Search results for "Dog"
showing 10 items of 1087 documents
The dexamethasone suppression test in depressed patients: Clinical and biochemical aspects
1983
Summary Endogenous depression (ED) is regarded as a psychiatric disease with a biological pathogenesis. Consequently patients with ED respond favourably to somatic treatment, whereas for non-endogenously depressed patients drug-treatment would be often inappropriate. Until now, psychopathologists have failed to define precisely the endogenous subtype of depression on clinical features alone. It is well established that a subgroup of depressed patients shows hypersecretion of Cortisol and consequently inadequate suppression of Cortisol after a test dose of dexamethasone. This dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was introduced as a laboratory marker, specifically identifying endogenously dep…
Treatment of skeletal impairment in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism: when and how?
2014
Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis induced by endogenous hypercortisolism are not available. Both the American College of Rheumatology and the International Osteoporosis Foundation recommend to modulate the treatment of exogenous glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) based on the individual fracture risk profile (calculated by FRAX) and dose of glucocorticoid used, but it is difficult to translate corticosteroid dosages to different degrees of endogenous hypercortisolism, and there are no data on validation of FRAX stratification method in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism. Consequently, it is unclear whether such recommendations may be adapted to patients with endoge…
Advance booking across channels: The effects on dynamic pricing
2021
This research analyzes the effects of advance booking and channel type on hotel rates. While this relationship has been addressed in the literature, most studies take a partial approach by focusing only on one distribution channel or one destination. This study fills this gap by analyzing the price dynamics for four channels and multiple destinations. The data set consists of 39,363 bookings for 1085 hotels over 27 consecutive months. We used two-stage least squares to solve potential endogeneity issues, and the results proved that distribution channel, hotel type and hotel size have an influence on the effect of advance booking on hotel rates. Critical managerial implications are discussed…
The neurochemistry of autism
2020
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to complex neurobehavioral and neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests, and altered sensory processing. Environmental, immunological, genetic, and epigenetic factors are implicated in the pathophysiology of autism and provoke the occurrence of neuroanatomical and neurochemical events relatively early in the development of the central nervous system. Many neurochemical pathways are involved in determining ASD; however, how these complex networks interact and cause the onset of the core symptoms of autism remains unclear. Further studies on ne…
Multiplicity of Opioidergic Pathways Related to Cardiovascular Innervation: Differential Contribution of All Three Opioid Precursors
1988
The endogenous opioid family consists of the three precursors proenkephalin (proenkephalin A), prodynorphin (proenkephalin B), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC), from which various opioid and nonopioid peptides can be processed, apparently in a tissue-specific manner (cf. Civelli et al. 1984; Goldstein 1984; Herz 1984; Udenfriend and Kilpatrick 1984; Civelli et al. 1985; Khachaturian et al. 1985; Kosterlitz 1985). Their distribution in areas of the CNS which are involved in cardiovascular regulation is well documented. The biochemistry and functions of endocrine (pituitary and adrenal) opioids have also been well characterized (cf. Millan and Herz 1985). The conception that endocrine and CNS o…
Risk committee complexity and liquidity risk in the European banking industry
2021
Abstract The present study aims to investigate how bank governance characteristics are related to liquidity risk by analysing board composition, gender, and the risk committee. A dynamic panel data model is employed on a sample of European banks during the period after the financial crisis (from 2011 to 2017). Furthermore, we collect information about the profiles of the directors on the boards of banks, thereby creating five categories of risk committee members. To address the endogeneity issue, a generalised method of moments two-step estimator is implemented. The findings highlight that the fundamental role of the risk committee adequately shields banks against general liquidity risks. M…
Endogenous R&D Symmetry in Linear Duopoly with One-way Spillovers
2005
A duopoly model of cost reducing R&D-Cournot market competition is extended to encompass endogenous timing of R&D investments. Under the assumption that R&D spillovers are zero under simultaneous choices of R&D and only flow from the R&D leader to the follower under sequential choices, sequential and simultaneous play at the R&D stage are compared in order to assess the role of technological externalities in stimulating or attenuating endogenous firm asymmetry. The only timing structure of the R&D stage sustainable as subgame–perfect Nash equilibrium involves simultaneous play and thus zero spillovers.
Kościół dla wybranych? O specyfice indyjskich chrześcijan knānāya
2015
Nazwą knānāya (także „południowcy”) określa się jedno z ramion indyjskiego chrześcijaństwa, którego członkowie doszukują się swojej genezy w starożytnej emigracji perskich chrześcijan, przybyłych do Indii pod przewodnictwem kupca Tomasza z Kany. Charakterystyczną cechą tej grupy jest silne przywiązanie do tradycji i bezwarunkowa ochrona tożsamości łączącej współczesnych „południowców” z ich przodkami. Sam fakt głębokiego przywiązania do tradycji i w konsekwencji jej silna ochrona nie powinien dziwić, wszak jest to jedno z podstawowych praw każdej wspólnoty i każdego człowieka. Jednakże knanaici, chcąc zachować „czystość krwi”, zupełnie nie dopuszczają do siebie niczego i nikogo z zewnątrz. …
Direct nucleation of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals onto the surface of living renal epithelial cells in culture
1998
Direct nucleation of calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals onto the surface of living renal epithelial cells in culture. Background. The interaction of the most common crystal in human urine, calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD), with the surface of monkey renal epithelial cells (BSC-1 line) was studied to identify initiating events in kidney stone formation. Methods. To determine if COD crystals could nucleate directly onto the apical cell surface, a novel technique utilizing vapor diffusion of oxalic acid was employed. Cells were grown to confluence in the inner four wells of 24-well plates. At the start of each experiment, diethyloxalate in water was placed into eight adjacent wells, and the pla…
The perioperative management of small animals with previously implanted pacemakers undergoing anaesthesia.
2020
Abstract Objective There is little information in the veterinary literature about the perioperative management of small animal patients with previously implanted pacemakers undergoing elective or emergency non-cardiac procedures. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature with regard to human patients, with previously implanted pacemakers, undergoing general anaesthesia. Using this and the current information on pacemakers and anaesthesia in dogs and cats, we provide recommendations for small animal patients in this situation. Databases used Google Scholar, PubMed and CAB Abstracts using and interlinking and narrowing the search terms: “dog”, “cat”, “small animals”, “an…