Search results for "Essential Hypertension"
showing 10 items of 162 documents
Epicardial Adipose Tissue Accumulation and Essential Hypertension in Non-Obese Adults
2019
Background and Objectives: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is shown to be an important factor in the development of coronary artery disease, but numerous pathophysiological mechanisms of its action are still only partially understood. There is a lack of studies on its association with different grades of essential hypertension (EH). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between size of EAT depots and the risk of EH taking into account its grade. Materials and Methods: Non-obese adult patients with various cardiovascular diseases were investigated: 157 of them had essential hypertension and 101 did not. Hypertensive patients were assigned to three groups according to the grade of h…
Angiotensin II AT1 receptor gene polymorphism and microalbuminuria in essential hypertension.
2001
The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of polymorphisms of the angiotensin II AT1 receptor gene with microalbuminuria in a group of young adults with essential hypertension. Essential hypertensives, less than 50 years old, never previously treated with antihypertensive drugs, and in absence of diabetes mellitus were included. Office blood pressure (BP), 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring, urinary albumin excretion (UAE) measurements, and DNA analysis were performed. Polymorphisms of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor gene (A1166C and C573T) were studied by polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformation polymorphism techniques. One hundred eighty-three patients, 49 (27…
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AND BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
1978
Abstract In normotensive subjects an inverse correlation was observed between an index of sympathetic nervous activity (the plasma-noradrenaline concentration during physical exercise) and reactivity to exogenous noradrenaline. This relationship was invariably disturbed in age-matched patients with essential hypertension. Multiple-regression analysis revealed a highly significant correlation between the combination of both factors and the height of mean arterial blood-pressure ( r =0·91). The findings suggest that sympathetic nervous activity and pressor response to noradrenaline together form an important determinant of the arterial blood-pressure level. An inverse relationship could be de…
Evaluation of regional haemodynamics and alterations of vascular wall of the lower limbs in hypertensive subjects
1995
This study was designed to analyse the relationship between arterial hypertension and changes in arterial blood flow and vascular wall damage of the lower limbs in hypertensive patients with various degrees of hypertension. Six hundred and fifty-four hypertensive patients (421 males and 233 females) aged 35 to 70 years and 88 healthy subjects (63 males and 25 females) aged 39 to 60 years were studied. Strain-gauge plethysmography of the lower limbs was used to calculate arterial calf blood flow (RF), arterial calf blood flow after post-ischaemic hyperaemia (PF), basal and minimal vascular resistances (BVR and MVR), time to reach peak flow (tPF), time until 50% reduction of peak flow (tT1/2)…
Relationship between albumin excretion rate and aortic stiffness in untreated essential hypertensive patients
2004
. Objectives. To evaluate, in a group of nondiabetic essential hypertensive patients with normal renal function, the relationship between albumin excretion rate (AER) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), as an index of aortic stiffness. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Outpatient hypertension clinic. Subjects. Seventy patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension, aged 42 ± 8 years, never pharmacologically treated. All subjects underwent routine laboratory tests, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, measurement of carotid-femoral PWV, by means of a computerized method, and AER. Results. Microalbuminuric patients (AER ≥ 20 μg min−1; n = 19), when comp…
Endothelium-derived factors in microalbuminuric and nonmicroalbuminuric essential hypertensives
2000
Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between growth factors and cardiovascular diseases. This study was aimed at evaluating levels of some endothelium-derived growth factors, and their relationship with microalbuminuria (MAU), in essential hypertension. Ninety-nine mild-moderate essential hypertensives (EH) and 25 healthy controls were studied. All patients underwent 24-h blood pressure monitoring, serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and 24-h MAU assays. Later, EH were divided into two subsets consisting of microalbuminurics (MAU >11 microg/min) and nonmicroalbuminurics (MAU <11 microg/min). In microalbumin…
Urinary tetrahydroaldosterone as a screening method for primary aldosteronism: a comparative study
2003
Abstract Background The major aldosterone metabolite 3α,5β tetrahydroaldosterone reflects up to 45% of the aldosterone secretion. Its 24-h urinary excretion is likely to provide an accurate index of the daily aldosterone production and to be an indicator for primary aldosteronism (PA). Methods In a prospective study, the validity of tetrahydroaldosterone as a screening test for PA was evaluated in comparison to serum potassium, plasma aldosterone, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone/renin activity ratio (PARR), as well as 24-h urinary aldosterone-18-glucuronide and free aldosterone. A total of 111 normotensive individuals, 412 PA patients and 1453 essential hypertensive patients, were…
Relationship of Metabolic Syndrome With Pulse Pressure in Patients With Essential Hypertension
2006
BACKGROUND: Pulse pressure is largely dependent on arterial stiffness. Recent studies have documented reduced large artery compliance in nondiabetic subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of our study was to analyze, in a group of patients with essential hypertension and without diabetes mellitus, the influence of MS on clinic and 24-h pulse pressures. METHODS: A total of 528 hypertensive subjects, aged 18 to 72 years, who were free of cardiovascular and renal diseases were enrolled. Of the subjects, 41% had MS. In all subjects routine blood chemistry, echocardiographic examination, and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were performed. RESULTS: When compared with subjects wi…
Prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in refractory hypertension: a prospective study.
1998
Abstract —The objective of this study was to establish whether ambulatory blood pressure offers a better estimate of cardiovascular risk than does its clinical blood pressure counterpart in refractory hypertension. This prospective study assessed the incidence of cardiovascular events over time during an average follow-up of 49 months (range, 6 to 96). Patients were referred to specialized hypertension clinics (86 essential hypertension patients who had diastolic blood pressure >100 mm Hg during antihypertensive treatment that included three or more antihypertensive drugs, one being a diuretic). Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed at the time of en…
Relationships between metabolic syndrome and left ventricular mass in hypertensive patients. Does sex matter ?
2008
Several studies documented an association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. However, only in a few of these studies the impact of MetS on left ventricular mass (LVM) was separately analysed by gender, with conflicting results. The aim of our study was to verify, in a wide sample of essential hypertensive patients, the influence of gender, if any, on the relationship between MetS and LVM. We enrolled 475 non-diabetic subjects (mean age: 46 +/- 11 years), with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension, of whom 40% had MetS, defined on the basis of Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) criteria. All the patients underwent a 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monit…