Search results for "Digest"
showing 10 items of 3038 documents
GLP-2: What do we know? What are we going to discover?
2014
Glucagon-like peptide 2 [GLP-2] is a 33-amino acid peptide released from the mucosal enteroendocrine L-cells of the intestine. The actions of GLP-2 are transduced by the GLP-2 receptor [GLP-2R], which is localized in the neurons of the enteric nervous system but not in the intestinal epithelium, indicating an indirect mechanism of action. GLP-2 is well known for its trophic role within the intestine and interest in GLP-2 is now reviving based on the approval of the GLP-2R agonist for treatment of short bowel syndrome [SBS]. Recently it also seems to be involved in glucose homeostasis. The aim of this review is to outline the importance of neuroendocrine peptides, specifically of GLP-2 in th…
Current state and future of biogas and digestate production
2013
Over the past few years, the worldwide cost of energy has increased significantly, due to a growing global demand for energy and the decreasing availability of fossil fuel sources. Many countries are adopting environmental policies promoting the production and consumption of alternative, sustainable and renewable energy sources. Among these sources is green energy production through the anaerobic digestion of agricultural feedstock, like animal manure and food industry by-products, mainly aimed at producing biogas. Nevertheless, only a very small part of the biogas potential is currently used, while many European countries are facing huge problems caused by the overproduction of organic was…
MicroRNAs as Novel Targets in Liver Cancer: Facing the Clinical Challenge
2014
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide with a rising incidence in the western world. HCCs are characterized by a phenotypic and molecular heterogeneity that limits therapeutic progress. MicroRNAs play a major role for the pathogenesis and progression of liver cancer. As an essential part of the RNA interference machinery, microRNAs contribute to the regulation of many pro-oncogenic processes in HCC, including proliferation, migration, and survival. Therefore, these epigenetically active small molecules advanced to attractive targets for both diagnosis and therapy of liver cancer. Here, we will try to delineate the role of microRNAs during liver de…
Association between the PNPLA3 (rs738409 C>G) variant and hepatocellular carcinoma: Evidence from a meta-analysis of individual participant data
2014
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in Western countries. Although several clinical factors have been identified, many individuals never develop HCC, suggesting a genetic susceptibility. However, to date, only a few single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been reproducibly shown to be linked to HCC onset. A variant (rs738409 C>G, encoding for p.I148M) in the PNPLA3 gene is associated with liver damage in chronic liver diseases. Interestingly, several studies have reported that the minor rs738409[G] allele is more represented in HCC cases in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, a significant association with HCC related to CHC has not b…
Meaning in life in Eating Disorders patients with Non-suicidal self Injuries.
2020
Low meaning in life it is associated to psychopathology in a large amount of research in clinical sample. However, the studies on meaning in life in people with eating disorders is scarce. Moreover, important NSSI rates have been reported in patients with eating disorders. The aims of the study are: (1) to analyze whether the participants diagnosed with eating disorders have lower meaning in life than the general population; (2) to analyze possible differences in meaning in life among participants based on the eating disorder diagnosis (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and EDNOS) or subtype (restrictive vs. purgative); (3) to study which psychopathological variables (hopelessness, meaning …
Change in expression of MGMT during maturation of human monocytes into dendritic cells.
2005
Dendritic cells (DCs) maturated from monocytes play an important role in the immune system, not only in defense against conventional infections but also in cancer rejection. Because of the central role of DCs in tumor host defense it is highly important that DCs as well as the progenitor cell population are protected during cancer therapy. Since most anticancer drugs target DNA, the DNA repair capacity is most importance for the response of DCs and their precursor cells. Here, we studied the expression of the DNA repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in monocytes obtained from peripheral blood of healthy donors and DCs maturated from monocytes (moDCs). We show that MG…
MGMT: Key node in the battle against genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and apoptosis induced by alkylating agents
2007
O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) plays a crucial role in the defense against alkylating agents that generate, among other lesions, O(6)-alkylguanine in DNA (collectively termed O(6)-alkylating agents [O(6)AA]). The defense is highly important, since O(6)AA are common environmental carcinogens, are formed endogenously during normal cellular metabolism and possibly inflammation, and are being used in cancer therapy. O(6)AA induced DNA damage is subject to repair, which is executed by MGMT, AlkB homologous proteins (ABH) and base excision repair (BER). Although this review focuses on MGMT, the mechanism of repair by ABH and BER will also be discussed. Experimental systems, in wh…
Effect of substrate improvement on optimising biogas yield from anaerobic digestion
2014
Masteroppgave i fornybar energi ENE 500 Universitetet i Agder 2014 The anaerobic digestion process involves the decomposition of the organic matter to yield biogas; gas that is mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide with traces of some other gases. This process is used for different purposes including municipal waste treatment, wastewater treatment, fertilizer production, and farm wastes disposal as well as energy production. It is accomplished in three main stages; hydrolysis, acidogenesis and methanogenesis with each of the stages achieved by specific microorganisms that are active in limited ranges of operational and environmental conditions. These conditions are controlled to ach…
A Contribution to Environmental Protection Through the Valorisation of Kitchen Biowaste
2022
The worldwide interest in Renewable Energy Sources (RES) is gathering momentum. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) process is steadily growing, as more people are setting up bioreactors in order to produce biogas and digestate. AD process is the fermentation of solid biowaste in the absence of oxygen and is zero emission, i.e. it is CO2 neutral. The aim of this work is to test HomeBiogas 2.0, i.e. a revolutionary equipment that used the kitchen biowaste from the canteen of the agricultural institute of Marsala (Trapani, Italy). This equipment works as a continuous flow bioreactor: the waste is fed in one end, while biogas and digestate come out from the other. The process continuously took place at a…
Emissions of Greenhouse Gases and Climate Politics in the Latvian Waste Sector
2015
According IPCC guidelines for determination of greenhouse gases in waste management (IPCC 2006) the quantity of greenhouse gases must be determined for the emissions of CO2, CH4, N2O for such treatment activities: disposal of solid waste, biological treatment of solid waste and incineration and open burning of waste. Presented report reviles the current situation of this field in Latvia and conclusions on its minimization actions. The data received from Latvian environmental data bases shows that the quantity of disposed unsorted municipal waste is rising and created sanitary landfill system with anaerobic digestion of bio mas (the content of it in the disposed waste reaches 40–50 %) is pro…