Search results for "Equality."
showing 10 items of 1308 documents
2019
Abstract This study presents evidence on the effect of parenthood on labor market outcomes in Finland. We use population-based data drawn from administrative registers and an event study design centered around the birth of the first child using the specification proposed in Kleven et al. (2019b) . The study confirms that women encounter large short- and long-term child penalties in gross labor earnings and that penalties are associated with employment participation. Taxes and social security transfers considerably reduce the child penalty, which also varies by the number of children.
Wage Gap as a Possible Determinant of Gender Inequality
2021
Recent academic researchers have indicated that there are possible inequalities concerning work and pay in different countries, professions and economic sectors. The aim of current research is to analyse recent scientific findings on the wage gap depending on gender and empirical data in Latvia using EU-SILC surveys, Labour Surveys and monthly statistical data on wages and salaries for women and men. The findings indicated that in various economic fields and occupations women were under-represented, and amongst most of these fields the modal net wage interval for women was lower than the modal net wage interval for men. It was also concluded that in January 2018 the average gross income fro…
Framing Social Work Discourses of Violence Against Women. Insights From Finland and India
2021
Violence against women (VAW) is a global social problem. In India, its high prevalence is connected to gender inequality, whereas Finland suffers from the so-called Nordic Paradox—that is, the existence of both gender equality and a high prevalence of VAW. This qualitative study employed a critical constructioniist approach and frame analysis to analyze data from interviews with Finnish (n =20) and Mumbai (n =18) social workers. We asked how social workers frame their response to VAW and how ways of framing elucidate institutional practices that facilitate the interventions. Anti-oppressive, juridical, procedural, and collaborational frames revealed institutional practices mirroring how soc…
Educación literaria y construcción de identidades: hacia el empoderamiento y la igualdad
2021
La historia de la humanidad y la actualidad informativa muestran las dramáticas consecuencias de la construcción negativa de una diferencia representada por dos alteridades fundamentales: la del otro cultural y la de la otra de género, sobre las que se ha ejercido una persistente violencia simbólica y física. En este artículo exploramos cómo se construyen, inferiorizan y subordinan estas dos alteridades, y cómo pueden ser deconstruidas, posicionadas en un plano de igualdad o empoderadas desde la educación literaria. La relevancia de lo anterior radica en las múltiples formas de desigualdad persistentes tanto en materia cultural como de género, que nos proponemos contrarrestar desde el ámbit…
The gender gap in job authority: Do social network resources matter?
2019
Contains fulltext : 219502.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Women generally have less job authority than men. Previous research has shown that human capital, family features and contextual factors cannot fully explain this gender authority gap. Another popular explanation holds that women's career opportunities are limited because their social networks comprise less beneficial contacts and resources than men's. Yet, the role of social networks has received little attention in empirical research seeking to explain the gender gap in job authority. This study examines to what extent gender differences in social networks exist and are related to the gender authority gap. Drawing on two …
Influència dels estereotips de gènere en les adolescents i els adolescents de La Safor, València: una aproximació a l'autopercepció i la construcció …
2018
Educación diferenciada por razón de sexo en España: Reflexiones sobre los derechos y libertades educativas desde la perspectiva constitucional y de l…
2021
Gender-separate education, understood as a pedagogical model that provides separate schooling for boys and girls, has been subject to legal and public scrutiny for the past thirty years. Nonetheless, it has not been until 2018 that this educational option was put into the spotlight, especially regarding its constitutionality and compatibility with arts. 1.1, 9.2 and 14 of the Spanish Constitution, which constitute a manifestation of the principles of equality and non-discrimination, while at the same time trying to balance it with art. 27 of said constitutional text, with respect to the right to education and freedom to choose and create educational centers. Against this backdrop, the prese…
Reciprocal lower bound on modulus of curve families in metric surfaces
2019
We prove that any metric space $X$ homeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^2$ with locally finite Hausdorff 2-measure satisfies a reciprocal lower bound on modulus of curve families associated to a quadrilateral. More precisely, let $Q \subset X$ be a topological quadrilateral with boundary edges (in cyclic order) denoted by $\zeta_1, \zeta_2, \zeta_3, \zeta_4$ and let $\Gamma(\zeta_i, \zeta_j; Q)$ denote the family of curves in $Q$ connecting $\zeta_i$ and $\zeta_j$; then $\text{mod} \Gamma(\zeta_1, \zeta_3; Q) \text{mod} \Gamma(\zeta_2, \zeta_4; Q) \geq 1/\kappa$ for $\kappa = 2000^2\cdot (4/\pi)^2$. This answers a question concerning minimal hypotheses under which a metric space admits a quasiconfor…
Accessible parts of boundary for simply connected domains
2018
For a bounded simply connected domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^2$, any point $z\in\Omega$ and any $0<\alpha<1$, we give a lower bound for the $\alpha$-dimensional Hausdorff content of the set of points in the boundary of $\Omega$ which can be joined to $z$ by a John curve with a suitable John constant depending only on $\alpha$, in terms of the distance of $z$ to $\partial\Omega$. In fact this set in the boundary contains the intersection $\partial\Omega_z\cap\partial\Omega$ of the boundary of a John sub-domain $\Omega_z$ of $\Omega$, centered at $z$, with the boundary of $\Omega$. This may be understood as a quantitative version of a result of Makarov. This estimate is then applied to obta…
No evidence that economic inequality moderates the effect of income on generosity
2019
A landmark study published in PNAS [Côté S, House J, Willer R (2015) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 112:15838–15843] showed that higher income individuals are less generous than poorer individuals only if they reside in a US state with comparatively large economic inequality. This finding might serve to reconcile inconsistent findings on the effect of social class on generosity by highlighting the moderating role of economic inequality. On the basis of the importance of replicating a major finding before readily accepting it as evidence, we analyzed the effect of the interaction between income and inequality on generosity in three large representative datasets. We analyzed the donating behavior of…