorbanceDiffuse reflectance spectraOpticslawsense organsHemoglobinIrradiationbusinessSPIE Proceedings
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Enhanced Solar Light Photocatalytic Activity of Ag Doped TiO2–Ag3PO4 Composites

2020

Composites comprised of Ag3PO4 and bare TiO2 (TiO2@Ag3PO4) or silver doped TiO2 (Ag@TiO2&ndash

Materials scienceDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformheterojunction4–nitrophenol degradationScanning electron microscope3General Chemical Engineering42Sol-gel synthesisInfrared spectroscopyAg@TiO2–Ag3PO4 heterojunctionPOArticlelcsh:Chemistrysolar photocatalysissol–gel synthesisSpecific surface areaGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialFourier transform infrared spectroscopyPrecipitation (chemistry)4-nitrophenol degradationAg@TiODoping4-nitrophenol degradation; Ag@TiO; 2; -Ag; 3; PO; 4; heterojunction; Sol-gel synthesis; Solar photocatalysis-Aglcsh:QD1-999Solar photocatalysisPhotocatalysisAg@TiO<sub>2</sub>–Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> heterojunctionNanomaterials
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Formation and Growth of Pd Nanoparticles Inside a Highly Cross-Linked Polystyrene Support: Role of the Reducing Agent

2014

Simultaneous time-resolved SAXS and XANES techniques were employed to follow in situ the formation of Pd nanoparticles in a porous polystyrene support, using palladium acetate as a precursor and gaseous H2 or CO as reducing agents. These results, in conjunction with data obtained by diffuse reflectance UV–vis and DRIFT spectroscopy and TEM measurements, allowed unraveling of the different roles played by gaseous H2 and CO in the formation of the Pd nanoparticles. In particular, it was found that the reducing agent affects (i) the reduction rate (which is faster in the presence of CO) and (ii) the properties of the hosted nanoparticles, in terms of size (bigger with CO), morphology (spherica…

Materials scienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureReducing agentSmall-angle X-ray scatteringchemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticlePd nanoparticles; SAXS; EXAFSSAXSXANESSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundEXAFSGeneral EnergyPd nanoparticleschemistryChemical engineeringPalladium nanoparticles time-resolved X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Small Angle X-ray Spectroscopy Transmission Electron MicroscopyDiffuse reflectionPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPalladium
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A Simple “Plastic Bag” Technique for Visible Spectra of Solid Metal Complexes

1979

The techniques commonly used to study the visible spectra of transition metal complexes in the solid state involve diffuse reflectance from the powdered sample or transmission through a mull of the compound in mineral oil on filter paper. Pressed KBr (for anhydrous compounds) and AgCl (for compounds containing water or other highly polar ligands) disk techniques have been used even for low temperature spectra. All of the transmission techniques mentioned are based on mixing the sample with another compound which may induce changes in the compound under study via chemical reactions. Air- and water-sensitive complexes also need special care. These interferences may be reduced by the use of th…

Materials scienceFilter paper010401 analytical chemistryMixing (process engineering)Analytical chemistry01 natural sciencesChemical reaction0104 chemical sciences010309 opticsUltraviolet visible spectroscopyTransition metal0103 physical sciencesAnhydrousDiffuse reflectionInstrumentationSpectroscopyVisible spectrumApplied Spectroscopy
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Colloidal plasmonic back reflectors for light trapping in solar cells.

2014

A novel type of plasmonic light trapping structure is presented in this paper, composed of metal nanoparticles synthesized in colloidal solution and self-assembled in uniform long-range arrays using a wet-coating method. The high monodispersion in size and spherical shape of the gold colloids used in this work allows a precise match between their measured optical properties and electromagnetic simulations performed with Mie theory, and enables the full exploitation of their collective resonant plasmonic behavior for light-scattering applications. The colloidal arrays are integrated in plasmonic back reflector (PBR) structures aimed for light trapping in thin film solar cells. The PBRs exhib…

Materials scienceMie scatteringPhysics::OpticsReflectionTrapping7. Clean energyThin film devices Colloidal arraySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaColloidal solutionColloidOpticsElectromagnetic simulationThin film solar cells PlasmonsLow temperatureGeneral Materials SciencePlasmonic solar cellThin filmPlasmonPhotocurrentNear infrared spectrabusiness.industrySolar cellCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterSynthesis (chemical)Light trapping structureOptoelectronicsDiffuse reflectanceDiffuse reflectionbusinessNanoscale
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N-TiO2 Photocatalysts highly active under visible irradiation for NOX abatement and 2-propanol oxidation

2013

N-doped TiO2 powders were prepared by two different sol-gel methods. Samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET specific surface area measurements (SSA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). XPS measurements revealed a signal at 400 eV assignable to nitrogen in the form of Ti-N-O. EPR signals are attributed to molecular NO trapped with cavities/defects possibly interacting with oxygen vacancies. The photocatalytic activity under UV and visible light was determined following the abatement of NOx and the photodegradation of 2-propanol in gas-solid systems. N…

Materials scienceN-doped titanium dioxide; Oxygen vacancies; Photocatalysis; Visible light activity;Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformInorganic chemistryGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryCatalysisPhotocatalysis N-doped titanium dioxide Visible light activity Oxygen vacancieslaw.inventionVisible light activityOxygen vacanciesX-ray photoelectron spectroscopylawSpecific surface areaPhotocatalysisSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologiePhotocatalysisElectron paramagnetic resonancePhotodegradationN-doped titanium dioxideNOxVisible spectrumCatalysis Today
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Multi-spectral Reflection Photoplethysmography: Potential for Skin Microcirculation Assessment

2006

Technique for simultaneous recording of reflection photoplethysmography signals in broad spectral band (violet to NIR) has been developed, and its potential for assessment of blood microcirculation at various depths from the skin surface is discussed.

Materials scienceOpticsbusiness.industryTemporal resolutionPhotoplethysmogramSkin surfaceReflection (physics)Multi spectralSpectral bandsDiffuse reflectionequipment and suppliesbusinessMicrocirculationBiomedical Optics
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Optical modeling of nickel-base alloys oxidized in pressurized water reactor

2012

International audience; The knowledge of the aging process involved in the primary water of pressurized water reactor entails investigating a mixed growth mechanism in the corrosion of nickel-base alloys. A mixed growth induces an anionic inner oxide and a cationic diffusion parallel to a dissolution-precipitation process forms the outer zone. The in situ monitoring of the oxidation kinetics requires the modeling of the oxide layer stratification with the full knowledge of the optical constants related to each component. Here, we report the dielectric constants of the alloys 600 and 690 measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry and fitted to a Drude-Lorentz model. A robust optical stratificati…

Materials sciencePASSIVE FILMSCORROSION BEHAVIOROxidechemistry.chemical_elementDIFFUSE REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY02 engineering and technologyDielectric01 natural sciencesFocused ion beamCorrosionchemistry.chemical_compoundTHIN-FILMSX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryXPSThin film010302 applied physicsHIGH-TEMPERATURE WATERMetallurgyMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesOXIDE-FILMS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySTAINLESS-STEELSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNickelchemistryChemical engineeringTransmission electron microscopyHYDROGENATED WATERGROWTH0210 nano-technology
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Photoluminescence of chromium(III)-doped silicoaluminophosphate with AFI structure

1994

Materials sciencePhotoluminescenceMechanical EngineeringInorganic chemistryDopingchemistry.chemical_elementQuaternary compoundChromium atomChromiumchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMechanics of MaterialsReflection spectrumAluminium phosphateGeneral Materials ScienceDiffuse reflectionAdvanced Materials
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