Search results for "ER STRESS"

Effects of 5-Azacitidine on Dnmt2/Trdmt1 expression levels and endoplasmic reticulum stress in cellular models of insulinoma

2021

Diabetes mellitus affects people all over the world of all ages or social groups making it a worldwide healthcare challenge. Moreover, untreated or badly treated diabetes carries a risk of serious complications including premature death (IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th edition, 2019). The main symptom of diabetes is insulin secretion and/or action disorder leading to hyperglycemia what results in impaired carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism (“Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus,” 2013). Dnmt2/ Trdmt1 in its structure and sequence is similar to DNA methyltransferases, however, it has been shown that mainly methylates aspartic acid transfer RNA, specifically at the cytosine-38 resi…

Relationship Between Oxidative Stress, ER Stress, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes: The Battle Continues

2019

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in which oxidative stress is thought to be a primary cause. Considering that mitochondria are the main source of ROS, we have set out to provide a general overview on how oxidative stress is generated and related to T2D. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress occurs in mitochondria as a consequence of an overload of glucose and oxidative phosphorylation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in oxidative stress, as it is also a source of ROS. The tight interconnection between both organelles through mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAM…

Impact of Aortic Stenosis on Myofiber Stress: Translational Application of Left Ventricle-Aortic Coupling Simulation

2020

The severity of aortic stenosis (AS) has traditionally been graded by measuring hemodynamic parameters of transvalvular pressure gradient, ejection jet velocity, or estimating valve orifice area. Recent research has highlighted limitations of these criteria at effectively grading AS in presence of left ventricle (LV) dysfunction. We hypothesized that simulations coupling the aorta and LV could provide meaningful insight into myocardial biomechanical derangements that accompany AS. A realistic finite element model of the human heart with a coupled lumped-parameter circulatory system was used to simulate AS. Finite element analysis was performed with Abaqus FEA. An anisotropic hyperelastic mo…

Ecophysiological and molecular processes involved in water stress memory in pea: from gene expression regulation to plant hydromineral nutrition

2022

Climate change induces increasingly frequent periods of water deficits during the crop cycle. These periods of water stress negatively impact the plant, notably by limiting the availability of resources (water, mineral elements) and by limiting carbon fixation by the plant. In this context, several studies highlighted the beneficial effect of “priming” of a first stress on the response to a second stress by the induction of a transcriptional memory. This memory depends on epigenetic modifications implemented during the first stress. These modifications can regulate the expression of genes known as “memory genes” which have been characterized in the aerial parts of Arabidospsis and maize. Ho…

Relations between teacher-child interactions and children's learning and motivation in Finnish kindergartens

2012

Physiological and Structural Responses to Prolonged Water Deficit in Young Trees of Two Olive Cultivars

2022

This study aimed to characterize the physiological and structural responses of potted one-year-old olive trees belonging to two olive cultivars—‘Nocellara del Belice’ and ‘Cerasuola’—exposed to prolonged drought under greenhouse conditions. Two irrigation treatments based on evapotranspiration (ET) were imposed for 69 days, i.e., well-watered (WW, 100% ET) and drought-stressed (DS, 10–30% ET). Leaf stomatal conductance (gs), stem water potential (Ψstem), transpiration (E), photosynthetic capacity (Amax), water use efficiency (WUE), stem (Kstem) and root (Kroot) hydraulic conductance, trunk diameter variations (TDV), and leaf patch attenuated pre…

Regional Soil Moisture Retrieval Using Remotely Sensed Crop Water Stress Indicators

2011

Studio dei meccanismi molecolari di risposta al sorafenib e identificazione di nuovi bersagli terapeutici per il trattamento del carcinoma epatocellu…

The activation of aggresomal pathway in Coxsackievirus B3 infection

2016

Aggresomin muodostuminen on yksi solun puolustusmekanismeista, joka pyrkii estämään proteiinien haitallisen aggregoitumisen solulimassa. Aikaisemmat kokeet ovat näyttäneet, että ihmisen enterovirus-infektio aiheuttaa muutoksia vimentiinissä, tyypin III välikokoisessa filamentissa (Turkki et al., julkaisematon data). Nämä muutokset ovat hyvin samankaltaisia aggresomin muodostumisen aikana tapahtuvien muutoksien kanssa. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää mahdollisen aggresomin muodostumisreitin aktivoituminen Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) -infektiossa, ja hypoteesimme oli, että häkkimäisten vimentiinirakenteiden muodostumisen lisäksi myös muita aggresomin muodostumisreitin aktivoitumise…