Search results for "Elmi"
showing 10 items of 767 documents
The importance of integrative approaches in nematode taxonomy: the validity of Parapharyngodon and Thelandros as distinct genera
2018
AbstractDespite the advances of molecular tools, new nematode species are still described mainly based on morphological characters. Parapharyngodon and Thelandros are two genera of oxyurids with unclear related taxonomic histories. Here we use morphological characters (linear measurements and categorical variables) and genetic information (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA and COI partial gene sequences) to confirm the relationships between representatives of these two genera and to determine whether they can be discriminated morphologically. Genetic results confirm the existence of two main clades, mostly congruent with Parapharyngodon and Thelandros genera but with several discordances. Thelandros is po…
Development of an antibody-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting echinostoma caproni (trematoda) in experimentally infected r…
2003
The present study reports on the development of a coproantigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting Echinostoma caproni in experimentally infected rats. The capture ELISA was based on polyclonal rabbit antibodies that recognize excretory–secretory (ES) antigens. The detection limit of pure ES was 3 ng/ml in sample buffer and 60 ng/ml in fecal samples. The test was evaluated using a follow-up of 10 rats experimentally infected with 100 metacercariae of E. caproni, and the results were compared with those of other diagnostic methods such as parasitological examination and antibody titers determined by indirect ELISA. Coproantigens were detected in all the infected r…
Kinetics of antibodies and antigens in serum of mice experimentally infected with echinostoma caproni (trematoda: echinostomatidae)
2005
The present study reports on the kinetics of antibodies and antigens in serum of mice experimentally infected with 75 metacercariae of Echinostoma caproni during the first 12 wk postinfection (wpi). Antibody titers in the serum of mice were determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using excretory/secretory (ES) antigens of E. caproni. The early detection of antibodies against ES antigens of E. caproni is feasible using indirect ELISA. Mice developed significant antibody responses at 2 wpi, and the values progressively increased until the end of the experiment. This may be related to the intestinal absorption of adult worm antigens that induces humoral responses. T…
Stimulation of the AT2 receptor reduced atherogenesis in ApoE−/−/AT1A−/− double knock out mice
2012
AT1 receptor blockers (ARB) and in part ACE inhibitors (ACI) potentially exert beneficial effects on atherogenesis independent of AT1 receptor inhibition. These pleiotropic effects might be related to angiotensin II mediated activation of the AT2 receptor. To analyze this hypothesis we investigated the development of atherosclerosis and the role of ACIs and ARBs in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice and in ApoE/AT1A receptor double knockout mice (ApoE(-/-)/AT1A(-/-)). ApoE(-/-) mice and ApoE(-/-)/AT1A(-/-) mice were fed cholesterol-rich diet for 7 weeks. Vascular oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and atherosclerotic lesion formation were evident in ApoE(-/-) mice, but were…
Breizacanthus aznari sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Arhythmacanthidae) from the banded cusk-eel Raneya brasiliensis (Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae) from the Pat…
2012
Breizacanthus aznari sp. n. is described from the banded cusk-eel Raneya brasiliensis (Kaup) (Ophidiiformes: Ophidiidae) from the Patagonian coast in Argentina. Breizacanthus Golvan, 1969 is currently composed of five species (including the new species) and is characterised by the absence of trunk spines, a short cylindrical proboscis with two types of hooks and lemnisci longer than the proboscis receptacle. Breizacanthus aznari is clearly distinguished from B. chabaudi Golvan, 1969 by having 12 longitudinal rows of hooks on the proboscis, instead of 16-18. The new species resembles B. golvani Gaevskaya et Shukhgalter, 1984, B. irenae Golvan, 1969, and B. ligur Paggi, Orecchia et Della Seta…
Life cycle of Renylaima capensis, a brachylaimid trematode of shrews and slugs in South Africa: two-host and three-host transmission modalities sugge…
2012
Abstract Background The life cycle of the brachylaimid trematode species Renylaima capensis, infecting the urinary system of the shrew Myosorex varius (Mammalia: Soricidae: Crocidosoricinae) in the Hottentots Holland Nature Reserve, South Africa, has been elucidated by a study of its larval stages, epizootiological data in local snails and mammals during a 34-year period, and its verification with mtDNA sequencing. Methods Parasites obtained from dissected animals were mounted in microscope slides for the parasitological study and measured according to standardized methods. The mitochondrial DNA cox 1 gene was sequenced by the dideoxy chain-termination method. Results The slugs Ariostralis …
Cardicola aurata sp. n. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) from Mediterranean Sparus aurata L. (Teleostei: Sparidae) and its unexpected phylogenetic relation…
2008
A new sanguinicolid trematode, Cardicola aurata sp. n., is described from gilthead seabream Sparus aurata L., from off the Spanish Mediterranean coast. The morphology of C. aurata sp. n. generally agrees with the diagnosis of the genus, however, in contrast to all other reported Cardicola spp. the male pore is located sub-medially at the posterior end of the body instead of sinistrally before the posterior end of the body. Based on a comparison of the morphology as well as partial 28S and ITS2 rDNA sequence data from the present species with that from closely related species, it was decided to emend the diagnosis of Cardicola rather than create a new genus, as the aberrant position of the m…
Morphology, ultrastructure and molecular characterisation of Spiroxys japonica Morishita, 1926 (Spirurida: Gnathostomatidae) from Pelophylax nigromac…
2014
Gnathostomatid nematodes identified morphologically as Spiroxys japonica Morishita, 1926 were collected from the dark-spotted frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Hallowell) (Amphibia: Ranidae) in China. Light and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the morphology of this species in detail. Previously unreported morphological features are revealed and others corrected. In addition, adult nematodes of S. japonica collected from P. nigromaculatus and Spiroxys hanzaki Hasegawa, Miyata & Doi, 1998 collected from Andrias japonicus (Temminck) (Caudata: Cryptobranchidae) in China and Japan, respectively, and the third-stage larva of S. japonica collected from Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw) …
Fasciola hepatica and lymnaeid snails occurring at very high altitude in South America.
2002
Fascioliasis due to the digenean species Fasciola hepatica has recently proved to be an important public health problem, with human cases reported in countries of the five continents, including severe symptoms and pathology, with singular epidemiological characteristics, and presenting human endemic areas ranging from hypo- to hyperendemic. One of the singular epidemiological characteristics of human fascioliasis is the link of the hyperendemic areas to very high altitude regions, at least in South America. The Northern Bolivian Altiplano, located at very high altitude (3800–4100 m), presents the highest prevalences and intensities of human fascioliasis known. Sequences of the internal tran…
Conflict between co-occurring manipulative parasites? An experimental study of the joint influence of two acanthocephalan parasites on the behaviour …
2000
When two parasite species are manipulators and have different definitive hosts, there is a potential for conflict between them. Selection may then exist for either avoiding hosts infected with conflicting parasites, or for hijacking, i.e. competitive processes to gain control of the intermediate host. The evidence for both phenomena depends largely on the study of the relative competitive abilities of parasites within their common intermediate host. We studied the effects of simultaneous infection by a fish acanthocephalan parasite, Pomphorhynchus laevis, and a bird acanthocephalan parasite, Polymorphus minutus, on the behaviour of their common intermediate host, the amphipod Gammarus pulex…