Search results for "Environmental and Society"
showing 10 items of 413 documents
Repairing the living: ethics of ecological compensation
2017
The mechanism of ecological compensation has a paradox, it is denounced on the ethical level and consecrated on the legal level. While they are supposed to repair the environmental damages, the compensatory measures are accused of bad intentions: authorization to destroy biodiversity, financial drift of the management of nature... Despite these criticisms, ecological compensation can find a a profound moral issue if it is used like an accountability tool between human and nature, and more broadly, an instrument for dynamic management of territories.
The organic carbon derived from sewage sludge as a key parameter determining the fate of trace metals.
2007
8 pages; International audience; In a sandy agricultural soil of south-west of France, continuously cultivated with maize and amended with sewage-sludge over 20 years, the behavior of three trace metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) was studied during the sludge applications (1974-1993) and after its cessation (1993-1998). Using the delta13C analysis, the dynamics of different sources of organic matter were followed in order to elucidate the influence of the sludge-derived organic matter on the fate of trace metals in the soil and its particle size fractions. This study revealed that sludge-derived organic matter contributed to the formation of macroaggregates through the binding of preexisting microagg…
Lutter contre la pollution lumineuse
2019
La dégradation de l’obscurité sous l’effet des usages de lumière artificielle nocturne dans et aux abords des infrastructures humaines est appelée pollution lumineuse. Liée à l’urbanisation, cette pollution déborde les espaces urbains pour affecter les espaces ruraux et les aires protégées. La lutte contre la pollution lumineuse s’organise dans plusieurs pays, dans lesquels des territoires expérimentent des politiques environnementales de protection de l’obscurité. L’enjeu porte à la fois sur la préservation de la biodiversité et la transition énergétiques. En France, quelques territoires ruraux pionniers expérimentent des dispositifs intégrant ce double enjeu. Deux d’entre eux constituent …
Analyse cartographique de données pédologiques et hydrogéologiques appliquée à la gestion responsable de produits phytosanitaires
2014
BASF launched a Responsible Bentazone Management plan in 2011, in order to preserve water resources and sustain its bentazon based herbicide solutions. This molecule is commercialized by the company for several years and is found at concentrations above the standard for drinking water in about 1% of groundwater catchments in France. The action plan aims to reduce contamination situations with recommendations on the use of bentazone (dose, timing of application, restrictions on vulnerable soils on groundwater catchment areas) that complement the commercialization authorization. The study carried out during the internship focused on the diagnosis of a groundwater catchment area located in the…
Bien mal sous-loué profite au propriétaire [Note sous : Cass. 3e civ., 12 sept. 2019, n° 18-20.727, ECLI:FR:CCASS:2019:C300745]
2019
Bail d'habitation- Sauf à ce que la sous-location ait été autorisée, les revenus illicites qu'elle génère pour le locataire sont analysés comme des fruits civils de la propriété pouvant être revendiqués par le bailleur dans leur intégralité.- Fondée sur le droit des biens, la solution est entièrement neuve.- Au plan pratique, elle offre aux propriétaires spectateurs de sous-locations un moyen de rétorsion redoutablement efficace : le reversement par le locataire de l'ensemble des sous-loyers perçus.
Thermodynamics of Nanoparticles: Experimental Protocol Based on a Comprehensive Ginzburg-Landau Interpretation
2014
MATERIAUX+SMR:SDA; The effects of surface and interface on the thermodynamics of small particles require a deeper understanding. This step is crucial for the development of models that can be used for decision-making support to design nanomaterials with original properties. On the basis of experimental results for phase transitions in compressed ZnO nanoparticles, we show the limitations of classical thermodynamics approaches (Gibbs and Landau). We develop a new model based on the Ginzburg-Landau theory that requires the consideration of several terms, such as the interaction between nanoparticles, pressure gradients, defect density, and so on. This phenomenological approach sheds light on …
Influence of organic amendments on diuron leaching through an acidic and a calcareous vineyard soil using undisturbed lysimeters.
2008
9 pages; International audience; The influence of different organic amendments on diuron leaching was studied through undisturbed vineyard soil columns. Two composts (A and D), the second at two stages of maturity, and two soils (VR and Bj) were sampled. After 1 year, the amount of residues (diuron þ metabolites) in the leachates of the VR soil (0.19e0.71%) was lower than in the Bj soil (4.27e8.23%), which could be explained by stronger diuron adsorption on VR. An increase in the amount of diuron leached through the amended soil columns, compared to the blank, was observed for the Bj soil only. This result may be explained by the formation of mobile complexes between diuron and water-extrac…
Human settlement dynamics and alluvial dynamics of the Rhine River during the Holocene: Geoarchaeology of the site of Oedenburg (Haut-Rhin, France).
2007
The relationship between alluvial dynamics and control parameters such as climate are well known and understood at plurimillennial and pluriannual time-scales. But it is not really the case at multicentennial and multidecennal time-scales compatible with human society settlement time-scales. In a present and near future context, when human settlement may be affected by strong climatic variation, alluvial dynamics understanding is however a major centre of attention to the development of efficient models. To approach this scale-related question, a segment of the Upper Rhine River presenting both anastomosed and braided was investigated. This area also gives us the opportunity to study settle…
Tracking trace elements from soil to Lebanese bread and Populations Exposure
2021
In Lebanon, the agri-food industry represents 18% of the industrial sector and yet food safety remains a major problem. In this interdisciplinary thesis, we followed the Trace Elements (TEs) in the Lebanese white bread sector "from farm to fork" based on the reality on the ground, and on two links in the sector: (i) the geogenic or anthropogenic origin of TEs present in the soil and their transfer to the wheat grain, for which 10 plots cultivated in wheat, covering the diversity of soils, irrigation practices and anthropogenic environments of the central Bekaa were chosen ; (ii) the exposure of populations to TEs present in bread, for which a survey of consumption habits across Lebanon was …
Los caminos de la gobernanza, Expo Zaragoza 2008 España
2005
Am 16. Dezember 2004 wählte das Bureau international des expositions (B.I.E.) Spanien und seine Kandidatenstadt, die Metropole Saragossa, als Organisationsland für die nächste internationale Ausstellung „International Exhibition of Zaragoza Spain 2008: Water and Sustainable Development“. Wir analysieren zunächst die Entwicklung "der Wege" der Kandidaturen zur Wahl der Gastgeberstadt der Internationalen Ausstellung 2008, dann greifen wir in einem zweiten Mal den gesamten Vorgang der Ausarbeitung, Begründung und Durchführung der Internationalen Ausstellung 2008 in Saragossa auf im Kontext der Globalisierung neue städtische Formen und Formen des Regierens hervorbringen, indem alle finanziellen…