Search results for "ELIC"
showing 10 items of 1282 documents
Medieval Monastery Gardens in Iceland and Norway
2021
Gardening was an important part of the daily duties within several of the religious orders in Europe during the Middle Ages. The rule of Saint Benedict specified that the monastery should, if possible, contain a garden within itself, and before and above all things, special care should be taken of the sick, so that they may be served in very deed, as Christ himself. The cultivation of medicinal and utility plants was important to meet the material needs of the monastic institutions, but no physical garden has yet been found and excavated in either Scandinavia or Iceland. Especially the Cistercians were well known for being pioneer gardeners, but also other orders like the Benedictines and A…
Eliciting expert knowledge to inform stock status for data-limited stock assessments
2019
Data-limited fisheries are a major challenge for stock assessment analysts, as many traditional data-rich models cannot be implemented. Approaches based on stock reduction analysis offer simple ways to handle low data availability, but are particularly sensitive to assumptions on relative stock status (i.e., current biomass compared to unperturbed biomass). For the vast majority of data-limited stocks, stock status is unmeasured. The present study presents a method to elicit expert knowledge to inform stock status and a novel, user-friendly on-line application for expert elicitation. Expert opinions are compared to stock status derived from data-rich models. Here, it is evaluated how expert…
Changes in lipid composition in tobacco cells treated with cryptogein , an elicitor from Phytophthora cryptogea
1995
Abstract Changes in lipid composition occurred when tobacco cells (Nicotiana tabacum var. Xanthi) were treated with cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor from Phytophthora cryptogea. The most striking change was an increase in acylated steryl glycosides and steryl esters levels, certainly resulting from the glycosylation and/or esterification of free sterols. Moreover, in vivo pulse-labelling experiments with [14C]acetate also showed that a progressive decline in the incorporation rate of [14C]acetate into free sterols started with the induction of sesquiterpenoid synthesis and lasted when sesquiterpenoid synthesis stops. This phenomenon was accompanied by a significant increase in the synth…
Introduction of Mysis relicta (Mysida) reduces niche segregation between deep-water Arctic charr morphs
2019
This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Hydrobiologia. The final authenticated version is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-3953-4. Niche diversification of polymorphic Arctic charr can be altered by multiple anthropogenic stressors. The opossum-shrimp (Mysis relicta) was introduced to compensate for reduced food resources for fish following hydropower operations in Lake Limingen, central Norway. Based on habitat use, stomach contents, stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) and trophically transmitted parasites, the zooplanktivorous upper water-column dwelling ‘normal’ morph was clearly trophically separated from two sympatric deep-water morphs…
Involvement of plasma membrane proteins in plant defense responses. Analysis of the cryptogein signal transduction in tobacco
1999
International audience; Cryptogein, a 98 amino acid protein secreted by the fungus Phytophthora cryptogea, induces a hypersensitive response and systemic acquired resistance in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum var Xanthi). The mode of action of cryptogein has been studied using tobacco cell suspensions. The recognition of this elicitor by a plasma membrane receptor leads to a cascade of events including protein phosphorylation, calcium influx, potassium and chloride effluxes, plasma membrane depolarization, activation of a NADPH oxidase responsible for active oxygen species (AOS) production and cytosol acidification, activation of the pentose phosphate pathway, and activation of two mitoge…
Tobacco cells contain a protein, immunologically related to the neutrophil small G protein Rac2 and involved in elicitor-induced oxidative burst.
1997
Abstract Suspension-cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum generated active oxygen species (AOS) when they were treated with the proteinaceous elicitor, cryptogein. This response was blocked by diphenylene iodonium, an inhibitor of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase. When microsomal extracts of tobacco cells were probed with an antibody directed against the human small G protein Rac2, two immunoreactive proteins were detected at 18.5 and 20.5 kDa. The same experiment performed with cytosolic extracts of tobacco cells led to the observation of a strong immunoreactive protein at 21.5 kDa only in the cryptogein-treated cells. The appearance of this cytosolic protein was related to the production of AOS…
Acquired resistance triggered by elicitins in tobacco and other plants
1996
Elicitins are a family of proteins excreted byPhytophthora spp. They exhibit high sequence homology but large net charge differences. They induce necrosis in tobacco plants which then become resistant to the tobacco pathogenPhytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae. In stem-treated plants, resistance was not restricted to the site of elicitin application, but could be demonstrated by petiole inoculation at all levels on the stem. Resistance was already maximum after two days and lasted for at least two weeks. It was effective not only towardsP. p. var.nicotianae infection, but also against the unrelated pathogenSclerotinia sclerotiorum. In contrast to dichloroisonicotinic acid, an artificial i…
Type-2 histone deacetylases as new regulators of elicitor-induced cell death in plants
2011
voir Addenda, notes additionnelles complétant l'article : "Dahan, J., Hammoudi, V., Wendehenne, D., Bourque, S. (2011). Type 2 histone deacetylases play a major role in the control of elicitor-induced cell death in tobacco. Plant signaling & behavior, 6 (11), 1865-1867. DOI : 10.4161/psb.6.11.17848".; International audience; Plant resistance to pathogen attack is often associated with a localized programmed cell death called hypersensitive response (HR). How this cell death is controlled remains largely unknown. Upon treatment with cryptogein, an elicitor of tobacco defence and cell death, we identified NtHD2a and NtHD2b, two redundant isoforms of type-2 nuclear histone deacetylases (HDACs…
Type 2 histone deacetylases play a major role in the control of elicitor-induced cell death in tobacco
2011
article addendum : Bourque S, Dutartre A, Hammoudi V, Blanc S, Dahan J, Jeandroz S, Pichereaux C, Rossignol M, Wendehenne D., 2011. Type-2 histone deacetylases as new regulators of elicitorinduced cell death in plants. New Phytologist, 192 (1), 127–139. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03788.x; International audience; The cell death which characterizes the onset of the Hypersensitive Response (HR) is a very important weapon evolved by plants to block pathogen development. By the use of numerous plant/avirulent pathogen or plant/elicitor models, we have now obtained detailed signalling pathways allowing, after pathogen or elicitor perception, the control of the expression of specific sets of ge…
Preferential induction of 20S proteasome subunits during elicitation of plant defense reactions: towards the characterization of "plant defense prote…
2003
Plants have evolved efficient mechanisms to resist pathogens. The earliest defense response is the hypersensitive response (HR) considered as the main step leading to plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR) that protects the whole plant against a large spectrum of pathogens. We showed previously that elicitation of defense reactions in tobacco cells by cryptogein, a proteinaceous elicitor of plant defense reactions, leads to a rapid and differential accumulation of transcripts corresponding to genes encoding defense-induced (din) subunits of 20S proteasome: beta1din, alpha3din and alpha6din.Here, expression of these three subunits was investigated by Northern blotting and by Western blotti…