Search results for "Equivalent"

showing 10 items of 308 documents

Voltage-controlled current loops with nanofluidic diodes electrically coupled to solid state capacitors

2016

[EN] We describe experimentally and theoretically voltage-controlled current loops obtained with nanofluidic diodes immersed in aqueous salt solutions. The coupling of these soft matter diodes with conventional electronic elements such as capacitors permits simple equivalent circuits which show electrical properties reminiscent of a resistor with memory. Different conductance levels can be reproducibly achieved under a wide range of experimental conditions (input voltage amplitudes and frequencies, load capacitances, electrolyte concentrations, and single pore and multipore membranes) by electrically coupling two types of passive components: the nanopores (ionics) and the capacitors (electr…

Materials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlawElectronicsDiodebusiness.industryGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCoupling (electronics)CapacitorFISICA APLICADAvisual_artElectronic componentvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEquivalent circuitOptoelectronicsResistor0210 nano-technologybusinessVoltageRSC Advances
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Design approach for high efficiency NFC systems with magnetic shielding materials

2020

The performance of a Near Field Communication (NFC) antenna may be diminished when it is placed close to any conductive surface such as a metallic case or a battery. This degradation is caused due to the stray magnetic field created by the eddy currents induced on the surface, which is opposite to the intended field generated by the NFC antenna. One of the first solutions that come to mind to designers when facing this problem is the use of high permeability magnetic shielding based on sintered ferrite sheets. This is a good approach but something that is not generally taken into account is that these materials introduce an additional inductance to the NFC antenna. If the permeability of th…

Materials scienceLoop antennaAcousticsSmith chart020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic fieldlaw.inventionInductancelawElectromagnetic shielding0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEddy currentEquivalent circuit0210 nano-technologyRelative permeability2020 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE
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Microwave characterization and modeling of packaged HEMTs by a direct extraction procedure at cryogenic temperatures

2004

In the present work we employ a direct extraction procedure to determine small signal equivalent circuit of microwave GaAs FETs by means of scattering (S-) parameter measurements down to cryogenic temperatures. The direct extraction procedure was tested on packaged AlGaAs/InGaAs HEMTs and good agreement between the simulated and measured S-parameters was obtained at different bias and temperature conditions. We employed a properly designed cryogenic set-up operating in our laboratory that allows to perform DC and RF characterization down to 30 K.

Materials scienceMicrowave Characterization Small Signal Modeling Low-Noise Devices Cryogenic Temperatures Cold FET.Scatteringbusiness.industryExtraction (chemistry)CryogenicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSignalGallium arsenidechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryScattering parametersEquivalent circuitOptoelectronicsbusinessMicrowave
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Scalable manufacturing of fibrous nanocomposites for multifunctional liquid sensing

2021

This research is supported by the Advanced Manufacturing Program (No. 1927623) from the National Science Foundation and by the McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program (No. 1020630) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The authors also thank WestRock Paper Company for donated the wood pulp used in this research. Open access funding is enabled and organized by CERN. Cellulose-based paper electronics is an attractive technology to meet the growing demands for naturally abundant, biocompatible, biodegradable, flexible, inexpensive, lightweight and highly miniaturizable sensory materials. The price reduction of industrial carbon nanotube (CNT) grades offers op…

Materials scienceNanocompositeOrders of magnitude (temperature)Biomedical EngineeringPharmaceutical ScienceNanoparticleForming processesBioengineeringNanotechnologyLiquid SensingCarbon nanotubelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundCellulose NanofibrilschemistrylawLeak DetectionEquivalent circuitCarbon NanotubesGeneral Materials ScienceElectronicsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesCellulosePaper-Based ElectronicsBiotechnologyNano Today
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for studying passive layers on steel rebars immersed in alkaline solutions simulating concrete pores

2007

Present paper deals with the use of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to identify different processes in the passive layer growth over steel rebar surface immersed in an alkaline media simulating the concrete pore solution. Two cases have been considered: a passive layer spontaneously grown in a high alkaline media and a passive layer assisted by the application of an anodic potential in the same media. The application of electric equivalent circuits allows distinguishing between the different mechanisms occurring in this passive layer when grows in different conditions. An electric equivalent circuit with two RC loops connected in parallel is often used for fitting the EIS diagram…

Materials sciencePassivationGeneral Chemical EngineeringRebarEquivalent electric circuitsMineralogyPassive layerAlkaline solutionsCorrosionlaw.inventionDielectric spectroscopylawPDMElectrochemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesEquivalent circuitSurface layerComposite materialPassive layer; Alkaline solution; Equivalent electric circuits; Diffusion; PDMPolarization (electrochemistry)Electrical impedance
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Investigation on passivity of titanium under steady-state conditions in acidic solutions

2011

Abstract The passivity of titanium was studied using potentiostatic polarization combined with Mott–Schottky analysis in acidic solutions. The oxide layer was characterized as an n-type semiconducting, oxygen deficient oxide (TiO1.993–1.996) with a donor density in the range of 1019–1020 cm−3 depending on electrode potential and electrolyte pH. The calculated thickness for the inner oxide layer was in the range of 1–4 nm, increasing linearly with applied potential and exponentially with electrolyte pH. The potential- and pH-dependence of the inner oxide thickness was interpreted by a modified point defect model for the migration-controlled oxide growth, in which the rate-determining step in…

Materials sciencePassivityInorganic chemistryOxidechemistry.chemical_elementEquivalent oxide thicknessElectrolyteCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLattice (order)General Materials SciencePolarization (electrochemistry)Electrode potentialTitaniumMaterials Chemistry and Physics
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Transient photoresponse and incident power dependence of high-efficiency germanium quantum dot photodetectors

2012

We report a systematic study of time-resolved and power-dependent photoresponse in high-efficiency germanium quantum dot photodetectors (Ge-QD PDs), with internal quantum efficiencies greater than 100 over a broad wavelength, reverse bias, and incident power range. Turn-on and turn-off response times (τ on and τ off) are shown to depend on series resistance, bias, optical power, and thickness (W QD) of the Ge-QD layer, with measured τ off values down to ∼40 ns. Two different photoconduction regimes are observed at low and high reverse bias, with a transition around -3 V. A transient current overshoot phenomenon is also observed, which depends on bias and illumination power. © 2012 American …

Materials sciencePhotoresponseReverse biaGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementPhotodetectorGermaniumOptical powerPhotoconductionTime-resolvedSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSeries resistanceOpticsElectrical resistance and conductancePhotodetectorOptical powerEquivalent series resistanceSystematic studybusiness.industryPhotoconductivityInternal quantum efficiencyQuantum-dot photodetectorPhotonWavelengthSemiconductor quantum dots GermaniumchemistryQuantum dotTransient current Electric resistanceOptoelectronicsIncident powerbusiness
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Superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junction thermoelectric bolometer and calorimeter with a SQUID readout

2020

Superconductor-ferromagnet thermoelectric detector (SFTED) is a novel ultrasensitive radiation detector based on the giant thermoelectric effect in superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions. This type of detector can be operated without the need of additional bias lines, and is predicted to provide a performance rivaling transition-edge sensors and kinetic inductance detectors. Here we report our numerical studies on the SFTED noise equivalent power, energy resolution and time constant, and the feasibility of a SQUID readout in both bolometric and calorimetric regimes, with the goal to provide practical design parameters for the detector fabrication and the readout circuitry implementatio…

Materials sciencePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)thermoelectric01 natural sciencesParticle detectorlaw.inventionsuprajohteetsähkömagneettinen säteilybolometermittauslaitteetTunnel junctionlawCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesThermoelectric effectcalorimeterGeneral Materials Sciencekalorimetria010306 general physicsNoise-equivalent powerCalorimeter (particle physics)business.industryBolometerDetectorPhysics - Applied PhysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSQUIDOptoelectronicsHigh Energy Physics::Experiment0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Assessment of a New Analytical Expression for the Maximum-Power Point Voltage with Series Resistance

2021

This work compares a recently developed analytical expression for the maximum-power point voltage with experimental data, to test its usability for crystalline silicon solar cells. The experimental data covers measurements from 18 multicrystalline silicon solar cells with different bulk resistivities and cell architectures. We show that the expression is able to predict the maximum power obtainable by the measured cells with relative discrepancies below 1%. Additionally, we compare the accuracy of this new expression with two already existing models.

Materials scienceSiliconchemistryMaximum power principleEquivalent series resistancechemistry.chemical_elementExperimental dataPoint (geometry)Crystalline siliconExpression (mathematics)Computational physicsVoltage2021 IEEE 48th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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LRPH device optimization for axial and shear stresses

2020

The paper concerns an in-depth study of a special connection for steel structures and the formulation of the related optimal design problem. The connection is called Limited Resistance Rigid Perfectly Plastic Hinge (LRPH) and it represents an innovative device devoted to join steel beam elements of frame structures. The device consists in a sequence of steel cross sections constituted by two parallel flanges with suitably different thickness connected by as many webs with constant and equal thickness. The fundamental innovation of the device is the possibility of designing special connections with elastic stiffness and limit strength independent of each other. Such a special characteristic …

Materials scienceSteel connectionsOptimal shapeComputational MechanicsBuilding and ConstructionStructural optimizationEquivalent stiffnessInnovative deviceShear (geology)Mechanics of MaterialsArchitectureComposite materialLimited strengthSafety Risk Reliability and QualityCivil and Structural Engineering
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