Search results for "ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION"
showing 10 items of 287 documents
Systemic Inflammation in Metabolic Syndrome: Increased Platelet and Leukocyte Activation, and Key Role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and CCL2/CCR2 Axes in Arteria…
2019
Background: Metabolic syndrome is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation, which is a key driver of premature atherosclerosis. We characterized immune cell behavior in metabolic syndrome, its consequences, and the potential involvement of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and CCL2/CCR2 chemokine axes. Methods: Whole blood from 18 patients with metabolic syndrome and 21 age-matched controls was analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the leukocyte immunophenotypes, activation, platelet-leukocyte aggregates, and CX3CR1 expression. ELISA determined the plasma marker levels. Platelet-leukocyte aggregates adhesion to tumor necrosis factor-&alpha
Regulation of endothelial-type NO synthase expression in pathophysiology and in response to drugs.
2002
In many types of cardiovascular pathophysiology such as hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, diabetes, cigarette smoking, or hypertension (with its sequelae stroke and heart failure) the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is altered. Both up- and downregulation of eNOS have been observed, depending on the underlying disease. When eNOS is upregulated, the upregulation is often futile and goes along with a reduction in bioactive NO. This is due to an increased production of superoxide generated by NAD(P)H oxidase and by an uncoupled eNOS. A number of drugs with favorable effects on cardiovascular disease upregulate eNOS expression. The resulting increase in vascular NO producti…
The interaction between circadian rhythms of endothelial function: resting versus recruitable endothelial function
2013
Naïve hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B patients are at risk of carotid atherosclerosis: A prospective study
2021
BACKGROUND There is an increased risk of atherosclerosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C or human immunodeficiency virus, but there is scarce data on hepatitis B virus infection. The hypothesis of this study is that hepatitis B virus infection increases the risk of carotid plaques and subclinical atherosclerosis in naïve hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative subjects. AIM To assess the rate of carotid plaques and subclinical atherosclerosis in naïve HBeAg negative subjects in comparison with a cohort of healthy controls. METHODS Prospective case-control collaborative study conducted in two tertiary hospitals. Four hundred and two subjects prospectively recruited at the outpatient clin…
Prognostic role of endothelial dysfunction and carotid intima-media thickness in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation
2009
Aim. Impaired endothelial function and increased carotid intima-media thickness are key events in the atherosclerotic process and predict future cardiovascular events in subjects with and without coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the vasodilator response to increased flow in the brachial artery and the presence of carotid lesions may have a prognostic significance for in-stent restenosis in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. Methods. The study population included 58 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting and at least 10 months of follow-up. All patients underwent ultrasound detection of brachial artery re…
Endothelial dysfunction and carotid lesions are strong predictors of clinical events in patients with early stages of atherosclerosis: a 24-month fol…
2008
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the vasodilator response to brachial artery and the presence of carotid lesions may have a prognostic significance in patients with early stages of atherosclerosis. Methods and results Vascular echography was performed to analyze flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) at the brachial artery and intima–media thickness (IMT) of carotid arteries in 84 asymptomatic patients. At baseline, we evaluated all the established traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Transient ischemic attack, stroke, effort or unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular death served as outc…
Should Treatment of Sepsis Include Statins?
2005
During the past decade, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been shown to improve survival in patients with cardiovascular disease. Initially, the beneficial effects of statins were attributed simply to lipid reduction1; however, more recent data suggest that “pleiotropic” properties such as improvement of endothelial dysfunction, increased nitric oxide bioavailability, and antioxidative and antiinflammatory properties may contribute to the improvement of prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Many of these pleiotropic effects of statins are mediated by the ability to block the synthesis of important isoprenoid intermediates, which have been shown to serve as lipid atta…
Role of humanin, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, in cardiovascular disorders
2020
The mitochondria produce specific peptides-mitochondrial-derived peptides-that mediate the transcriptional stress response by their translocation into the nucleus and interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid. Mitochondrial-derived peptides are regulators of metabolism. This class of peptides comprises humanin, mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S ribosomal ribonucleic acid type c (MOTS-c) and small humanin-like peptides (SHLPs). Humanin inhibits mitochondrial complex 1 activity and limits the level of oxidative stress in the cell. Data show that mitochondrial-derived peptides have a role in improving metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Perhaps humanin can be used as a marker f…
Anderson-Fabry Disease: A Multiorgan Disease
2013
Fabry disease (FD) is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme α-galactosidase A . FD causes glycolipids, such as globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), to accumulate in the vascular endothelium of several organs (fig.2), including the skin, kidneys, nervous system, and heart, thereby triggering inflammation and fibrosis . These processes generally result in organ dysfunction, which is usually the first clinical evidence of FD. Patients with classic FD have various symptoms, eg, acroparesthesias, hypohidrosis, angiokeratomas, corneal opacities, cerebrovascular lesions, cardiac disorders, andrenal dysfunction.However, evolving knowledge about the natural course o…