Search results for "Economic History"
showing 10 items of 273 documents
Estimating the gravity equation with the actual number of exporting firms
2013
Para estimar correctamente el efecto de los costes de comerciar sobre las exportaciones de las empresas, la ecuación de gravedad debe controlar por el número de empresas que opera en el mercado internacional. Debido a la ausencia de datos, estudios anteriores han controlado esta variable mediante técnicas econométricas que también pueden generar estimaciones sesgadas. Para superar estos problemas este trabajo estima una ecuación de gravedad utilizando una nueva base de datos de la OCDE y EUROSTAT , que incluye el número de empresas exportadoras en cada relación bilateral. Nuestros resultados muestran que no controlar el margen extensivo genera sesgos muy importantes en la estimación de los …
Les followers ont-ils vraiment de l'importance dans le modèle de Stackelberg?
2011
In this paper, we consider a T-stage linear model of Stackelberg oligopoly. First, we show geometrically and analytically that under the two conditions of linear market demand and identical constant marginal costs, the T-stage Stackelberg model reduces to a model where T oligopolies exploit residual demand sequentially. At any stage, leaders behave as if followers did not matter. Second, we study social welfare and convergence toward competitive equilibrium. Especially, we consider the velocity of convergence as the number of firms increases. The convergence is faster when reallocating firms from the most to the less populated cohort until equalizing the size of all cohorts.
Eminence, or rather eloquence, or rather economy-based medicine?
2004
Evaluating the (Your Country Here) Olympic Medal Count
2013
An Olympic Games is a measurable test of a nation´s sporting power. Medal counts are the object of intense scrutiny after every Olympiad. Most countries celebrate any medal with national glee, since 60% of competing countries will win none. In 2012, 10% of the competing countries won 75% of all medals. Despite this concentration among a few countries, more countries are winning more medals now than 20 years ago, thanks in part to athlete-support and -development programs arising around the globe. Small strong sporting countries like Norway are typified by fairly large variation in medal results from Olympiad to Olympiad and a high concentration of results in a few sports. These are importan…
Identità, valore, prezzo: nuove proposte di analisi e comparazione sul mercato degli schiavi a Napoli in età moderna
2017
International audience; This article aims at studying the formation process of personal identities of men forced to work at the oar in Naples at the end of the 16th century in comparison with the Kingdom of Valencia at the beginning of the 17th. At that time, Naples and Valencia were two of the most important slave markets as well as trading cities of the Spanish Empire. The research will take into account two types of sources that have remained largely unexplored by historiography to date, and especially a book dating back to 1585 detailing the biographies of 657 slaves. This will make it possible to focus in depth on slaves identities and in particular on the estimation process regarding …
Uniform nanoporous graphene sponge from natural polysaccharides as a metal-free electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation
2019
[EN] Structuring of graphene as graphene sponges in the submicrometric scale has been achieved by using silica spheres (80 nm diameter) as hard templates and chitosan or alginate as precursor of defective N-doped or undoped graphene, respectively. The resulting defective N-doped graphene sponge exhibits a remarkable activity and stability for hydrogen evolution reaction with onset at 203 mV for a current density of 0.5 mA cm(-2) with a small Tafel plot slope of 69.7 mV dec(-1). In addition, the graphene sponge also exhibits a high double layer capacitance of 11.65 mF cm(-2). Comparison with an analogous N-doped graphene sample shows that this electrochemical properties derive from the spati…
The Nation-State Relation in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland
2020
Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest ustalenie, w jakich wzajemnych relacjach twórca Konstytucji RP z 1997 r. usytuował naród i państwo. W tekście przedstawiono dwa przeciwstawne nurty, wskazujące, jak postrzegany jest ten stosunek w literaturze tzw. państw zachodu oraz państw, które wstąpiły do tego grona w przeciągu ostatnich dekad. Przedstawione zostały argumenty wskazujące na empiryczną prawdziwość nurtu prezentowanego przez polskich przedstawicieli nauki – nurtu wschodnioeuropejskiego. Wskazano, iż państwo nie jest nieodzownym kryterium narodowotwórczym, a co za tym idzie, iż państwo nie zawsze jest pierwotne względem narodu. Następnie zaprezentowano dwie koncepcje narodu przyjęte …
A Scholar in Action in Interwar America. John H. Williams' Contributions to Trade Theory and International Monetary Reform
2004
In this paper we analyse the scientific contributions of Harvard economist John H. Williams as international trade theorist and monetary reformer together with his activities as a Vice President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. In the first 2 Sections we first present a succinct overview of Williams' main contributions to international trade theory and to the interwar debate on the reform of the international monetary system. Particular attention will be devoted to his early academic writings which contained different critical arguments against the two main tenets of classical international economics: the Ricardian theory of comparative advantages and the gold standard. These critic…
Constructing the Centre from the Periphery
2003
During recent decades, scientific activity in the Spanish Enlightenment has attracted the attention of many historians of science. The policies of enlightened governments have been regarded as an important step in the process of modernisation of eighteenth-century Spanish society. At the beginning of that century, a new Bourbon dynasty was established in Spain and its policies have been regarded — mainly by conservative historians — as an attempt to introduce “foreign” ideas and practices into Spain. These policies have also been considered as a major effort to “modernise” a supposedly traditionalist country isolated from the rest of Europe and under the control of the powerful Catholic Chu…
The Recomposition of Bureaucratic Forms in Territorial Development. Territorial Engineering and Intermediation in Project Territories
2013
L’ingénierie territoriale mobilise un répertoire de savoirs et d’objets intermédiaires au cœur du processus de création territoriale. Cet équipement cognitif est nécessaire à la cohésion de l’action publique multiniveaux au sein du territoire de projet. Dans ce contexte, bien que les modalités de gestion des contrats d’action publique ne dénaturent par la fonction médiatrice de ce répertoire, elles sont standardisées par les forces de l’isomorphisme institutionnel. L’ingénierie territoriale se bureaucratisant, elle administre des procédures qui font des territoires des segments d’exécution d’une politique définie indépendamment des enjeux territoriaux. At the heart of territorial processing…