Search results for "Electrochemical gradient"

showing 4 items of 14 documents

Fine–grained spinel ferrites: From the reactivity to magnetic properties

1998

The oxidation at low temperature of fine-grained ferrites containing oxidizable cations such as Cu + , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Mo 3+ , V 3+ , has led to new mixed-valent cation deficient ferrites with a large number of vacancies. It has been demonstrated by DTG analysis that each cation oxidizes at a specific temperature in close relation with the cation-oxygen distance. The kinetics oxidation of each oxidizable cation has been explained on the basis of a diffusion-induced stress effect when these stresses are generated by the chemical gradient induced during the oxidation process. When fine-grained ferrites contain some Co-cations, it has been revealed that the stresses have a significant influenc…

Stress effectsChemistryInorganic chemistrySpinelKineticsCoercivityengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsChemical synthesisElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsengineeringReactivity (chemistry)Oxidation processElectrochemical gradientInstrumentationThe European Physical Journal Applied Physics
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Influence of lactose-citrate co-metabolism on the differences of growth and energetics in Leuconostoc lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenter…

1999

International audience; The biodiversity of growth and energetics in Leuconostoc sp. has been studied in MRS lactose medium with and without citrate. On lactose alone, Ln. lactis has a growth rate double that of Ln. cremoris and Ln. mesenteroides. The pH is a more critical parameter for Ln. mesenteroides than for Ln. lactis or Ln. cremoris; without pH control Ln. mesenteroides is unable to acidify the medium under pH 4.5, while with pH control and as a consequence of a high Y(ATP) its growth is greater than Ln. lactis and Ln. cremoris. In general, lactose-citrate co-metabolism increases the growth rate, the biomass synthesis, the lactose utilisation ratio, and the production of lactate and …

biologyChemiosmosisIntracellular pHMetabolismbiology.organism_classificationStreptococcaceaeApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compound[INFO.INFO-BT] Computer Science [cs]/BiotechnologychemistryBiochemistryLeuconostoc mesenteroides[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyLactoseElectrochemical gradient[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBacteria[ INFO.INFO-BT ] Computer Science [cs]/Biotechnology
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Coupling of proton translocation through ATPase incorporated into supported lipid bilayers to an electrochemical process

1997

Abstract H+-ATPase is incorporated into solid-supported lipid bilayers separated from the gold support by a peptide spacer. The translocation of protons across the lipid film to the inner side is coupled to the discharge of protons at the gold surface. The overall process is investigated by square wave voltammetry (SWV) and double potential-pulse chronoamperometry (CA). As a result, the formation of a proton gradient is monitored by SWV whereas currents measured by CA monitor the stationary state when the enzyme activity is directly coupled to the charge transfer at the electrode. These currents markedly depend on the number of ATPases present in the bilayer.

biologyChemistryATPaseBilayerBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryChronoamperometryElectrochemistryElectrodeElectrochemistrybiology.proteinBiophysicsLipid bilayer phase behaviorPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLipid bilayerElectrochemical gradientBioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics
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Structure and function of ferredoxin-NADP+-oxidoreductase

1987

The redox-enzyme ferredoxin-NADP-oxidoreductase has been shown to be activated by light and inactivated in the dark. This review will summarize recent data concerning the biochemical characterization of the enzyme compared to its in-vivo activation. Further-more the mechanism of this activation process is discussed as a conformational change caused by the light-driven proton gradient.

chemistry.chemical_classificationConformational changeChemistryCell BiologyPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineBiochemistryLight effectFerredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductaseStructure and functionEnzymeBiochemistrysense organsElectrochemical gradientFerredoxin—NADP(+) reductaseFerredoxinPhotosynthesis Research
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