Search results for "Economics"

showing 10 items of 14389 documents

The enrichment ratio of atomic contacts in crystals, an indicator derived from the Hirshfeld surface analysis

2014

An enrichment ratio is derived from the decomposition of the crystal contact surface between pairs of interacting chemical species. The propensity of different contact types to form is investigated.

inorganic chemicalsHydrogeneducationStackingchemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistrybehavioral disciplines and activities01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCrystal[CHIM.CRIS]Chemical Sciences/CristallographyHirshfeld surface analysisGeneral Materials ScienceChemical compositionhealth care economics and organizationsCrystallography010405 organic chemistryChemistryHydrogen bondIntermolecular forceGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsResearch Papersfingerprint plotshumanities0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyChemical speciesQD901-999Fluorineenrichment ratiocrystal packingIUCrJ
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Mipomersen: a lipid-lowering agent with a novel mechanism of action

2013

“...mipomersen is a ... valuable alternative to apheresis for patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.”

inorganic chemicalsLdl cholesterolChemistryEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMipomersenLipid-lowering agentnutritional and metabolic diseasesPharmacologybehavioral disciplines and activitieshumanitiesantisense oligonucleotides LDL cholesterol lipid lowering mipomersen statinsApheresisMechanism of actionAntisense oligonucleotidesmedicineLipid loweringmedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinehealth care economics and organizationsClinical Lipidology
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Optical determination and identification of organic shells around nanoparticles: application to silver nanoparticles

2013

We present a simple method to prove the presence of an organic shell around silver nanoparticles. This method is based on the comparison between optical extinction measurements of isolated nanoparticles and Mie calculations predicting the expected wavelength of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of the nanoparticles with and without the presence of an organic layer. This method was applied to silver nanoparticles which seemed to be well protected from oxidation. Further experimental characterization via Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) measurements allowed to identify this protective shell as ethylene glycol. Combining LSPR and SERS measurements could thus give proof of both …

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceMie scatteringeducationSilver nanoparticleShell (structure)FOS: Physical sciencesNanoparticlePhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSilver nanoparticlesurface enhanced raman spectroscopychemistry.chemical_compoundlocalized surface plasmon resonanceMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMie theoryGeneral Materials ScienceSurface plasmon resonancehealth care economics and organizationsPlasmonCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicstechnology industry and agricultureMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical engineering[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonicorganic shells0210 nano-technologyEthylene glycol
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One pot light assisted green synthesis, storage and antimicrobial activity of dextran stabilized silver nanoparticles.

2014

Background Green synthesis of nanomaterials finds the edge over chemical methods due to its environmental compatibility. Herein, we report green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) mediated with dextran. Dextran was used as a stabilizer and capping agent to synthesize Ag NPs using silver nitrate (AgNO3) under diffused sunlight conditions. Results UV–vis spectra of as synthesized Ag nanoparticles showed characteristic surface plasmon band in the range from ~405-452 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies showed spherical Ag NPs in the size regime of ~50-70 nm. Face centered cubic lattice of Ag NPs was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceSilverReducing agentScanning electron microscopeeducationBiomedical EngineeringDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMedicine (miscellaneous)Pharmaceutical ScienceMetal NanoparticlesNanotechnologyBioengineeringMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAntimicrobial activityMicroscopy Atomic ForceApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologySilver nanoparticleNanomaterialsStorage of nanoparticleschemistry.chemical_compoundAnti-Infective AgentsX-Ray DiffractionDiffused sun lightSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredThin filmhealth care economics and organizationsAg nanoparticlesResearchtechnology industry and agricultureDextransGreen Chemistry TechnologySilver nitrateDextranchemistryMicroscopy Electron ScanningMolecular MedicineSilver NitrateSpectrophotometry UltravioletPowder diffractionNuclear chemistryJournal of nanobiotechnology
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Silver-loaded nanoparticles affect ex-vivo mechanical behavior and mineralization of dentin

2019

Background: The aim was to evaluate the effect of silver loaded nanoparticles (NPs) application on the triboscopic, crystallographic and viscoelastic properties of demineralized dentin. Polymethylmetacrylate-based NPs and Ag loaded NPs were applied on demineralized dentin. Material and Methods: Treated and untreated surfaces were probed by a nanoindenter to test viscoelasticity, and by atomic force microscopy to test nanoroughness and collagen fibril diameter. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy through selected area diffraction and bright-field imaging were also used. Results: Dentin treated with Ag-NPs attained the lowest complex modulus, and the highest tan delta value…

inorganic chemicalsMaterials scienceSilverTime FactorsMineralizationSurface PropertiesNanoparticleMetal NanoparticlesViscoelastic SubstancesMicroscopy Atomic ForceApatite03 medical and health sciencesCrystallinity0302 clinical medicineMicroscopy Electron TransmissionX-Ray Diffractionstomatognathic systemMaterials TestingDentinmedicineHumansPolymethyl MethacrylateComposite materialGeneral Dentistryhealth care economics and organizationsViscoelasticOral Medicine and PathologyResearchtechnology industry and agriculture030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]MechanicalRoughnessstomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artTooth RemineralizationUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASDentinvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSurgeryNanoindenterCrystalliteCollagenSelected area diffraction
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Gelation of semiflexible polyelectrolytes by multivalent counterions

2012

Filamentous polyelectrolytes in aqueous solution aggregate into bundles by interactions with multivalent counterions. These effects are well documented by experiment and theory. Theories also predict a gel phase in isotropic rodlike polyelectrolyte solutions caused by multivalent counterion concentrations much lower than those required for filament bundling. We report here the gelation of Pf1 virus, a model semiflexible polyelectrolyte, by the counterions Mg(2+), Mn(2+) and spermine(4+). Gelation can occur at 0.04% Pf1 volume fraction, which is far below the isotropic-nematic transition of 0.7% for Pf1 in monovalent salt. Unlike strongly crosslinked gels of semiflexible polymers, which stif…

inorganic chemicalschemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionChemistrymacromolecular substancesGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsArticlePolyelectrolyteProtein filamentChemical physicsPolymer chemistryVolume fractionElasticity (economics)CounterionSofteningSoft Matter
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Crystal structure ofN-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)glycyl-(Z)-β-bromodehydroalanine methyl ester [Boc–Gly–(β-Br)(Z)ΔAla–OMe]

2014

In a de­hydro­amino acid with a C=C bond between the α- and β-C atoms, the amino acid residues are linked trans to each other and there are no strong intra­molecular hydrogen bonds. The torsion angles indicate a non-helical conformation of the mol­ecule.

inorganic chemicalscrystal structureStereochemistryeducationCrystal structurebehavioral disciplines and activitiesResearch CommunicationsSteric repulsionlcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundde­hydro­amino acidβ-bromo­dehydro­alaninedehydroamino acidnon-helical conformationGeneral Materials Science[beta]-bromo­dehydro­alanineAmino acid residuehealth care economics and organizationsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesDipeptideChemistryHydrogen bondGeneral Chemistryhydrogen bondingCondensed Matter Physicshumanitieslcsh:QD1-999β-bromodehydroalanineAlanine methyl esterActa Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online
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Dimensional encapsulation of I− I 2 I− in an organic salt crystal matrix

2010

Bis(trimethylammonium)hexane diiodide encapsulates iodine from solution and through a gas/solid reaction yielding in a predictable and controllable manner the selective formation of the rare polyiodide species I(-)...I-I...I(-), which matches in length to the chosen dication.

inorganic chemicalseducationInorganic chemistryMetals and Alloyschemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistrySolid reactionIodinebehavioral disciplines and activitieshumanitiesCatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDicationHexanePolyiodidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMaterials ChemistryCeramics and Compositeshealth care economics and organizations
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Failure of the normalization of the RAS method : absorption and fabrication effects are still incorrect

2000

The r and s vectors of the RAS method of updating matrices are presented often as corresponding to an absorption effect and a fabrication effect. Here, it is proved that these vectors are not identified, so their interpretation in terms of fabrication and absorption effect is incorrect and even if a normalization was proposed to remove underidentification, this normalization fails and poses many difficulties.. Keywords : Input-Output ; RAS ; Biproportion

input-outputjel:C63économieeconomic theoryjel:C67economics[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financejel:D57biproportiongestion[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesmanagement economics[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Financemanagement
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Les formations professionnelles de l'enseignement supérieur en France au prisme de l'insertion et de la mobilité sociale des diplômés

2014

La professionnalisation des formations dans l'enseignement supérieur en France s'est développée ces dernières décennies avec pour objectif d'améliorer l'employabilité des jeunes diplômés dans un contexte de dégradation de leurs conditions d'insertion. À partir des trois dernières enquêtes Génération du Céreq, ce travail questionne la performance de ces filières professionnelles par rapport aux filières plus académiques de l'enseignement supérieur, en période de crise économique. Certaines formations, comme par exemple les licences professionnelles, garantissent toujours de bonnes conditions d'insertion, pour autant les effets concernant la mobilité sociale en début de carrière, sont plus nu…

insertion professionnelle des jeunesSocial Psychology[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Educationschool to work transition[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationEnseignement supérieurEducationMobilité sociale0502 economics and businessDevelopmental and Educational Psychologysocial mobility050207 economicsBachelor graduateslicence professionnelle4. Education05 social sciencesInsertion professionnelleenseignement supérieur050301 education[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationLicence professionnellemobilité socialehigher education8. Economic growthJeunevocational integration0503 education
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