Search results for "Endocrine System"
showing 10 items of 1530 documents
Zirkadiane Serotonin- und Melatonin-Serumspiegel bei Anorexia-nervosa-Patientinnen im Vergleich zu normal-menstruierenden Frauen
1996
Day and night rhythms of melatonin and serotonin were measured in four female anorexia nervosa patients and for comparison in a control group with normal 28-day menstrual cycle. In the anorexia nervosa group the levels of gonadotropins and sexual steroids were distinctly lowered. In the LHRH test the hormonal profile showed pubertal to prepubertal patterns of secretion with an only moderate increase of LH and distinct shifting of the LH/FSH ratio in direction of FSH. For both groups the 24-hour profiles of melatonin and serotonin showed a normal cycle, i.e. melatonin had its maximum by night, whereas serotonin in contrast displayed its highest values by day. However, in the group of patient…
Memory for time intervals is impaired in left hemi-Parkinson patients.
2004
The basal ganglia have been proposed as one of the neural correlates of timekeeping functions. Both encoding and memory retrieval components for time perception are impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of our study was to investigate in hemi-Parkinsonian patients the existence of a specific alteration in memory for time depending on the affected side, to better understand the contribution of the left or right basal ganglia circuits in different components of time perception. Right and left hemi-PD patients performed a time reproduction task in which they were required to reproduce in the same session short (5 s) and long (15 s) time intervals, in off- and on-therapy condition. Whil…
Trisomy 12 and translocation (7;9) in an ovarian immature teratoma.
1989
We report a case of an immature malignant ovarian teratoma with peritoneal implants diagnosed in an 18-year-old woman. The tumor was brought into remission after surgery (three laparotomies) and adjuvant chemotherapy. A residual peritoneal implant showed a mature epithelial and glial configuration. Histologically, the neuroectodermal component was dominant in the original tumor as well as in the metastases, being confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. A stem cell line has been obtained with cell culture, having a germ cell character and a yolk sac configuration. This line possessed a trisomy 12 and a translocation (7;9) similar to other chromosomal abnormalities describe…
Vulvar involvement in pediatric Crohnâs disease: a systematic review
2018
Purpose: The aim of the study is to report a systematic review (from 2000 to 2017) of all pediatric cases of vulvar Crohnâs disease (VCD) and to highlight the key-points for a correct diagnosis and management of this rare condition. Methods: An electronic search using the Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane database and Google Scholar database was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Results: Twenty pediatric studies and 22 cases of VCD were included for analysis. All the articles reported a single case, except two articles where two cases, respectively, are described. Clinical vulvar examination showed the following main manifestations: vulvar erythema (9/22 cases, 40.9%), vulv…
Transient hypothyroidism associated with prematurity, sepsis, and respiratory distress.
1979
Serial TSH and T4 determinations were performed in sixty neonates admitted to our hospital for neonatal intensive care within a period of three months. Seven patients (12%) showed transient hypothyroidism on the basis of low T4 and high TSH values. Only one of these patients, who had meconium aspiration and pneumonia, did not have the respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, 4 of these patients had sepsis. All of the patients were born before 37 gestational weeks and had birth weights under 2200 g. In addition, two patients of this gestational age and birth weight group had a progressive fall of T4 to extremely hypothyroid values without simultaneous elevation of TSH. Two of the 5 patien…
Circadian rhythm and effects of light on cAMP content of the dwarf hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus
1998
The present study was conducted in the dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus) to investigate whether a circadian rhythm is present in the content of the second messenger cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the endogenous clock in mammals. In animals held under light/dark conditions (LD), we observed high levels at the end of the light phase and low levels during the night in frozen SCN punches. In animals held in continuous dark, a similar rhythm was seen although a second peak was present in the subjective day. In senile hamsters under LD, the decrease of cAMP levels at the light transition was not seen. These data, obtained for the first time from …
Glucagon-like peptide-1 relaxes gastric antrum through nitric oxide in mice.
2010
Abstract Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a proglucagon-derived peptide expressed in the intestinal enteroendocrine-L cells and released after meal ingestion. GLP-1 reduces postprandial glycemia not only by its hormonal effects, but also by its inhibitory effects on gastrointestinal motility. Recently, we showed that GLP-1 acts in the enteric nervous system of mouse intestine. Therefore our working hypothesis was that GLP-1 may have also a direct influence on the gastric mechanical activity since the major part of experimental studies about its involvement in the regulation of gastric motility have been conducted in in vivo conditions. The purposes of this study were (i) to examine exogen…
Relaxation induced by N-terminal fragments of chromogranin A in mouse gastric preparations.
2007
Abstract A definitive role for chromogranin A (CGA)-derived fragments in the control of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle contractility has not been yet established. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, in vitro , the effects of the recombinant vasostatin 1–78 (VS-1), CGA 7–57 and CGA 47–66 on the mouse gastric mechanical activity, recording the changes of intraluminal pressure. VS-1, CGA 7–57 and CGA 47–66 produced concentration-dependent relaxations. Mouse anti-vasostatin-1 monoclonal antibody 5A8, recognising the region 53–57, abolished the relaxation induced by VS-1, indicating the specificity of the effect. The relaxation was significantly reduced by tetrodotoxin (TTX), b…
GLP-2 as Beneficial Factor in the Glucose Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High Fat Diet
2015
Glucagon like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a gastrointestinal hormone released in response to dietary nutrients, which acts through a specific receptor, the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R). The physiological effects of GLP-2 are multiple, involving also the intestinal adaptation to high fat diet (HFD). In consideration of the well-known relationship between chronic HFD and impaired glucose metabolism, in the present study we examined if the blocking of the GLP-2 signaling by chronic treatment with the GLP-2R antagonist, GLP-2 (3-33), leads to functional consequences in the regulation of glucose metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Compared with animals fed standard diet (STD), mice at the 10th week of HFD showed hy…
Effects of Environmental Lighting and Tryptophan Devoid Diet on the Rat Vaginal Cycle
1998
Cerebral serotonin level influences luteinizing hormone release and, consequently, ovulation. The present study evaluated the effects of precooked maize meal (polenta), a diet almost devoid of tryptophan the serotonin precursor on the alterations of the estrus cycle as measured by vaginal smears analysis in Wistar rats. Several conditions of environmental lighting were used in order to modify ovarian cycle: 1) natural alternating light/dark cycle; 2) continuous darkness; 3) continuous light by sodium steams: 4) continuous light by fluorescent neon tubes. Rats bred in continuous lighting showed estrus-proestrus rate significantly greater than rats bred in normal lighting or in continuous dar…