Search results for "ELS"

showing 10 items of 12690 documents

PGC-1α: a master gene that is hard to master

2012

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator that favorably affects mitochondrial function. This concept is supported by an increasing amount of data including studies in PGC-1α gene-deleted mice, suggesting that PGC-1α is a rescue factor capable of boosting cell metabolism and promoting cell survival. However, this view has now been called into question by a recent study showing that adeno-associated virus-mediated PGC-1α overexpression causes overt cell degeneration in dopaminergic neurons. How is this to be understood, and can these seemingly conflicting findings tell us something about the role of PGC-1α in cell stress and in cont…

medicine.medical_specialtyModels NeurologicalSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareRNA-binding proteinBiologyMitochondrionSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceHeat shock proteinInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHomeostasisHumansReceptorMolecular BiologyTranscription factorHeat-Shock ProteinsMice KnockoutPharmacologyPGC-1α Mitochondria Dopaminergic neurons Transgenic animal Adenovirus Parkinson’s diseaseDopaminergic NeuronsDopaminergicRNA-Binding ProteinsParkinson DiseaseCell BiologyPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alphaMitochondriaEndocrinologyCell metabolismNerve DegenerationTrans-ActivatorsMolecular MedicineNeuroscienceHomeostasisTranscription FactorsCellular and Molecular Life Sciences
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Statistical Advances in Epidemiology and Public Health

2021

The key role of statistical modeling in epidemiology and public health is unquestionable [...]

medicine.medical_specialtyModels StatisticalManagement scienceHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPublic healthlcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMEDLINElcsh:MedicineStatistical modelStatisticalEditorialn/aEpidemiologyKey (cryptography)medicinePublic HealthSociologyPublic Health.Introductory Journal ArticleModelInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Neuronal and extraneuronal uptake and efflux of catecholamines in the isolated rabbit heart

1974

1. Isolated rabbit hearts were perfused with (−)-noradrenaline, (−)-adrenaline and (±)-isoprenaline for various time periods (1–180 min) and then washed with an amine-free medium. The venous concentration of the amine was estimated fluorimetrically during the infusion and after its end, to study removal and efflux, respectively. 2. In untreated hearts and after pretreatment with reserpine the removal had a constant rate over 20–60 min. After pretreatment with pargyline to block monoamine oxidase (MAO), however, the removal of noradrenaline declined exponentially to zero. Inhibition of the neuronal uptake (desipramine) and chemical sympathectomy (6-hydroxydopamine) abolished the removal of n…

medicine.medical_specialtyMonoamine Oxidase InhibitorsReserpineTime FactorsEpinephrineMonoamine oxidaseStimulationModels BiologicalHydroxydopaminesNorepinephrineCatecholaminesHeart RateDesipramineIsoprenalineInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsNeuronsPharmacologyChemistryMyocardiumDesipramineIsoproterenolGeneral MedicineCompartment (chemistry)ReserpinePargylinePerfusionEndocrinologyPargylineRabbitsEffluxHalf-Lifemedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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Dynamic angiopoietin-2 assessment predicts survival and chronic course in hospitalized patients with COVID-19

2021

Key Points Three-day change in angiopoietin-2 levels predicts COVID-19 in-hospital mortality, whereas the 10-day trend is associated with chronic lung disability. Angiopoietin-2 may play an important pathogenic role in patients with COVID-19, and it could be a target for new treatments.

medicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysis20CD34Risk Factors ...030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGastroenterologyAntiviral AgentsAngiopoietin-203 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsVascular BiologyInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineHospital MortalitySurvival rateProportional Hazards ModelsAntiviral AgentLungReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelSARS-CoV-2Interleukin-6Risk FactorHazard ratioCOVID-19HematologyBiomarker32Confidence intervalCOVID-19 Drug TreatmentHospitalizationSurvival RateAngiopoietin-2; Antiviral Agents; Area Under Curve; Biomarkers; COVID-19; Hospital Mortality; Hospitalization; Humans; Interleukin-6; Proportional Hazards Models; ROC Curve; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2; Survival Ratemedicine.anatomical_structureROC CurveArea Under Curvecardiovascular systemProportional Hazards ModelbusinessBiomarkersHuman
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GEMS, a GEnetic and Metabolic Staging predicting the outcome of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2021

Background and Aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is an emergent cause of liver-related events(LRE). We have assessed the ability of a composite score based on clinical features, metabolic comorbidities and genetic background, to predict LRE. Methods: 546 consecutive patients with NAFLD were recruited and stratified according to FIB-4(low risk <1.3;intermedium-high risk ≥1.3). LRE were defined as occurrence of HCC or hepatic decompensation. Cox regression multivariate analysis was used to identify baseline variables associated with LRE. Results: Over a median follow-up of 73.8 months, 58 patients experienced LRE(only 1 in the cohort of patients with FIB-4 65 years(HR 17.96), plat…

medicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisHepatologyProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryFatty liverGastroenterologyNon alcoholicDiseasemedicine.diseaseOutcome (game theory)GastroenterologyHelsinki declarationHepatocellular carcinomaDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineCohortMedicinebusinessTM6SF2Digestive and Liver Disease
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Intervention of two voltage-dependent calcium-entry pathways in the contractile response to acetylcholine and KCl in rat uterus.

1994

The contractile response of rat uterine smooth muscle was investigated. Verapamil and diltiazem concentration-dependently relax the sustained contractions induced by KCl (56 mmol/l) or acetylcholine (10(-4) mol/l). This inhibitory effect was not not freely reversed by washing the tissue and subsequently no contractile response was obtained in depolarized tissue, but a lower biphasic response (phasic and tonic) to acetylcholine was observed. Addition of cumulative concentrations of CaCl2 (1.2-19.2 mmol/l) induced a partial recovery of the contractile response to acetylcholine or KCl, but addition of MgCl2 (1.2-19.2 mmol/l did not. When the channel was reactivated by a third addition of KCl o…

medicine.medical_specialtyMuscle RelaxationTonic (physiology)Membrane PotentialsPotassium ChlorideDiltiazemUterine ContractionInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDiltiazemRats WistarPharmacologyMembrane potentialDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryUterusMuscle SmoothGeneral MedicineAcetylcholineRatsElectrophysiologyDose–response relationshipEndocrinologyVerapamilVerapamilCalciumFemaleCalcium Channelsmedicine.symptomAcetylcholinemedicine.drugMuscle contractionPharmacology
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Neurodegenerative changes are prevented by Erythropoietin in the pmn model of motoneuron degeneration

2014

Motoneuron diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by a progressive loss of motoneurons, muscle weakness and premature death. The progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn) mutant mouse has been considered a good model for the autosomal recessive childhood form of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Erythropoietin (Epo) on this mutant mouse. Symptomatic or pre-symptomatic treatment with Epo significantly prolongs lifespan by 84.6% or 87.2% respectively. Epo preserves muscle strength and significantly attenuates behavioural motor deficits of mutant pmn mice. Histological and metabolic changes in the spinal cord evaluated by immunoh…

medicine.medical_specialtyMutantMotor ActivitySpinal Muscular Atrophies of ChildhoodMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceWestern blotInternal medicineReceptors ErythropoietinmedicineAnimalsErythropoietinMotor NeuronsPharmacologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMuscle weaknessSpinal muscular atrophymedicine.diseaseSpinal cordSMA*Mice Mutant StrainsDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologySpinal CordErythropoietinImmunohistochemistrymedicine.symptombusinessNeurosciencemedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Coronary microvascular dysfunction

2020

Patients with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMVD) represent a widespread population and despite the good prognosis, many of them have a poor quality of life with strong limitations in their daily activities because of the angina symptoms. This article summarizes the most frequent clinical presentation pictures like stable and unstable microvascular angina. Main risk factors are discussed, followed by the latest updates on the subject about different pathogenic hypotheses, diagnosis and treatment. Not very well understood microvascular alterations, like slow flow phenomenon and no reflow are discussed and both prognosis and the impact of the disease in the quality of life are analyzed.

medicine.medical_specialtyMyocardial ischemiaMyocardial ischemiaPopulationDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPoor quality03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMicrovascular anginaRisk FactorsCoronary CirculationInternal medicineHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicineAngina symptomseducationeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryMicrovascular anginaSlow-Flow PhenomenonPrognosisCoronary VesselsHearth failureQuality of LifeCardiologyNo-Reflow PhenomenonCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusiness
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Echocardiographic assessment of coronary microvascular dysfunction: Basic concepts, technical aspects, and clinical settings

2021

Abstract Coronary flow reserve is the capacity of the coronary circulation to augment the blood flow in response an increase in myocardial metabolic demands and has a powerful prognostic significance in different clinical situations. It might assess with invasive and noninvasive technique. Transthoracic echocardiography Doppler is an emerging diagnostic technique, noninvasive, highly feasible, safe for patient and physician, without radiation, and able to detect macrovascular and microvascular anomalies in the coronary circulation. This review aims to describe the benefit and limits of echocardiographic assessment of coronary flow reserve.

medicine.medical_specialtyMyocardial ischemiacoronary flow reservecoronary physiologyMyocardial IschemiaReviewsClinical settingsReview030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDoppler echocardiographycoronary flow reserve; coronary microvascular dysfunction; coronary physiology; Doppler echocardiography; microcirculation; Blood Flow Velocity; Coronary Circulation; Echocardiography; Echocardiography Doppler; Humans; Microcirculation; Coronary Vessels; Myocardial IschemiaMicrocirculation03 medical and health sciencesCoronary circulation0302 clinical medicineCoronary CirculationInternal medicineHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging030212 general & internal medicineCoronary Vesselcoronary microvascular dysfunctionmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMicrocirculationDopplerCoronary flow reserveBlood flowCoronary VesselsDoppler echocardiographyEchocardiography Dopplermedicine.anatomical_structureEchocardiographyCardiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessCoronary physiologyBlood Flow VelocityHumanEchocardiography
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Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA): Intracoronary imaging-based diagnosis and management.

2021

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) is defined by clinical evidence of myocardial infarction (MI) with normal or near-normal coronary arteries on angiography. This condition is present in about 5% to 25% of patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes. MINOCA is a working diagnosis. Current guidelines and consensus recommend identification of underlying causes of MINOCA in order to optimize treatment, improve prognosis, and promote prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction. An accurate evaluation of patient history, symptoms and use of invasive and non-invasive imaging should lead to identification of epicardial or microvascular causes of MINOCA an…

medicine.medical_specialtyMyocarditisMyocardial InfarctionContext (language use)Coronary Artery Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCoronary AngiographyCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMyocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arterieRisk FactorsInternal medicineIntravascular ultrasoundmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineMyocardial infarctionmedicine.diagnostic_testOptical coherence tomographybusiness.industryTakotsubo syndrome.Intracoronary imagingmedicine.diseaseCoronary VesselsPlaque AtheroscleroticPulmonary embolismCoronary arteriesmedicine.anatomical_structureAngiographyCardiologyIntravascular ultrasoundCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessJournal of cardiology
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