Search results for "Direct"
showing 10 items of 2669 documents
Variational formulations and extra boundary conditions within stress gradient elasticity theory with extensions to beam and plate models
2016
Abstract The principle of minimum total potential energy and the primary principle of virtual power for stress gradient elasticity are presented as kinematic type constructs dual of analogous static type principles from the literature (Polizzotto, 2014; Polizzotto, 2015a). The extra gradient-induced boundary conditions are formulated as “boundary congruence conditions” on the microstructure’s deformation relative to the continuum, which ultimately require that the normal derivative of the stresses must vanish at the boundary surface. Two forms of the governing PDEs for the relevant boundary-value problem are presented and their computational aspects are discussed. The Timoshenko beam and th…
Finite element method for a nonlocal Timoshenko beam model
2014
A finite element method is presented for a nonlocal Timoshenko beam model recently proposed by the authors. The model relies on the key idea that nonlocal effects consist of long-range volume forces and moments exchanged by non-adjacent beam segments, which contribute to the equilibrium of a beam segment along with the classical local stress resultants. The long-range volume forces/moments are linearly depending on the product of the volumes of the interacting beam segments, and their relative motion measured in terms of the pure beam deformation modes, through appropriate attenuation functions governing the spatial decay of nonlocal effects. In this paper, the beam model is reformulated wi…
Electron and Energy Transfer Mechanisms: The Double Nature of TiO2 Heterogeneous Photocatalysis
2021
Photocatalytic chemical transformations in the presence of irradiated TiO2 are generally considered in terms of interfacial electron transfer. However, more elusive energy-transfer-driven reactions have been also hypothesized to occur, mainly on the basis of the indirect evidence of detected reaction products whose existence could not be justified simply by electron transfer. Unlike in homogeneous and colloidal systems, where energy transfer mechanisms have been investigated deeply for several organic syntheses, understanding of similar processes in heterogeneous systems is at only a nascent level. However, this gap of knowledge can be filled by considering the important achievements of syn…
Status of EU DEMO heat transport and power conversion systems
2018
Abstract DEMO in Europe is considered to be the nearest-term reactor design to follow ITER and capable of demonstrating production of electricity, operating with a closed fuel-cycle and to be a facilitating machine between ITER and a commercial reactor. The aim of this paper is to show the design progress of the complex system’s “chain” devoted to the extraction of the plasma generated pulsed thermal power and its conversion into electricity delivered to the grid, including the Primary Heat Transport System (PHTS), the Power Conversion System (PCS) and the Intermediate Heat Transport System (IHTS) – provided by an Energy Storage System (ESS) – in between PHTS and PCS, which is introduced fo…
The role of the effect of manufacturing tolerances on a tubular linear ferrite motor
2015
Electric machines are often designed without considering workmanship and materials tolerances. Their manufacturing process involves a series of steps, starting with raw materials and ending with the machine assembly. In each of these steps occur deviations due, for instance, to mistakes in positioning tools or to the tolerances in the electrical and magnetic characteristics of the materials. These deviations may cause unwanted parasitic effects such as torque ripple, losses or acoustic noise. Such effects have to be considered especially in machines used in industrial drives for high performance applications. Moreover the tolerances in the magnetic materials have a considerable effect on th…
Tuneable multicoloured patterns from photonic cross-communication between cholesteric liquid crystal droplets
2014
Monodisperse droplets of planar-aligned cholesteric (N*) liquid crystal exhibit an intriguing capacity for photonic cross-communication, giving rise to colourful patterns that depend sensitively on the N* pitch, droplet positions and illuminated area. The phenomenon results from a combination of omnidirectional selective reflection of N* droplets—which thus act as spherically symmetric self-assembled photonic crystals—and total internal reflection at the continuous phase surface. We outline how the unique optical properties can be employed in numerous applications.
Staging the Impossible for Young Audiences: Preliminary Findings in a Research Project
2009
“You should not be able to notice that it is theatre for children!” says Suzanne Osten, Swedish theatre director. How is this view compatible with her statement that Theatre for Young Audiences (TYA) should always take the child's perspective? In this article I draw attention to Osten's motivation and ability to do what some reckon to be impossible, unheard of, and/or irresponsible. Staging taboos such as divorce, suicide, eating disorders, and schizophrenia for children has been something of a trademark for Osten. I will widen the focus beyond the thematic content, by analyzing how she gives this a formal expression: how theoretical, aesthetic, kinesthetic, and playful approaches challenge…
La traducció de Narcís Oller d'Un llibre trist
2016
Durant el període de crisi creativa que sofreix a finals del s. XIX, Narcís Oller es dedica a la traducció. Una de les obres que tradueix és Un llibre trist, un recull factici de tres textos de Lev Tolstoi. L'estudi comparatiu de la traducció i recepció d'aquestes obres a Europa, revela que Oller utilitzà dues fonts intermèdies franceses per traduir un dels textos, La mort d'Ivan Ilitx, i una sola font per als altres dos, Tres morts i La mort al camp de batalla. La comparació amb les fonts intermèdies també posa de manifest la voluntat d'Oller de fer unes traduccions ben integrades en els sistema lingüístic i cultural català, fins al punt de provocar la il¿lusió que són textos originals. És…
Impact of e-government on transaction cost and FDI inflows: A proposed conceptual framework
2011
Published version of an article in International Journal of Business and Management, 6(11), 285-296. Also available from the publisher at http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v6n11p285 Although vast normative e-government literature supports the assertion that implementation of e-government reduces transaction cost and promotes Foreign Direct Investment; empirical evidence to support this thesis is limited. Even more, there is limited attempt when studying this phenomenon to integrate e-government literature with other literatures in which major constructs of interest are rooted. This article contributes to reducing this gap by establishing a conceptual framework that integrates e-government lite…
E-Government in Marketing a Country: A Strategy for Reducing Transaction Cost of Doing Business in Tanzania
2011
Published version of an article in International Journal of Marketing Studies, 3(4), 2-16. Also available from the publisher at http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v3n4p2 There are limited studies examining the role of Investment Promotion Agencies (IPA’s) and their respective marketing techniques used in attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Using an exploratory case study approach, this article addresses this research gap by exploring the role of e-government as a promotion technique in eliminating barriers to FDI inflows in Tanzania; particularly barriers related to information accessibility and bureaucratic procedures facing foreign investors in acquiring relevant licenses and business…