Search results for "Emissions trading"
showing 6 items of 16 documents
Opening the black box of accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The different views of institutional bodies and firms
2018
Abstract This paper highlights the current accounting approaches to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In particular, it explores and critically discusses the treatment of emission rights (ER) under carbon trading schemes from two distinct angles. On the one hand, it reviews the domestic solutions adopted by accounting bodies and, on the other, it examines current practices followed by firms in the European Energy Exchange (EEX). Regarding the former group, there are substantial differences, which would suggest some potential difficulties in finding a common solution for the future. Not surprisingly, there is still a diversity of approaches with regard to how firms report ER. Although the most…
Carbon management accounting and financial performance: Evidence from the European Union emission trading system
2020
Companies are responding to the effects of climate change by reducing CO2 emissions as a way of managing stakeholder interests and complying with legal and regulatory requirements. In Europe, the emissions trading system is consolidated as a limiting market and control scheme to support business climate change management through a collaborative relationship between government and industry. This work focuses on the economic accounting field, analysing carbon management accounting and its impact on financial performance in scenarios attached to that trading system. The methodological approach used is quantitative, empirically testing the hypotheses through a multiple regression analysis with …
CO<SUB align="right">2 prices and portfolio management
2011
Since the launch of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS), the interest in the trade of EUAs is constantly increasing among academics and market participants. The objective of this paper is twofold: (a) a detailed description of this new market is provided for portfolio managers and (b) a comprehensive study of the implications of including Phase II EUAs in diversified portfolios is undertaken using as expected returns both historical and risk-adjusted returns. The results show that the opportunity set for investors increases when short positions in Phase II EUAs are taken.
Resource or waste? A perspective of plastics degradation in soil with a focus on end-of-life options.
2018
‘Capable-of-being-shaped’ synthetic compounds are prevailing today over horn, bone, leather, wood, stone, metal, glass, or ceramic in products that were previously left to natural materials. Plastic is, in fact, economical, simple, adaptable, and waterproof. Also, it is durable and resilient to natural degradation (although microbial species capable of degrading plastics do exist). In becoming a waste, plastic accumulation adversely affects ecosystems. The majority of plastic debris pollutes waters, accumulating in oceans. And, the behaviour and the quantity of plastic, which has become waste, are rather well documented in the water, in fact. This review collects existing information on pla…
The crucial interactions between climate and soil
2022
Since the birth of soil science, climate has been recognized as a soil-forming factor, along with parent rock, time, topography, and organisms (from which humans were later kept distinct), often prevalent on the other factors on the very long term. But the climate is in turns affected by soils and their management. This paper describes the interrelationships between climate – and its current change – and soil, focusing on each single factor of its formation. Parent material governs, primarily through the particle size distribution, the capacity of soil to retain water and organic matter, which are two main soil-related drivers of the climate. Time is the only unmanageable soil-forming facto…
Causalities between CO2, electricity, and other energy variables during phase I and phase II of the EU ETS
2010
The topic of this article is the analysis of the interplay between daily carbon, electricity and gas price data with the European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS) for CO2 emissions. In a first step we have performed Granger causality tests for Phase I of the EU ETS (January 2005 until December 2007) and the first year of Phase II of the EU ETS (2008). The analysis includes both spot and forward markets—given the close interactions between the two sets of markets. The results show that during Phase I coal and gas prices, through the clean dark and spark spread, impacted CO2 futures prices, which in return Granger caused electricity prices. During the first year of the Phase II, the sho…