Search results for "Ergonomics"

Sonic Interaction Design

2009

Sound is an integral part of every user experience but a neglected medium in design disciplines. Design of an artifact's sonic qualities is often limited to the shaping of functional, representational, and signaling roles of sound. The interdisciplinary field of sonic interaction design (SID) challenges these prevalent approaches by considering sound as an active medium that can enable novel sensory and social experiences through interactive technologies. This book offers an overview of the emerging SID research, discussing theories, methods, and practices, with a focus on the multisensory aspects of sonic experience. Sonic Interaction Design gathers contributions from scholars, artists, an…

Identification of differential risk hotspots for collision and vehicle type in a directed linear network

2019

Traffic accidents can take place in very different ways and involve a substantially distinct number and types of vehicles. Thus, it is of interest to know which parts of a road structure present an overrepresentation of a specific type of traffic accident, specially for some typologies of collisions and vehicles that tend to trigger more severe consequences for the users being involved. In this study, a spatial approach is followed to estimate the risk that different types of collisions and vehicles present in the central area of Valencia (Spain), considering the accidents observed in this city during the period 2014-2017. A directed spatial linear network representing the non-pedestrian ro…

Design and evaluation of prosody-based non-speech audio feedback for physical training application

2011

Abstract Methodological support for the design of non-speech user interface sounds for human–computer interaction is still fairly scarce. To meet this challenge, this paper presents a sound design case which, as a practical design solution for a wrist-computer physical training application, outlines a prosody-based method for designing non-speech user interface sounds. The principles used in the design are based on nonverbal communicative functions of prosody in speech acts, exemplifying an interpersonal approach to sonic interaction design. The stages of the design process are justified with a theoretical analysis and three empirical sub-studies, which comprise production and recognition t…

The Ups and Downs of Camera-Monitor Systems: The Effect of Camera Position on Rearward Distance Perception

2020

Objective This study investigates the effects of different positions of side-mounted rear-view cameras on distance estimation of drivers. Background Camera-monitor systems bring advantages as compared to conventional rear-view mirrors, such as improved aerodynamics and enlarged field-of-view. Applied research has mainly focused on the comparison between cameras and mirrors or on positioning of in-vehicle monitors. However, the positioning of the exterior camera awaits investigation given that the perspective of the observer at does affect depth perception at large. Method In two experiments, a total of 50 students estimated metric distances to static vehicles presented in realistic or 3D-re…

2019

The objective of the present research was to investigate associations of dispositional and momentary self-control and the presence of other individuals consuming SSBs with the consumption frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in a multi-country pilot study. We conducted an Ambulatory Assessment in which 75 university students (52 females) from four study sites carried smartphones and received prompts six times a day in their everyday environments to capture information regarding momentary self-control and the presence of other individuals consuming SSBs. Multilevel models revealed a statistically significant negative association between dispositional self-control and SSB consumption…

Relationships between restrictive mother-child interactions and anxiety of the child

1991

Abstract The “two-process model” postulates that there are specific associations between patterns of parental child-rearing styles and the development of the child's anxiety and coping dispositions. Besides parameters of parental feedback to the child, this model considers support and restriction to be the central dimensions of child-rearing behavior. The present study aims at assessing behavioral indicators for restriction. For this purpose, the working and intervention behavior of 47 mothers and their ten- to 13-year-old children was observed and registered during a 15-minute period of common problem-solving (putting together a difficult puzzle-like cube). In order to register processes o…

Emotional user experience: Traits, events, and states☆

2015

Emotional experience has become an important topic in human-technology interaction research and design. Nevertheless, such research and design often lacks a proper explanatory basis and methodologically robust operationalisation. In this article, a conceptualisation of emotional user experience is formulated based on the appraisal theory of emotion, where the goal congruence of the interaction events and the task-independent individual traits are thought to underlie the user's emotional response. A laboratory study with N=50 participants conducting ordinary computer tasks is reported. The results suggest that subjective emotional experience depends on a number of factors relating to individ…

PTSD symptoms in children and adolescents 28 months after a flood: age and gender differences.

2007

The present study examined the prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSD) in a sample of 533 students (aged 11 to 21), 28 months after the 1997 Flood in southwestern Poland. The results show that 18% of the participants met all diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Based on hierarchical multiple regression analyses, PTSD criteria symptoms were positively correlated with the degree of exposure to trauma experienced during the disaster. A three-way interaction of trauma, age, and gender showed that more PTSD symptoms were observed among the younger participants and girls than among the older boys. The results confirm the need of research testing culturally sensitive im…

Intensity of Aggression in Childhood as a Predictor of Different Forms of Adult Aggression: A Two-Country (Finland and United States) Analysis

2009

This study examined the prediction of different forms of adult aggression in 2 countries from child and adolescent aggression. It was based on 2 longitudinal projects: the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS; N=196 boys and 173 girls) conducted in Finland and the Columbia County Longitudinal Study (CCLS; N=436 boys and 420 girls) conducted in the United States. The same peer‐nominated items for aggression were used in both studies at age 8; comparable measures of aggression were also available in adolescence (age 14 in the JYLS/19 in the CCLS) and adulthood (ages 36/30 and 42/48). Results showed that in both countries and in both genders, aggression in s…

Trends in Medically Attended Injuries in Czech Adolescents.

2017

Objective: Due to the importance of surveillance of injuries and accidents in the Czech Republic, the purpose. of this study was to report the temporal trends of injuries of Czech adolescents between 2002 and 2014. Methods: Adolescents (N = 20,038) from the Czech Republic, that took part in the 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 HBSC study, reported the frequency of medically attended injuries in the past 12 months. Repeated binary logistic regressions with different years as reference categories were performed. Results: Less than half (44.7%) of all Czech adolescents reported they had experienced at least one medically attended injuries in the past 12 months, with boys experiencing more injuries th…