Search results for "ETL"
showing 10 items of 431 documents
La lutte biologique contre l'ambroisie à feuilles d'armoise illustrée par l'exemple d'Ophraella communa: quels intérêts et quelles limites ?
2016
National audience; Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) was introduced in France over 150 years ago and its spreading across France now seems inexorable. The specific biology of this summer annual creates new problems for the managers of the various habitats where the plant can be found. The reduced possibility, or even the impossibility, to use traditional control means in certain environment conditions brings managers to consider biological control as one of the few possible means for slowing down the spread, or even pushing back the distribution area, of this invasive and allergenic plant. With Ophraella communa as an example, a reflection is presented on the benefit-risk balance of …
Effets de la variabilité inter-individuelles et des interactions intra-guildes sur les stratégies d'approvisionnement de carabes consommateurs de gra…
2017
Making a choice requires, implicitly, an investment of time in one behaviour at the expense of an investment in another. Being choosy would increase the risk of losing many food item opportunities to competitors, and is directly in conflict with other essential tasks such as predator avoidance. Individuals are thus expected to adjust their level of choosiness in response to the competition and predation context. The available behavioural ecological theory and the empirical ecology of carabids would suggest that competition and predation interference induces changes in the foraging behaviour of carabid individuals. Carabids typically operate within communities in which competition and predat…
Elucidating the genetic determinism of the plasticity of seed proteins in response to the environment using Medicago truncatula
2019
International audience; Legumes are able to produce high-protein seeds without nitrogen fertilizer through root symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. Rich in lysine, these proteins are used for human nutrition and animal feed. However, instability of seed protein yield and quality due to environmental fluctuations limits the wide adoption of legumes in Europe. Breeding efforts are needed to optimize and stabilize seed nutritional quality. We have studied the plasticity of protein content and composition of seeds from a collection of 200 ecotypes of Medicago truncatula grown under four controlled conditions (optimal, drought, and winter/spring sowing). A quantitative analysis of one-dimen…
A landscape-scale approach for linking farming strategies to weed communities and their contribution to ecosystem services
2019
National audience; Weeds present in agricultural fields provide habitats and trophic resources and as such contribute to the provision of ecosystem services such as pollination (quantity and quality of pollen and nectar in flowers) and biological control (seeds for pest natural enemies). The nature and amount of services provided depends on the floral composition of weed communities and this composition is driven by the combination of farming practices. Linking farming strategies to services is thus an important step to provide management guidelines for enhancing ecosystem services. We report here on such an analysis, based on agronomical and weed data collected annually in 70 field cores a…
Toward a better prediction of in-field weed regulation by carabid beetles in European arable landscapes
2019
International audience; Arable agriculture is still highly reliant on herbicides to manage weeds. As part of the necessary shift towards a reduction in pesticide use, the regulatory effect of seed-eating carabid beetles on weeds has received increasing attention in agroecological research. While strong evidence points to carabids exerting a regulatory effect on certain weed species, it is difficult to predict whether a particular assemblage of carabid species will drive the function of weed seed predation in field conditions. There are also uncertainties about which key local and landscape-scale factors affect the function of weed seed predation. In this paper, we report on specific researc…
MAS Simulation of a “Bush Taxi” Transportation Service : Summary of a project carried out during the MAPS training course
2010
The human and social sciences have always sought to improve their tools and resources in order to spread their knowledge. The most recent of these tools, Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), also known as Agent-Based Models (ABM), is a remarkable means of formalization and visualization of spatial processes. Multi-Agent Systems have already proved to be extremely useful modeling tools in various disciplines such as epidemiology, biology, and ecology, but also economics and geography (Amblard F. 2006). Today's research and methods aiming to deal with spatial problems are more and more treated within the paradigm and theories of complex systems. Indeed, one of the advantages of multi-agent systems, in …
Complémentarité des données de télédétection pour l'analyse des transformations de l'occupation du sol dans des zones humides urbaines. Application a…
2008
International audience; Dans le cadre d'un programme ECOS-Nord, notre étude analyse les transformations récentes de l'occupation du sol sur deux zones humides urbaines : les hortillonnages d'Amiens et les chinampas de Mexico. Malgré des contextes différents, ces deux espaces sont les supports d'usages et de dynamiques très similaires : des techniques identiques d'agriculture sur l'eau et un déclin de l'activité agricole au XXe siècle au profit de celle des loisirs. L'objectif est double : identifier et quantifier les changements sur chacun des sites, puis les confronter de façon à mettre en évidence les points communs et les spécificités locales, tant dans la nature des changements, que dan…
De Lenore (1773) à Lenora (1831) : traduction et création dans l’œuvre de Vassili Joukovski
2011
Ouvrage issu du XXXVIIe Congrès de la SFLGC L’objectif du Congrès de la SFLGC (Université Bordeaux Montaigne, 27-29 octobre 2011); International audience; Joukovski est au fondement de la littérature russe, parce qu'il est traducteur et, qui plus est, traducteur « infidèle » : autrement dit, c'est en transmettant le patrimoine européen à travers le prisme de sa propre subjectivité d'artiste qu'il fonde le romantisme russe. L’article s’interroge sur la conception de la traduction que l’œuvre de Joukovski illustre et sur la pertinence d’une traduction française de son œuvre.
Szkoła - w stronę wielozmysłowego i wielointeligentnego poznawania świata
2019
Artykuł dotyczy teorii inteligencji wielorakich a także kompetencji zawodowych współczesnego nauczyciela jest interdyscyplinarnym ujęciem zagadnienia z pogranicza - : psychologii, neurobiologii – a umiejscowionych kontekstach współczesnej pedagogiki. Teoria o istnieniu wielu niezależnych od siebie inteligencji Howarda Gardnera kwestionująca traktowanie inteligencji jako „jednolitej konstrukcji” jest bazą wyjściową do deliberacji nad osobniczymi predylekcjami sensorycznymi ucznia. Zdobyta wiedza takiej proweniencji pozwala nauczycielowi na bardziej kreatywną interakcje edukacją i wychowawczą z uczniem
Macrophytes in Inland Waters: From Knowledge to Management
2023
The huge biodiversity of inland waters and the many different aquatic habitats or ecosystems occurring there are particularly threatened by human impacts. In this Special Issue, ten articles have been collected that show new data on the distribution and ecology of some rare aquatic macrophytes, including both vascular plants and charophytes, but also on the use of these organisms for the monitoring, management, and restoration of wetlands.