Search results for "Endothelium."
showing 10 items of 748 documents
Dietary indicaxanthin from cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill) fruit prevents eryptosis induced by oxysterols in a hypercholesterolaemia-relev…
2015
Toxic oxysterols in a hypercholesterolaemia-relevant proportion cause suicidal death of human erythrocytes or eryptosis. This process proceeds through early production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), release of prostaglandin (PGE2) and opening of PGE2-dependent Ca channels, membrane phosphatidylserine (PS) externalisation, and cell shrinkage. The present study was the first to reveal that a bioavailable phytochemical, indicaxanthin (Ind) from cactus pear fruit, in a concentration range (1·0–5·0 μM) consistent with its plasma level after a fruit meal, prevents PS externalisation and cell shrinkage in a dose-dependent manner when incubated with isolated healthy human erythrocytes exposed to…
Sinusoidal endothelial cells from guinea pig liver synthesize and secrete cellular fibronectin in vitro.
1987
Endothelial liver cells were obtained from guinea pig by enzymatic digestion and centrifugal elutriation. Cells were cultured on gelatin and fibronectin pretreated culture vessels. Endothelial cells were characterized by phase-contrast microscopy, electron microscopy and the presence of Factor VIII-related antigen. Fibronectin secretion was determined in cell-free supernatants by a sensitive and specific ELISA and localized on fixed cultured cells by immunofluorescence. [35S]Methionine endogeneously labeled fibronectin was immunoprecipitated from supernatants and cellular lysates and displayed on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. After attachment to the culture…
Different La/SS-B mRNA isoforms are expressed in salivary gland tissue of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome
1996
Recently we isolated a La/SS-B mRNA isoform from a cDNA library made from peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with primary Sjögren's Syndrome. In the La/SS-B mRNA isoform the exon 1 was replaced. The alternative exon was termed exon 1'. Genomic analysis showed that the exon 1' La mRNA was the result of a promoter-switch in combination with alternative splicing. Due to the unusual structure of the exon 1' La/SS-B mRNA, the function and the behaviour under physiological and pathophysiological conditions in tissue of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus remained obscure. Therefore assays were established allowing a qualitative and quantitative estimati…
Cytokine regulatory effects on α-1 proteinase inhibitor expression in NOD mouse islet endothelial cells
2002
Human microvascular islet endothelial cells (IEC) exhibit specific morphological and functional characteristics that differ from endothelia derived from other organs. One of these characteristics is the expression of alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor (Api). In this study, we observed its expression in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse IEC, in relation to the occurrence of type 1 diabetes and in response to cytokines, namely IL-1 beta and IL-10. In addition, IL-10-deficient NOD mice as well as IL-10 transgenic NODs were studied. Results have demonstrated that Api expression is: (i) highly specific for IEC in NOD mouse islets, as for humans; (ii) linked to the occurrence of early type 1 diabetes, and …
Dysbiosis and zonulin upregulation alter gut epithelial and vascular barriers in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
2017
BackgroundDysbiosis has been recently demonstrated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) but its implications in the modulation of intestinal immune responses have never been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ileal bacteria in modulating local and systemic immune responses in AS.MethodsIleal biopsies were obtained from 50 HLA-B27+ patients with AS and 20 normal subjects. Silver stain was used to visualise bacteria. Ileal expression of tight and adherens junction proteins was investigated by TaqMan real-time (RT)-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LPS-BP), intestinal fatty acid-BP (iFABP) and zonulin…
The influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH) on placental morphological changes
2020
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational hypertension (GH) are some of the most common medical conditions associated with pregnancy. These can be correlated with placental morphopathological changes and implicitly can influence good fetal development. The age and weight of the mother can be correlated directly proportionally with those of the fetus but also with histoarchitecture and placental vascularization. The placental appearance associated with GDM and GH reveals macroscopic features, such as calcifications, fibrin deposits and placental infarcts, but the most relevant pathological features are the microscopic ones, highlighted by the classical staining techniques: Hematoxy…
GDF15: an emerging modulator of immunity and a strategy in COVID-19 in association with iron metabolism
2021
International audience; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 encodes the structural proteins spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). The receptor-binding domain on the surface subunit S1 is responsible for attachment of the virus to angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is highly expressed in host cells. The cytokine storm observed in patients with COVID-19 contributes to the endothelial vascular dysfunction, which can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiorgan failure, alteration in iron homeostasi…
Establishment of a quantitative RT-pCR for detection of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 transcripts in endothelial cells after stimulation with adv…
1998
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) are supposed to increase endothelial expression of adhesion molecules like vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by inducing an intracellular stress with subsequent activation of nuclear transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Quantitative analysis of VCAM-1-transcription has not been demonstrated concerning this topic. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays using a spacer gene in order to measure the amounts of specific mRNA for VCAM-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) which were stimulated with AGE-albumin (AGE-BSA). A recombinant RNA-standard was synthesiz…
The influence of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) on the expression of human endothelial adhesion molecules.
1998
Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) possibly play a dominant role in the pathogenesis of macrovascular disease in diabetes. Recent studies could demonstrate that glycated albumin (AGE-BSA) was able to stimulate vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM.1) on endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to find out if AGE-BSA was not only able to enhance the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, but also of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-Selectin on human endothelial cells. Stimulation of endothelial cells with AGE-BSA for six hours predominantly increased the expression of VCAM-1, but ICAM-1 and E-Selectin were also upregulated as shown by immunoilluminometric a…
Can bone marrow-derived multipotent adult progenitor cells regenerate infarcted myocardium?
2006
Objectives: To assess the functional effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) transplanted in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction. Methods: Forty-four rats underwent coronary ligation and, 14 days later, were randomly allocated to receive in-scar injections (5×106 cells/150 μL) of green fluorescent protein (eGFP)-transduced allogeneic MAPCs ( n =25) or culture medium (controls, n =19). Nine of the MAPC-treated hearts were employed for functional studies while the remaining 16 received cells co-labeled with Resovist™ and were only used for serial histological assessments. Left ventricular (LV) function was assessed echocardiographically before transplantation and 1 mont…