Search results for "ENTRY"
showing 10 items of 211 documents
Stackelberg equilibrium with many leaders and followers. The case of zero fixed costs
2017
Abstract I study a version of the Stackelberg game with many identical firms in which leaders and followers use a continuous cost function with no fixed cost. Using lattice theoretical methods I provide a set of conditions that guarantee that the game has an equilibrium in pure strategies. With convex costs the model shows the same properties as a quasi-competitive Cournot model. The same happens with concave costs, but only when the number of followers is small. When this number is large the leaders preempt entry. I study the comparative statics and the limit behavior of the equilibrium and I show how the main determinants of market structure interact. More competition between the leaders …
Inversion of matrix pencils for generalized systems
1993
Abstract This paper clarifies the nature of the Leverrier-Faddeev algorithm for generalized and state-space systems. It presents useful diagrams for recursive computation of the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial and the coefficient matrices of the adjoint matrix for various matrix pencils. A simplified case covers recursive equations and diagrams for inversion of the second-order matrix pencil (Es2 + A1s + A0) where E may be singular. The appendix provides two examples of mechanical and heat exchange systems which can be described by the generalized models.
Entry with two correlated signals : the case of industrial espionage and its positive competitive effects
2021
Recent advances in information and communication technologies have increased the incentives for firms to acquire information about rivals. These advances may have major implications for market entry because they make it easier for potential entrants to gather valuable information about, for example, an incumbent’s cost structure. However, little theoretical research has actually analyzed this question. This paper advances the literature by extending a one-sided asymmetric information version of Milgrom and Roberts’ (1982) limit pricing model. Here, the entrant is allowed access to an intelligence system (IS) of a certain precision that generates a noisy signal on the incumbent’s cost struct…
Information Sharing and Channel Construction of Supply Chain under Asymmetric Demand Information
2014
Information sharing and marketing channel building have become an important problem of supply chain management theory and practice. The research of information sharing focused on traditional channel of supply chain between upstream and downstream enterprises; however, the research ignores the behavior of information sharing with potential entrants and composite structure characteristics about traditional marketing channel with the direct channel. This paper uses the model to research the effects brought about sharing demand information with potential entrants and building marketing channel, which reveals information sharing and channel building mechanism in the supply chain. The study found…
Echovirus 1 Endocytosis into Caveosomes Requires Lipid Rafts, Dynamin II, and Signaling EventsV⃞
2004
Binding of echovirus 1 (EV1, a nonenveloped RNA virus) to the α2β1 integrin on the cell surface is followed by endocytic internalization of the virus together with the receptor. Here, video-enhanced live microscopy revealed the rapid uptake of fluorescently labeled EV1 into mobile, intracellular structures, positive for green fluorescent protein-tagged caveolin-1. Partial colocalization of EV1 with SV40 (SV40) and cholera toxin, known to traffic via caveosomes, demonstrated that the vesicles were caveosomes. The initiation of EV1 infection was dependent on dynamin II, cholesterol, and protein phosphorylation events. Brefeldin A, a drug that prevents SV40 transport, blocked the EV1 infection…
Influence of surface morphology on melting of polymer crystals II. Loops of random length and partially random reentry
1972
Abstract The melting behavior of single crystals with loops of random length and partially random reentry has been calculated under two different assumptions: (1) at each temperature the loops have an equilibrium end-to-end distance distribution and (2) a certain end-to-end distance distribution of the loops, ω(h), determined by the kinetics of the crystallization is frozen in and maintained during the whole heating process. The ω(h) is calculated by considering the loop formation process during crystallization and by introducing a parameter λ which expresses the tendency of the chains for adjacent reentry. In both cases a melting range is obtained. In case 2, the melting range depends stro…
Early temperament and age at school entry predict task avoidance in elementary school
2016
This study examined the role of temperament, prereading skills, and age at school entry in the development of Finnish children's task avoidance. Teachers rated the task-avoidant behavior of 198 participants in kindergarten and twice in Grades 2 and 3. Parents rated the children's temperament at age 3 and children's prereading skills were measured at age 5. The results showed that, on average, the level of children's task avoidance remained the same from kindergarten to Grade 2 fall, but decreased from Grade 2 fall to Grade 3 spring. A low task avoidance level was predicted by good prereading skills, high effortful control, and high negative affectivity. Low surgency predicted a decrease in …
Mechanisms of Synergy Between Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 in Human Neutrophils
2008
Abstract The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is an important player in the innate inflammatory response to microbial infections. Activation and expression of TREM-1 by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) occurs in concert with Toll-like receptors (TLR) such as TLR4 for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. However, it is currently unclear how this is mediated on a molecular level. Using pharmacologic inhibitors and western blot analysis we demonstrate that phosphatidyl inositide 3-kinase, phospholipase C and the mitogen activated kinase p38 are essential for the TREM-1 and TLR4 mediated respiratory burst of human PMN. The down stream phosphorylation of protein kinase B and…
Entryism in the British Labour Party, 1920- 1992
2022
This work aims at studying entryism in the context of the revolutionary socialist left in Britain, from the inception of the Communist Party of Great Britain in 1920 to the departure of Militant, the largest entryist organisation of the Kingdom, from the Labour Party in 1992.Entryism, which is often at the heart of political myths, is a tactic of penetration of a political party by another, aiming at accomplishing objectives, the nature of which can change depending on the type of entry. The intention of this study is to show to what extent there is not one type of entryism but several ones.The adopted methodology is chronological. The first part is dedicated to the relationship between the…
Crowdfunding in Africa: Opportunities and Challenges
2020
AbstractThe chapter presents the current state of crowdfunding research and practice in Africa while outlining opportunities and challenges associated with them. Conditions of growing popularity of digital and mobile finance, low penetration of traditional financial institutions, and a long cultural heritage of communal mutual support may enhance crowdfunding uptake. On the other hand, conditions of unclear regulation, relatively low levels of internet access, and societies characterized by low social trust may all hinder crowdfunding uptake. Accordingly, African crowdfunding is at its infancy and involves transitory hybrid practices of early adoption, often involving reliance on foreign co…