Search results for "Entera"
showing 10 items of 186 documents
Enteral Nutrition in Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Literature Review
2015
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is considered the gold standard treatment for periampullory carcinomas. This procedure presents 30%–40% of morbidity. Patients who have undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy often present perioperative malnutrition that is worse in the early postoperative days, affects the process of healing, the intestinal barrier function and the number of postoperative complications. Few studies focus on the relation between enteral nutrition (EN) and postoperative complications. Our aim was to perform a review, including only randomized controlled trial meta-analyses or well-designed studies, of evidence regarding the correlation between EN and main complications and outcomes af…
Resección extendida y exenteración pélvica en el cáncer de recto del tercio inferior
2014
Approximately 10% of all low rectal cancer needs surgical resection extended to other pelvic structures. Indication for extended resection should be given according to a precise systemic and local preoperative staging. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is the most important instrument utilized by the Multidisciplinary Team to decide therapeutic strategy according to the surgical risk. The status of the pathological circumferential resection margin is the most important prognostic factor determining local recurrence risk and oncological outcome and for this reason it should be considered pivotal in the decision of the strategy of treatment. When extended resection is performed, the presence of an e…
Die operative Therapie einer segmentalen, primären intestinalen Lymphangiektasie des Jejunums mit ausgeprägtem Chylaskos
2011
Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) is a protein-losing, exsudative gastroenteropathy causing lymphatic obstruction. Diagnosis depends on clinical examination and histological findings. Conservative treatment modalities include a low-fat diet and enteral nutritional therapy in order to reduce enteric protein loss and to improve fat metabolism. Other treatment options consist of administration of antiplasmin or octreotide to lower lymph flow and secretion. We report on a 58-year-old patient who underwent exploratory laparotomy due to a worsening physical status, recurrent chylaskos and leg oedema under conservative dietary therapy. Intraoperative findings showed a typical PIL of the je…
Stability of a Parenteral Formulation of Betamethasone and Levobupivacaine
2014
Background: The therapeutic management of syndromes presenting simultaneously pain and inflammation often requires the administration of anesthetic and corticosteroid drugs by epidural administration. In this article, we studied a mixture that combines betamethasone and levobupivacaine, which demonstrates prolonged analgesic effects. To our knowledge, the stability of such a mixture in epidural solution has not been examined. Objective: To evaluate the chemical, physical, and microbiological stability of an extemporaneously prepared mixture. Methods: A solution of betamethasone acetate 1 mg/mL, betamethasone phosphate 1 mg/mL, and levobupivacaine hydrochloride 0.83 mg/mL was prepared in sa…
Is a Vaginectomy Enough or is a Pelvic Exenteration Always Required for Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Cervical Cancer? A Propensity-Matched Study.
2021
Purpose: Reporting the perioperative and survival outcomes of vaginectomy with respect to a matched series of pelvic exenteration (PE) in women with isolated recurrent cervical cancer. Methods: The records of vaginal recurrent cervical cancer patients admitted at Fondazione Policlinico “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS in Rome from January 2010 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. A propensity-matched score analysis was performed by age, clinical stage, disease-free interval, and R0 resection. Postsurgical complications and survival rates were evaluated. Results: Fifteen women underwent vaginectomy, and 30 patients were submitted to PE. No statistical differences were observed between the two…
Fasting does not guarantee empty stomach in the intensive care unit: A prospective ultrasonographic evaluation (The NUTRIGUS study).
2021
BACKGROUND In the intensive care unit (ICU), a fasting period is usually respected to avoid gastric aspiration during airway management procedures. Since there are no recognised guidelines, intensive care physicians balance the aspiration risk with the negative consequences of underfeeding. Our objective was to determine the impact of fasting on gastric emptying in critically ill patients by using gastric ultrasound. MATERIAL AND METHODS Among the 112 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 100 patients were analysed. Gastric ultrasonography was performed immediately before extubation. Patients with either 1/ an absence of visualised gastric content (qualitative evaluation) or 2/ a gastri…
Modelización y resolución de problemas de optimización en economía
2000
La programación matemática es la parte de las matemáticas que se encarga de la elección de la mejor alternativa de entre todas las posibles. El presente texto pretende ser una herramienta para facilitar una formulación matemática adecuada a cada problema económico de optimización, así como servir de guía para interpretar correctamente los resultados que puedan obtenerse mediante un sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones mediante ordenador. Los problemas que en este texto se recogen son fundamentalmente de programación matemática, es decir, en su mayoría son problemas estáticos, deterministas, con un solo sujeto decisor y una sola función objetivo. Se advierte, pues, al lector que no esper…
Reconstrucción de grandes defectos pelvi-perineales tras cirugía oncológica: estudio del colgajo VRAM extendido
2020
Introducción El tratamiento de los tumores malignos localmente avanzados de la pelvis y el periné requiere la realización de una amplia resección de la lesión, lo que genera un defecto de grandes dimensiones cuya reconstrucción es compleja. Los colgajos miocutáneos regionales, principalmente los basados en los músculos rectos del abdomen, son la opción más empleada para este fin. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las posibilidades del colgajo miocutáneo vertical de recto abdominal extendido (eVRAM) para la reconstrucción de grandes defectos pelvi-perineales mediante un estudio anatómico y la revisión de una serie de casos. Material y método Se realizó un estudio anatómico en 10 cadáve…
Nesting Problems : Exact and Heuristic Algorithms
2013
Nesting problems are two-dimensional cutting and packing problems involving irregular shapes. This thesis is focused on real applications on Nesting problems such as the garment industry or the glass cutting. The aim is to study different mathematical methodologies to obtain good lower bounds by exact procedures and upper bounds by heuristic algorithms. The core of the thesis is a mathematical model, a Mixed Integer Programming model, which is adapted in each one of the parts of the thesis. This study has three main parts: first, an exact algorithm for Nesting problems when rotation for the pieces is not allowed; second, an Iterated Greedy algorithm to deal with more complex Nesting problem…
Tema 17_Nutrició enteral
2023
El document forma part dels materials docents programats mitjançant l'ajut del Servei de Política Lingüística de la Universitat de València. Es tracta de material docent de l’assignatura endocrinologia i nutrició II del Grau de Medicina. Correspon al tema 17 de l’assignatura. S’inclou una breu revisió de la nutrició enteral amb les indicacions i contraindicacions. This is teaching material for the endocrinology and nutrition II subject of the Degree in Medicine. Corresponds to topic 17 of the subject. A brief review of enteral nutrition with indications and contraindications is included.