Search results for "ETHICS"
showing 10 items of 2130 documents
Critical appraisal of tubular putative eumetazoans from the Ediacaran Weng'an Doushantuo biota
2015
Molecular clock analyses estimate that crown-group animals began diversifying hundreds of millions of years before the start of the Cambrian period. However, the fossil record has not yielded unequivocal evidence for animals during this interval. Some of the most promising candidates for Precambrian animals occur in the Weng'an biota of South China, including a suite of tubular fossils assigned to Sinocyclocyclicus, Ramitubus, Crassitubus and Quadratitubus, that have been interpreted as soft-bodied eumetazoans comparable to tabulate corals. Here, we present new insights into the anatomy, original composition and phylogenetic affinities of these taxa based on data from synchrotron radiation …
Performance in Olympic triathlon: changes in performance of elite female and male triathletes in the ITU World Triathlon Series from 2009 to 2012
2013
Abstract This study investigated the changes in performance and sex difference in performance of the world best triathletes at the ITU (International Triathlon Union) World Triathlon Series (i.e. 1.5 km swimming, 40 km cycling and 10 km running) during the 2009-2012 period including the 2012 London Olympic Games. Changes in overall race times, split times and sex difference in performance of the top ten women and men of each race were analyzed using single and multi-level regression analyses. Swimming and running split times remained unchanged whereas cycling split times (ß = 0.003, P < 0.001) and overall race times (ß = 0.003, P < 0.001) increased significantly for both women and men…
Retracted papers on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19
2021
Ethically Researching Local Impacts of Environmental Change without Travel
2021
Responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, which began in 2020, included local and international travel restrictions alongside limits on face-to-face gatherings. These measures impinged on participatory research examining local impacts of environmental change. In response, many researchers adopted techniques that could be implemented without travel. This article explores some of the consequent research ethics issues.
Stoic pragmatist ethics in the time of pandemic
2021
Abstract The present paper is a response, of sorts, to the challenges of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID) and lockdown that we all must face. We have an idea of what doctors, nurses, teachers, among many of the other professions, do for the general public, but one may ask whether there is something substantial that philosophers and ethicists can offer in these circumstances. The thesis of this paper is that the stoic attitude towards times of trouble and the pragmatist way of finding out what is possible to elevate the quality of living against all odds, if skilfully interwoven, could be an important tool in keeping mental health in good shape and, additionally, could contribute to the cult…
Learning from the past in the COVID-19 era: rediscovery of quarantine, previous pandemics, origin of hospitals and national healthcare systems, and e…
2020
Abstract After the dramatic coronavirus outbreak at the end of 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, on 11 March 2020, a pandemic was declared by the WHO. Most countries worldwide imposed a quarantine or lockdown to their citizens, in an attempt to prevent uncontrolled infection from spreading. Historically, quarantine is the 40-day period of forced isolation to prevent the spread of an infectious disease. In this educational paper, a historical overview from the sacred temples of ancient Greece—the cradle of medicine—to modern hospitals, along with the conceive of healthcare systems, is provided. A few foods for thought as to the conflict between ethics in medicine and shortage of personne…
Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN): A review and meta-analysis of studies in psychiatric and neurological disorders
2016
The visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) response is an event-related potential (ERP) component, which is automatically elicited by events that violate predictions based on prior events. VMMN experiments use visual stimulus repetition to induce predictions, and vMMN is obtained by subtracting the response to rare unpredicted stimuli from those to frequent stimuli. One increasingly popular interpretation of the mismatch response postulates that vMMN, similar to its auditory counterpart (aMMN), represents a prediction error response generated by cortical mechanisms forming probabilistic representations of sensory signals. Here we discuss the physiological and theoretical basis of vMMN and review…
Neutralidad y honorabilidad del árbitro: : De la ética a la diligencia
2021
One of the main principles of arbitration is that the arbitral tribunal must be independent, impartial, neutral and diligent in carrying out its duties throughout the arbitration proceedings. However, the sophistication and complexity of arbitration as an extra-judicial dispute resolution procedure can undermine confidence in the efficiency of the system. In this regard, the professional (arbitral) ethics and the honourability of the arbitrator are of major importance. This article aims to highlight the importance of the neutrality of the arbitrator, the integrity of the arbitration and the reputation of this procedure
Portales educativos : la producción de materiales didácticos digitales
2018
El objetivo principal de este artículo es conocer cómo se organiza la producción de los materiales didácticos digitales de creación propia de portales institucionales de recursos educativos, tomando como referencia la perspectiva de sus principales responsables. En concreto, se analiza el caso del repositorio institucional de recursos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias, Ecoescuela 2.0; y del portal de recursos educativos en abierto Procomún (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte). Con este estudio se pretende dar respuesta a distintas cuestiones relacionadas con la autoría de los materiales, el proceso y desarrollo, así como los criterios que establecen los portales institucionales p…
A review of contemporary trends in Higher Education assessment
2015
La evaluación tiene una gran importancia, y contribuye significativamente al aprendizaje de los estudiantes, sobre todo cuando está diseñada para ser adecuada a su propósito, cuando es auténtica y está centrada en la integración de la evaluación con el aprendizaje (lo que comúnmente se denomina evaluación para el aprendizaje). Sobre la base de buenas prácticas internacionales, este artículo propone doce tendencias actuales de evaluación y diez principios para asegurar buenas prácticas, al tiempo que se reconoce que este es un campo en constante evolución, que continuará siendo un reto para los académicos que se impliquen en la evaluación. Assessment is of high importance and contributes sig…