Search results for "Electron temperature"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
On the Spectral Evolution of Cygnus X-2 along its Color-Color Diagram
2002
We report on the results of a broad band (0.1-200 keV) spectral study of Cyg X-2 using two BeppoSAX observations taken in 1996 and 1997, respectively, for a total effective on-source time of ~100 ks. The color-color (CD) and hardness-intensity (HID) diagrams show that the source was in the horizontal branch (HB) and normal branch (NB) during the 1996 and 1997 observation, respectively. Five spectra were selected around different positions of the source in the CD/HID, two in the HB and three in the NB. These spectra are fit to a model consisting of a disk blackbody, a Comptonization component, and two Gaussian emission lines at ~1 keV and ~6.6 keV, respectively. The addition of a hard power-…
Properties of the δ Scorpii Circumstellar Disk from Continuum Modeling
2006
We present optical $WBVR$ and infrared $JHKL$ photometric observations of the Be binary system $\delta$ Sco, obtained in 2000--2005, mid-infrared (10 and $18 \mu$m) photometry and optical ($\lambda\lambda$ 3200--10500 \AA) spectropolarimetry obtained in 2001. Our optical photometry confirms the results of much more frequent visual monitoring of $\delta$ Sco. In 2005, we detected a significant decrease in the object's brightness, both in optical and near-infrared brightness, which is associated with a continuous rise in the hydrogen line strenghts. We discuss possible causes for this phenomenon, which is difficult to explain in view of current models of Be star disks. The 2001 spectral energ…
Observation of disorder-induced weakening of electron-phonon interaction in thin noble-metal films
2003
We have used symmetric normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction pairs, known as SINIS structures, for ultrasensitive thermometry in the temperature range 50 - 700 mK. By Joule heating the electron gas and measuring the electron temperature, we show that the electron-phonon (e-p) scattering rate in the simplest noble metal disordered thin films (Cu,Au) follows a $T^4$ temperature dependence, leading to a stronger decoupling of the electron gas from the lattice at the lowest temperatures. This power law is indicative e-p coupling mediated by vibrating disorder, in contrast to the previously observed $T^3$ and $T^2$ laws.
Direct measurement of the electron‐phonon relaxation rate in thin copper films
2004
We have used normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction pairs, known as SINIS structures, for ultrasensitive thermometry at sub-Kelvin temperatures. With the help of these thermometers, we have developed an ac-technique to measure the electron-phonon (e-p) scattering rate directly, without any other material or geometry dependent parameters, based on overheating the electron gas. The technique is based on Joule heating the electrons in the frequency range DC-10 MHz, and measuring the electron temperature in DC. Because of the nonlinearity of the electron-phonon coupling with respect to temperature, even the DC response will be affected, when the heating frequency reaches th…
A Hard Tail in the Broad Band Spectrum of the Dipper XB 1254-690
2001
We report on the results of spectral analysis of the dipping source XB 1254-690 observed by the BeppoSAX satellite. We find that the X-ray dips are not present during the BeppoSAX observation, in line with recent RXTE results. The broad band (0.1-100 keV) energy spectrum is well fitted by a three-component model consisting of a multicolor disk blackbody with an inner disk temperature of ~0.85 keV, a comptonized spectrum with an electron temperature of ~2 keV, and a bremsstrahlung at a temperature of ~20 keV. Adopting a distance of 10 kpc and taking into account a spectral hardening factor of ~1.7 (because of electron scattering which modifies the blackbody spectrum emitted by the disk) we e…
Plasma heating power dissipation in low temperature hydrogen plasmas
2015
A theoretical framework for power dissipation in low temperature plasmas in corona equilibrium is developed. The framework is based on fundamental conservation laws and reaction cross sections and is only weakly sensitive to plasma parameters, e.g., electron temperature and density. The theory is applied to low temperature atomic and molecular hydrogen laboratory plasmas for which the plasma heating power dissipation to photon emission, ionization, and chemical potential is calculated. The calculated photon emission is compared to recent experimental results.
The diagnostic potential of Fe lines applied to protostellar jets
2013
We investigate the diagnostic capabilities of the iron lines for tracing the physical conditions of the shock-excited gas in jets driven by pre-main sequence stars. We have analyzed the 300-2500 nm X-shooter spectra of two jets driven by the pre-main sequence stars ESO-Halpha 574 and Par-Lup 3-4. Both spectra are very rich in [FeII] lines over the whole spectral range; in addition, lines from [FeIII] are detected in the ESO-H\alpha 574 spectrum. NLTE codes along with codes for the ionization equilibrium are used to derive the gas excitation conditions of electron temperature and density, and fractional ionization. The iron gas-phase abundance is provided by comparing the iron lines emissivi…
Electron–phonon interaction in a thin Al–Mn film
2006
Abstract Aluminum doped with manganese is an interesting novel material with applications in normal metal–insulator–superconductor (NIS) tunnel junction devices and transition-edge sensors at sub-Kelvin temperatures. We have studied the electron–phonon (e–p) coupling in a thin aluminum film doped with 1% manganese, with a measuring technique based on DC hot-electron effect. The electron temperature was measured with the help of symmetric normal metal–insulator–superconductor tunnel-junction pairs (SINIS-thermometers). Measurements show that the temperature dependence of the e–p interaction is not consistent with existing theories for disordered metals, but follows a higher power law.
Presence of a soft excess between 0.6 keV and 0.9 keV in the energy spectrum of Cir X-1
2004
Abstract We report on the results of a new BeppoSAX (0.12–200 keV) observation of the peculiar X–ray binary source Circinus X–1 (Cir X–1) near the apastron. We produced a color-color diagram and selected seven different zones. We fitted the spectra obtained from each zone using a model consisting of a blackbody component, at a temperature of ∼0.5 keV, and a Comptonized component, with a seed-photon temperature of ∼1 keV, electron temperature of ∼2.7 keV and optical depth of ∼11. A soft excess between 0.6 keV and 0.9 keV is present in four out of the seven extracted spectra. To fit the soft excess we tried several continuum emission models, and we find good results only adding a further blac…
A BeppoSAX study of the Galactic Z-source GX 340+0
2004
Abstract We present the results of a BeppoSAX broad band (0.1–200 keV) observation of the Z-source GX 340+0. The 1.8–30 keV continuum is well described by a blackbody ( kT BB ∼0.5 keV) plus a Comptonized component with seed photons temperature ∼ 1 keV and electron temperature ∼ 3 keV. A hard tail dominates the spectrum above 30 keV. It can be fitted using a bremsstrahlung component or, equivalently, a powerlaw (with a low-energy cutoff). We detect also a Gaussian line at ∼6.8 keV and an absorption edge at ∼9.2 keV. A low-energy (∼1 keV) unresolved feature needs further investigations.