Search results for "ECONOMIE"

Organization and efficiency of education systems : some empirical findings

2000

International audience; Using a sample of countries chosen for their similar level of development, this article shows the extent to which the organisation of primary and secondary education differs from one country to another, notably with respect to the way in which systems differentiate and select pupils for specialised curricula. It also explores the question of whether an education system that sorts pupils at a very early age is more cost-effective than a system that does not sort pupils during compulsory education. The stylised description of national education system is based on various sources of information. The data used in the cost analysis come from OECD and UNESCO. Due to data l…

The Unfolding of Gender Gap in Education

2015

The gender gap in education against females becomes smaller as the level of development increases and turns in their favor in developed countries. Through analysis of regional variation in the gender gap within Turkey, which displays a similar pattern to the crosscountry pattern, this paper studies the factors that lead to the emergence of a gender gap against females. The data for student achievement and aspirations for further education during compulsory school show that females are just as well prepared and motivated for further education as their male counterparts across regions with very different levels of development. Despite this fact, large gaps arise in high school registration an…

Drivers of Agglomeration: geography VS. History

2009

This paper focuses on the influence of two classical drivers of population agglomeration: geography and history. Geography is identified by two co-ordinates: coastal position and altitude. The prominence of history is also captured by two characteristics: the initial size of the municipalities, and their status as the administrative centre of the area. In first instance we examine localization patterns, at a small geographical scale, according to these characteristics and present empirical evidence of the progressive population concentration along the coast, on the plains and in the regional (provincial) capitals; a process that has not finished in the present days. Next, we show that both …

Disparités géographiques et convergence des régions européennes : une approche par l'économétrie spatiale

2002

The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the convergence process between European regions by taking into account spatial patterns of economic activities. First, with the help of literature reviews on theoretical and empirical analyses of growth and convergence and on economic geography models, we show in chapter 1 why geographic disparities should be introduced in the study of convergence between economies. Next, the spatial statistic and econometric tools allowing to reach this goal are detailed in chapter 2. Finally, three empirical studies of the convergence process in presence of geographic disparities are carried out. They are based on a sample for per capita GDP of 138 regions, belo…

Changes in spatial and sectoral patterns of employment in Ile-de-France, 1978-1997

2006

International audience; This paper investigates the spatial distribution of employment in the region of Ile-de-France in 1978 and 1997. Exploratory spatial data analysis is used to identify employment centres and a sectoral analysis of the central business district (CBD) and sub-centres is performed. The results highlight a process of suburbanisation of employment in Ile-de-France between 1978 and 1997. A more polarised space emerges in 1997 than in 1978, with several employment centres specialised in different activities. Moreover, even if the spatial influence of the CBD declines over the study period, the CBD maintains its economic leadership by concentrating a large variety of high-orde…

La face cachée de la co-création de valeur : l’exemple de l’architecture commerciale française

2019

L’innovation requiert une activité en réseau pour laquelle différents acteurs doivent s’associer. La conduite d’une enquête ethnographique au sein de l’architecture commerciale française souligne l’ambivalence du processus de coproduction. L’analyse identifie des sources de co-création et co-destruction, liées aux motivations des acteurs et à leurs interactions, et rend compte de leurs conséquences. Les détaillants sont invités à se (re)positionner comme des chefs de projet, garants de l’assignation des rôles et de l’arbitrage entre les fonctions créatives et techniques. Le développement de nouvelles plateformes de communication, susceptibles de pallier les biais d’interprétation entre acte…

La aparicion de la ensenanza superior de masa

1985

Los gastos privados de la ensenanza superior en Espana

1998

International audience

La culture en Ile-de-France : toujours une histoire de centralité urbaine

2006

An Experiential Approach to the Consumption Value of Arts and Culture: The Case of Museums and Monuments

2006

This article is intended to enhance our understanding of the consumer experience within the cultural domain. The analysis of arts and culture consumption is based on a paradigm founded on the theory of value, which, in turn, underlies the notion of the consumer experience. By investigating the field of museums and monuments, the authors validate this experiential approach to the consumption value of arts and culture. They recommend that, since a theatrical setting elicits emotional and ludic reactions in individuals and entails visitor participation, attendance at museums and monuments could be increased by means of “theatricalizing” – or adding a show-oriented dimension to the consumer exp…