Search results for "Enzyme Assay"

showing 10 items of 155 documents

Impact of Pulsed Electric Fields on Enzymes

2017

International audience; Pulsed electric field (PEF) processing has emerged as a promising technology in the development of tailor-made processes to effectively control the enzyme activity. It has been proven as an effective technique for the preservation of food products as it can result in substantial inactivation of most undesirable enzymes. When compared to microbial inactivation, however, large specific energy inputs are required to inactivate enzymes. The existing evidence suggests that PEF can also stimulate the activity of beneficial enzymes at low intense treatments. The PEF affects enzyme activity by changing mainly the secondary (α-helix, β-sheets, etc.), tertiary (spatial conform…

Conformational changes0301 basic medicineProteasesFood processing[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPolyphenol oxidase03 medical and health sciences[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringEnzyme activityLipasePulsed electric fieldchemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyChemistryEnzyme structureEnzyme assayEnzymesrespiratory tract diseases0104 chemical sciences030104 developmental biologyEnzymeBiochemistrybiology.proteinAlkaline phosphatase[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionPeroxidase
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Separation of deoxyribonucleases (DNases) of normal human stratum corneum and psoriatic scales by micro-disc-electrophoresis.

1975

Normal stratum corneum and psoriatic scales were homogenized and a differential centrifugation was performed. The DNase activity of the individual fractions was investigated by micro-disc-electrophoresis. At pH 5 only in the 600 × g pellet and 105.000 × g supernatant of normal keratin DNase activity could be observed. However, all psoriatic fractions showed distinct enzyme activities. At pH 7.4 little psoriatic DNase activity could only be demonstrated in the 105.000 × g supernatant. Except from the 15.000 × g pellet all fractions of normal stratum corneum displayed marked activities. In addition the 105.000 × g supernatant showed two different DNase bands.

DermatologyKeratinStratum corneummedicineHumansPsoriasisCentrifugationPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisSkinDifferential centrifugationchemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyDeoxyribonucleasesintegumentary systembiologyChemistryGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationEnzyme assayIsoenzymesMolecular WeightElectrophoresismedicine.anatomical_structurebiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelDeoxyribonucleasesSubcellular FractionsArchives for dermatological research = Archiv fur dermatologische Forschung
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Encapsulation of Alcohol Dehydrogenase in Mannitol by Spray Drying

2014

The retention of the enzyme activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) has been studied in various drying processes such as spray drying. The aim of this study is to encapsulate ADH in mannitol, either with or without additive in order to limit the thermal denaturation of the enzyme during the drying process. The retention of ADH activity was investigated at different drying temperatures. When mannitol was used, the encapsulated ADH was found inactive in all the dried powders. This is presumably due to the quick crystallization of mannitol during spray drying that resulted in the impairment of enzyme protection ability in comparison to its amorphous form. Maltodextin (dextrose equivalent = 11)…

Dextrose equivalentlcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical ScienceArticlelaw.inventionlcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicachemistry.chemical_compoundlawmedicinespray dryingCrystallizationAlcohol dehydrogenasechemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographybiologyChemistryalcohol dehydrogenasemannitolMaltodextrinEnzyme assayEnzymeBiochemistrySpray dryingalcohol dehydrogenase; encapsulation; spray drying; mannitolbiology.proteinencapsulationMannitolhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugPharmaceutics
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Chitin synthetase activity in Candida albicans: subcellular distribution in yeast cells and protoplasts

1991

Chitin synthetase activity was detected in a partly zymogenic form in cell-free homogenates obtained from C. albicans yeast cells and protoplasts of the same type of cells. By isopycnic centrifugation on sucrose gradients of the cell-free homogenates two fractions with chitin synthetase activity were obtained: one was associated with the plasma membrane (labelled with [ 3 H]concanavalin A (con A) and buoyant density 1·195 g ml −1 ) in a partly active state, and the second was in the cytoplasm, where the enzyme was in a particulate fully zymogenic form, lacking affinity to con A. The buoyant density of the enzyme found in this location depended on the method of cell breakage. Lysis of partly…

Differential centrifugationLysisbiologyPlant ScienceChitin synthaseEnzyme assaychemistry.chemical_compoundChitinchemistryBiochemistryConcanavalin ACytoplasmGeneticsbiology.proteinCell disruptionEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsBiotechnologyMycological Research
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Erratum to “Hydrolytic enzyme activity of Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 and effects of the antagonistic bacterium on cell integrity of two soil-borne p…

2001

Ce texte contient des corrections apportées à l'article " Hydrolytic enzyme activity of Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 and effects of the antagonistic bacterium on cell integrity of two soil-borne pathogenic fungi" sorti dans le numéro 15 du journal "Applied Soil Ecology" sorti en 2000.

EcologyStrain (chemistry)Soil ScienceBiologybiology.organism_classificationAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Enzyme assayMicrobiologyHydrolysisSoil borneBotanyCell integritybiology.proteinPaenibacillus sp.Bacteria
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Depletion of delta 9 desaturase (EC 1.14.99.5) activity in lactating rat during protein restriction.

2000

The effects of protein restriction on the activity of delta9 desaturase (EC 1.14.99.5) were investigated in lactating rats. A control group was fed a balanced diet (20% casein) for 14 days, whereas the experimental groups were fed a low-protein diet (8% casein), supplemented with or without L-methionine (0.4%), for 14 days. The enzyme activity was measured by incubations of hepatic microsomal pellets with (1-14C) stearic acid. Results showed a decreased delta9 desaturase activity, after 2,7 and 14 days of depleted diet, of -50, -40 and -33% respectively, compared with control. The supplementation of the low-protein diet with 0.4% methionine, which favours food consumption as well as growth,…

Fatty Acid Desaturasesmedicine.medical_specialtyClinical BiochemistryBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundEatingMethionineBiosynthesisLactationCaseinInternal medicinemedicineDiet Protein-RestrictedAnimalsLactationRats WistarPhospholipidschemistry.chemical_classificationMethionineBody WeightFatty AcidsCaseinsCell BiologyOrgan SizeEnzyme assayRatsEnzyme ActivationStearoyl-CoA Desaturasemedicine.anatomical_structureEnzymeEndocrinologychemistryLiverMicrosomebiology.proteinFemaleStearoyl-CoA DesaturaseProstaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids
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Influence of spontaneous hypertension on n-3 delta-6-desaturase activity and fatty acid composition of rat hepatocytes.

1995

The first and rate limiting step in the conversion of alpha-linolenic acid is catalyzed by the delta-6-desaturase enzyme. The activity of such an enzyme was studied in order to investigate the n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid biogenesis during hypertension. Rat isolated hepatocyte n-3 delta-6-desaturase activity was higher in 1 month old Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats — prehypertensive period- as compared to normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats, whereas there was no significant difference at 12 months — hypertensive period-. Our data indicate no correlation between the directly measured enzyme activity and the changes in hepatocyte n-3 fatty acid compositions. The loss of hepatocyte n-3 delta-6-de…

Fatty Acid Desaturasesmedicine.medical_specialtyClinical chemistryClinical BiochemistryLinoleoyl-CoA DesaturaseRats Inbred WKYSpontaneously hypertensive ratInternal medicineRats Inbred SHRmedicineAnimalsMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyChemistryFatty AcidsFatty acidCell BiologyGeneral MedicineDelta-6-desaturaseEnzyme assayRatsEnzyme Activationmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyEicosanoidLiverHepatocyteHypertensionbiology.proteinPolyunsaturated fatty acidMolecular and cellular biochemistry
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Implications of cysteine metabolism in the heavy metal response in Trichoderma harzianum and in three Fusarium species

2009

We studied the ability of four different fungal species, Trichoderma harzianum, Fusarium antophyllum, Fusarium compactum and Fusarium phyllophilum, to grow in the presence of heavy metals, and monitored their cysteine and glutathione content and the activity of O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase (OASTL), which is involved in cysteine biosynthesis. Zn and Pb did not affect fungal growth or sporulation at the concentrations used, whereas Cd and Hg did. In most cases, cysteine and glutathione content was higher when fungi were grown in the presence of toxic metals. As T. harzianum and F. phyllophilum presented the best growth rate on Cd and Hg, they were selected to further analyse the accumulation of…

FusariumEnvironmental EngineeringHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisCarbon-Oxygen LyasesMolecular Sequence DataSulfur metabolismFUNGI; Heavy metals; Sulfur metabolism; Bioremediation; O-acetylserine(thiol)lyaseMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundFusariumGlutamatesMetals HeavyEnvironmental ChemistryAmino Acid SequenceCysteineCysteine metabolismTrichodermaSequence Homology Amino AcidbiologySulfur metabolismPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthO-acetylserine(thiol)lyaseTrichoderma harzianumFUNGIGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryGlutathionebiology.organism_classificationPollutionEnzyme assaySporeBiodegradation EnvironmentalchemistryBiochemistryHeavy metalsbiology.proteinSequence AlignmentBioremediationCysteine
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Binding and/or hydrolysis of purine‐based nucleotides is not required for IM30 ring formation

2021

IM30, the inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa, is conserved in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. Although its exact physiological function is still mysterious, IM30 is clearly essential for thylakoid membrane biogenesis and/or dynamics. Recently, a cryptic IM30 GTPase activity has been reported, albeit thus far no physiological function has been attributed to this. Yet, it is still possible that GTP binding/hydrolysis affects formation of the prototypical large homo-oligomeric IM30 ring and rod structures. Here, we show that the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 IM30 protein in fact is an NTPase that hydrolyzes GTP and ATP, but not CTP or UTP, with about identical rates. While IM30 forms lar…

GTP'Genetic VectorsBiophysicsGene ExpressionGTPaseRing (chemistry)ThylakoidsBiochemistrySubstrate Specificity03 medical and health sciencesAdenosine TriphosphateBacterial ProteinsStructural BiologyEscherichia coliGeneticsNucleotideddc:610Cloning MolecularMolecular BiologyEnzyme Assays030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiologyChemistryHydrolysis030302 biochemistry & molecular biologySynechocystisSynechocystisMembrane ProteinsCell BiologyNucleoside-Triphosphatasebiology.organism_classificationRecombinant ProteinsKineticsMicroscopy ElectronThylakoidMembrane biogenesisBiophysicsGuanosine TriphosphateBiogenesisProtein BindingFEBS Letters
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The mucopolysaccharidoses: Inborn errors of glycosaminoglycan catabolism

1976

The mucopolysaccharidoses are genetic disorders of glycosaminoglycan metabolism. Patients with these diseases accumulate within the lysosomes of most tissues excessive amounts of dermatan and/or heparan sulfates, or of keratan sulfate. The clinical consequences of such glycosaminoglycan storage range from skeletal abnormalities to cardiovascular problems, and to motor and mental retardation. In all mucopolysaccharidoses, except Morquio disease, an excessive accumulation of sulfate-labeled glycosaminoglycans has been demonstrated in fibroblasts cultured from the patient's skin. It was subsequently shown that this was due to the deficiency of specific proteins which were named "corrective fac…

Glycoside HydrolasesKeratan sulfateMucopolysaccharidosisPrenatal diagnosisDiseaseMucopolysaccharidosesBiologyBioinformaticsmedicine.diseaseHuman geneticsEnzyme assayGlycosaminoglycanTissue culturechemistry.chemical_compoundPhenotypechemistryGeneticsmedicinebiology.proteinHumansSulfatasesLysosomesGenetics (clinical)GlycosaminoglycansHuman Genetics
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