Search results for "Ethology"
showing 10 items of 162 documents
Expression of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in the hypertrophic heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats
2001
Thyroid hormones (THs) enhance MHC alpha gene- and repress MHC beta gene-transcription in the heart, by interacting with specific nuclear receptors (TRs), that bind to regulatory sequences localized upstream of basal promoter of myosin heavy chain (MHC) genes. The overall effects of THs include an increase in V1- and a decrease in V3-myosin isozyme concentration in the heart. Myosin V1 contains two MHC alpha chains and has a higher ATPase activity than V3 isoform, which contains two beta chains. Previous studies on papillary muscles of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) showed that heart hypertrophy is accompanied by a shift from alpha to beta MHC accumulation. The present study was aim…
The invariant chains of mouse class II antigens: biochemical properties and molecular relationship
1984
The proteins p40 (Mr = 40 000), p32 (Mr = 32 000), p28 (Mr = 28 000), p20 (Mr = 20 000) and p10 (Mr = 10 000) are described which occur in noncovalent association with the polymorphic alpha, beta heterodimer of class II antigens. They were investigated with respect to their molecular characteristics and their mutual structural relationship. p32, the predominant species of this group corresponds to the invariant chain gamma (Ii). In contrast to the polymorphic subunits alpha and beta, proteins p40, p28, p20 and p10 migrated like gamma in electrophoretically constant positions, when class II molecules of different subregions and different alleles were assessed by two-dimensional gel electroph…
Peripheral, central and behavioral responses to the cuticular pheromone bouquet in Drosophila melanogaster males.
2011
International audience; Pheromonal communication is crucial with regard to mate choice in many animals including insects. Drosophila melanogaster flies produce a pheromonal bouquet with many cuticular hydrocarbons some of which diverge between the sexes and differently affect male courtship behavior. Cuticular pheromones have a relatively high weight and are thought to be -- mostly but not only -- detected by gustatory contact. However, the response of the peripheral and central gustatory systems to these substances remains poorly explored. We measured the effect induced by pheromonal cuticular mixtures on (i) the electrophysiological response of peripheral gustatory receptor neurons, (ii) …
Progression of emphysema evaluated by MRI using hyperpolarized 3he (hp 3he) measurements in patients with alpha-1-antitrypsin (a1at) deficiency compa…
2009
Background: The progression of emphysema is traditionally measured by pulmonary function test, with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) being the most accepted and used measurement. However, FEV1 is insensitive in detecting mild/slow progression of emphysema because of low reproducibility as compared to yearly decline. Purpose: To investigate the progression of emphysema over a period of 2 years using diffusion-weighted hyperpolarized (HP) 3He magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency. Material and Methods: Nine patients with severe A1AT deficiency were studied over a period of 2 years (baseline, year 1, and year 2) with HP 3He MRI using app…
Coagulation factors and proteinase inhibitors in the plasma of children with acute lymphoblastic leukoses. Behaviour before and during treatment acco…
1984
The thrombocyte count, the factor XIII (F XIII) activity, the concentration of fibrinogen (F I), prothrombin (F II), fibronectin (CIG), albumin and the proteinase inhibitors antithrombin III (AT III), alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M), alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1A) and Cl-esterase inactivator (Cl-INA) were determined in ten children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Changes due to the disease and to therapy were observed. Before the start of treatment the patients had thrombocytopenia secondary to the disease, and the proteinase inhibitors--especially Cl-INA and A1A--were raised. During the induction phase the thrombocyte count rose but there was also a marked increase in the concentration of…
Increase by ?-adrenolytic drugs of acetylcholine release evoked by field stimulation of the guinea-pig ileum
1979
The release of acetylcholine evoked by field stimulation of the guinea-pig ileum (3 Hz) is increased by yohimbine and tolazoline but not affected by phentolamine. It is proposed that yohimbine and tolazoline by blocking alpha-adrenoceptors of the cholinergic nerves abolish the inhibition caused by endogenous noradrenaline, and thus facilitate the output of acetylcholine.
Effects of cerivastatin on adrenergic pathways, hypertrophic growth and TGFbeta expression in adult ventricular cardiomyocytes.
2010
Abstract The effects of statin treatment in the setting of heart failure have already been shown. Nevertheless, there is little knowledge about its influence on adrenergic pathways in cardiomyocytes. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of cerivastatin on adrenoceptor-mediated signalling pathways in isolated adult ventricular cardiomyocytes. It focused on two endpoints: hypertrophic growth and TGFbeta expression. Cultured cardiomyocytes were used to study rac activation (analysed by its translocation into the membrane fraction), ROS formation (H 2 DCF fluorescence) and hypertrophic growth ( 14 C-phenylalanine incorporation). Alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor stimulation showed significa…
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) knockout mice. Implications for lymphopoiesis and organ-specific immunity.
1998
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is produced by both immune and non-immune cells including stromal cell lines, B-cells, monocytes/macrophages, follicular dendritic cells, keratinocytes, and gut epithelial cells. The development of IL-7 knockout mice aided to elucidate the role of this multifaceted cytokine in lymphopoiesis. Additionally, IL-7 gene-deleted mice may represent an excellent model in order to define the functional role of locally secreted IL-7 in organ-specific immunity and in anti-microbial responses as well. For instance, analysis of IL-7 gene-deleted mice revealed reduced numbers of total T-lymphocytes with preservation of the CD4/CD8 ratio and increased ratio of alpha beta + T-cells com…
Tumornekrosefaktor und Interferon als prognostische Marker der HIV-Infektion
1991
Peripheral blood cells were obtained from patients at different stages of their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It was found that the capacity to generate interferon alpha was reduced already at Walter Reed stage 2 (WR) while the interferon gamma capacity remained largely unaffected until WR stage 4. Endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha production increased as the HIV disease progressed. The data obtained add to our knowledge on destruction of the immune system by the HIV. Moreover TNF and acid labile interferon alpha might contribute to HIV replication and disease progression. Nevertheless the tests performed are too time-consuming to be introduced into routine analys…
Effects of glycosylation on fragments of tumour associated human epithelial mucin MUC1.
1998
The glycodecapeptide AcPAPGS(alpha GalNAc)T(alpha GalNAc)APPA and the C-terminal glycohexapeptide AcS(alpha GalNAc)T(alpha GalNAc)APPA have been synthesized by applying the N-terminal Fmoc group in combination with the heptyl ester cleavable by lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis at pH 7. The solution conformation of these MUC1-related synthetic glycopeptides and the control, non-glycosylated decapeptide AcPAPGSTAPPA have been investigated using NMR spectroscopy. The structural studies indicate that the glycohexapeptide has a folded structure in solution. For this molecule, unrestrained molecular dynamics has been used to confirm the presence of the observed solution through-space connections. The …