Search results for "Doping"

showing 10 items of 801 documents

Mitigation and boosting as face-protection functions

2020

Abstract Mitigation is undeniably and necessarily linked with the social aspect of communication. No speaker mitigates an utterance without a goal in mind, which makes mitigation a means to an end and not an end in itself. Even though the various definitions of mitigation do not assign the same aims to this phenomenon, the social impact it has on the participants in the communication is generally agreed upon throughout the literature (Fraser, 1980; Meyer-Hermann, 1988; Bazzanella et al., 1991; Briz, 1998, 2003; Caffi, 1999; Thaler, 2012; Briz and Albelda, 2013; Schneider, 2013; Albelda et al., 2014; Albelda, 2016, 2018). In this paper, the mitigating and boosting strategies in relationship …

050101 languages & linguisticsLinguistics and LanguageBoosting (doping)business.industryComputer science05 social sciencesSocial impactcomputer.software_genre050105 experimental psychologyLanguage and LinguisticsArtificial IntelligencePhenomenon0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesArtificial intelligencebusinessReality televisioncomputerNatural language processingUtteranceJournal of Pragmatics
researchProduct

Influence of the drawing process on the defect generation in multistep-index germanium-doped optical fibers

2009

International audience; Variation of germanium lone pair center (GLPC) concentration in germanosilicate multistep-index optical fibers and preforms was studied using confocal microscopy luminescence technique. The experimental results provide evidence that in the central core region ([Ge] ~11 wt. % ) of our specific canonical samples the ratio [GLPC]/[Ge] is five times larger in fiber than in preforms. The relative influence of the glass composition and of the drawing process on the generation efficiency of the GLPC defects that drive the glass photosensitivity is discussed. The radial distribution of these defects suggests a possible enhancement of the defect creation related to the intern…

060.2310 180.2520 160.2750 160.5335Optical fiberOptical fiberMaterials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementGermanium02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesFibermicroluminescence[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]irradiationbusiness.industryDoping021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCrystallographic defectAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCore (optical fiber)chemistryGe doping0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescenceRefractive indexOptics Letters
researchProduct

ZrO2 Based materials as photocatalysts for 2-propanol oxidation by using UV and solar light irradiation and tests for CO2 reduction

2018

Abstract Bare ZrO2, Ce doped ZrO2 and Er doped ZrO2 samples have been prepared by a hydrothermal process and have been used as photocatalysts for 2-propanol oxidation reaction in gas solid regime. Moreover, some preliminary tests have been carried out for CO2 reduction. The samples were physico-chemically characterized and both bare and doped ZrO2 based materials resulted active for oxidation and reduction reactions by using UV and solar irradiation. The reactivity results have been correlated with the compositional, structural and morphological features of the photocatalysts.

2-Propanol oxidation; Ce doped ZrO2; CO2 reduction; Er doped ZrO2; Photocatalysis; ZrO2; Catalysis; Chemistry (all)Materials science02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesRedoxHydrothermal circulationCatalysisCatalysisPropanolchemistry.chemical_compoundPhotocatalysiZrO2Reactivity (chemistry)IrradiationPhotocatalysisDoping2-Propanol oxidationChemistry (all)Er doped ZrO2General Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCe doped ZrO2chemistryCO2 reductionPhotocatalysis2-Propanol oxidation Ce doped ZrO2 CO2 reduction Er doped ZrO 2 Photocatalysis ZrO2Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie0210 nano-technologyCO2reduction
researchProduct

Core‐Selective Silver‐Doping of Gold Nanoclusters by Surface‐Bound Sulphates on Colloidal Templates: From Synthetic Mechanism to Relaxation Dynamics

2022

Funding Information: This work was carried out under the ERC Advanced grant (DRIVEN, ERC‐2016‐AdG‐742829), Academy of Finland's Centre of Excellence in Life‐Inspired Hybrid Materials (LIBER, 346108), Academy of Finland (No. 321443, 328942, 308647, and 318891) and Photonic Research and Innovation (PREIN) as well as FinnCERES flagships. L.F. and X.C. thanks for support from CSC (IT Center for Science, Finland) for providing computation resources. The authors acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University OtaNano – Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto‐NMC). | openaire: EC/H2020/742829/EU//DRIVEN Ultra-small luminescent gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have gained substantia…

216 Materials engineeringSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentaletoxicityphotoluminescencedopinggold nanoclusterscellulose nanocrystalsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAdvanced Optical Materials
researchProduct

Ab initio calculations of pure and Co+2-doped MgF2 crystals

2020

This research was partly supported by the Kazakhstan Science Project № AP05134367«Synthesis of nanocrystals in track templates of SiO2/Si for sensory, nano- and optoelectronic applications», as well as by Latvian Research Council project lzp-2018/1-0214. Calculations were performed on Super Cluster (LASC) in the Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP) of the University of Latvia. Authors are indebted to S. Piskunov for stimulating discussions.

AB INITIO CALCULATIONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceSpin statesBand gapAb initioENERGY GAP02 engineering and technologyFLUORINE COMPOUNDS01 natural sciences7. Clean energyMolecular physicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsCobalt dopant0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]MgF2010306 general physicsFluorideInstrumentationCOBALT DOPANTSDopantCRYSTAL ATOMIC STRUCTUREDopingCOBALT COMPOUNDSMAGNESIUM COMPOUNDSDOPANT ENERGY LEVELS021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyVIBRATIONAL STRUCTURESCALCULATIONSCRYSTALSGROUND STATELinear combination of atomic orbitalsCELL PROLIFERATIONAb initioGROUND STATE LEVELS0210 nano-technologyGround state
researchProduct

Residual water and electrical properties of polyaniline

1994

Summary form only given. The work aims to study the mechanism of interaction between water molecules and polyaniline (PANI) backbone as an important constituent of acid-base transformations ensuring good conductive properties of PANI. Experiments have been made using chemically synthesized emeraldine base subjected to different chemical treatments and aging procedures. Thermogravimetric measurement have shown that water content in polymeric matrices may amount up to 20-25 wt.% with two distinguished reversible absorbance states of water molecules. Weakly bond water (3-5 kcal/mol) is incorporated into PANI from ambient atmosphere and could be eliminated by drying at room temperature in vacuu…

Absorbancechemistry.chemical_classificationThermogravimetric analysischemistry.chemical_compoundChemical engineeringChemistryPolyanilineDopingMoleculeOrganic chemistryPolymerConductivityWater contentInternational Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals
researchProduct

[Pt2Cu34(PET)22Cl4]2–: An Atomically Precise, 10-Electron PtCu Bimetal Nanocluster with a Direct Pt–Pt Bond

2021

Heteroatom-doped metal nanoclusters (NCs) are highly desirable to gain fundamental insights into the effect of doping on the electronic structure and catalytic properties. Unfortunately, their controlled synthesis is highly challenging when the metal atomic sizes are largely different (e.g., Cu and Pt). Here, we design a metal-exchange strategy that enables simultaneous doping and resizing of NCs. Specifically, [Pt2Cu34(PET)22Cl4]2- NC, the first example of a Pt-doped Cu NC, is synthesized by utilizing the unique reactivity of [Cu32(PET)24Cl2H8]2- NC with Pt4+ ions. The single-crystal X-ray structure reveals that two directly bonded Pt atoms occupy the two centers of an unusually interpenet…

Absorption spectroscopy010405 organic chemistrySuperatomDopingGeneral ChemistryElectronic structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesNanoclustersSilanolchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryMoleculeDensity functional theoryJournal of the American Chemical Society
researchProduct

Implicit versus explicit attitude to doping: which better predicts athletes’ vigilance towards unintentional doping?

2018

Abstract Objectives This preliminary study examined whether implicit doping attitude, explicit doping attitude, or both, predicted athletes’ vigilance towards unintentional doping. Design A cross-sectional correlational design. Methods Australian athletes (N = 143; Mage = 18.13, SD = 4.63) completed measures of implicit doping attitude (brief single-category implicit association test), explicit doping attitude (Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale), avoidance of unintentional doping (Self-Reported Treatment Adherence Scale), and behavioural vigilance task of unintentional doping (reading the ingredients of an unfamiliar food product). Results Positive implicit doping attitude and explicit…

AdultMaleAdolescentTreatment adherencePerformance-enhancing drugsmedia_common.quotation_subjectPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationAttitude scaledoping050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesC890 Psychology not elsewhere classified0302 clinical medicineC841 Health PsychologyC810 Applied PsychologyurheiluAvoidance LearningHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesOrthopedics and Sports Medicineta315implicit association testmedia_commondoping in sportDoping in Sports05 social sciencesAustraliaImplicit-association testprohibited substances030229 sport sciencesC800 PsychologyCross-Sectional StudiesAttitudeAthletesUnintentional dopingLinear Modelsperformance enhancing drugsFemaleImplicit attitudePsychologyPerformance enhancementSocial psychologyVigilance (psychology)
researchProduct

Inter-individual variation of the urinary steroid profiles in Swedish and Norwegian athletes.

2020

The steroidal module of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) aims to detect doping with endogenous steroids, e.g. testosterone (T), by longitudinally monitoring several biomarkers. These biomarkers are ratios combined into urinary concentrations of testosterone and metabolically related steroids. However, it is evident after 5 years of monitoring steroid passports that there are large variations in the steroid ratios complicating its interpretation. In this study, we used over 11000 urinary steroid profiles from Swedish and Norwegian athletes to determine both the inter- and intra-individual variations of all steroids and ratios in the steroidal passport. Furthermore, we investigated if th…

AdultMaleAgingUrinary systemmedicine.medical_treatmentPharmaceutical SciencePhysiologyUrineNorwegian01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistrySteroid03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineAnabolic AgentsmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryHumans030216 legal & forensic medicineLongitudinal StudiesSpectroscopyTestosteroneUrine Specimen CollectionDoping in SportsSwedenSex CharacteristicsbiologyAthletesbusiness.industryNorway010401 analytical chemistryConfoundingbiology.organism_classificationlanguage.human_language0104 chemical sciencesCircadian RhythmSubstance Abuse DetectionEndogenous steroidslanguageFemaleSteroidsSeasonsbusinessBiomarkersSportsDrug testing and analysisREFERENCES
researchProduct

A follow-up of GH-dependent biomarkers during a 6-month period of the sporting season of male and female athletes

2006

In order to verify the effects of the sporting season (entailing periods of training, competition, recovery, resting) on GH-dependent parameters in male and female athletes from different sporting disciplines, 47 male and female athletes (3 rowers, 5 swimmers, 7 alpine skiers, 3 soccer players, 7 middle distance runners, 14 sprinters, 4 triathletes, 1 road walker, 3 cyclists) were followed-up for a period of 6 months. Blood samples were taken every two months for the evaluation of IGF-I, N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). Abnormal IGF-I, PIIINP and ICTP levels were observed during the follow-up period in …

AdultMaleAgingmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismFemale groupCollagen Type IRunningEndocrinologyN-terminal telopeptideSkiingInternal medicineSoccermedicineHumansInsulin-Like Growth Factor ISwimmingNormal rangeDoping in SportsSex CharacteristicsbiologyHuman Growth Hormonebusiness.industryAthletesbiology.organism_classificationPeptide FragmentsBicyclingSurgeryConcomitantEvery Two MonthsRecombinant GHFemaleMale groupSeasonsPeptidesbusinessBiomarkersProcollagenSports
researchProduct