Search results for "Evidence"
showing 10 items of 1050 documents
Foundations and Foundation Myths of the Troubadours
2019
A review of several origin myths relating to the creation of medieval Occitan lyric poetry. We see a preference for a “great man theory” of origins, though the “great man” may be a fictional woman. Medieval and early Renaissance Occitan authors, including Uc de Saint Circ, Guilhem Molinier, and Jean de Nostredame, used differing origin myths to validate literature in a language that was perceived not to carry the prestige of twelfth- and thirteenth-century Latin or fifteen- and sixteenth-century French.
Enhancing Skills in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder through Technology-Mediated Interventions
2017
Marco teórico Las personas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) presentan dificultades en el desarrollo de habilidades de comunicación e interacción social (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) que son fundamentales para los procesos de aprendizaje y aparición del lenguaje verbal. Una de estas habilidades es la atención conjunta (AC), que consiste en la habilidad de una persona para captar la atención de otra hacia un objeto o evento mediante el seguimiento de la mirada, señalar u otro tipo de indicación verbal o no verbal (Mundy, 2016). Por otro lado, el número de estudios sobre intervenciones mediadas por el uso de nuevas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) se ha …
European evidence-based recommendations for clinical assessment of upper limb in neurorehabilitation (CAULIN): data synthesis from systematic reviews…
2021
Abstract Background Technology-supported rehabilitation can help alleviate the increasing need for cost-effective rehabilitation of neurological conditions, but use in clinical practice remains limited. Agreement on a core set of reliable, valid and accessible outcome measures to assess rehabilitation outcomes is needed to generate strong evidence about effectiveness of rehabilitation approaches, including technologies. This paper collates and synthesizes a core set from multiple sources; combining existing evidence, clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus into European recommendations for Clinical Assessment of Upper Limb In Neurorehabilitation (CAULIN). Methods Data from systema…
From evidence-based to sustainable healthcare: Cochrane revisited
2022
Evidence-based healthcare is the prevailing model for healthcare services. In Cochrane's seminal thinking, political context was included with the purpose of promoting healthcare equity. However, the subsequent evidence-based healthcare models marginalized political context. In this paper, we argue that current models of evidence-based healthcare fail to respond to emerging healthcare challenges. We claim that reintegration of political context is crucial to make healthcare sustainable. Global communities are anticipating ecological crises with immense repercussions for healthcare. This prospect illustrates that healthcare models failing to integrate political context also risk neglecting s…
Automatic defect localization in VLSI circuits: A fusion approach based on the Dempster-Shafer theory
2017
Defect localization in Very Large Integration Cir-cuits (VLSI) requires to use multi-sensor information such aselectrical waveforms, emission microscopy images and frequencymapping in order to detect, localize and identify the failure. Eachsensor provides a specific kind of feature modeling the evidence.Thus, the defect localization in VLSI can be summarized asa problem of data fusion with heterogeneous and impreciseinformation. This study illustrates how to reproduce the humandecision for modeling and fusing the different multi-sensorfeatures by using the Demspter-Shafer theory. We propose notonly an automatic decision rule for mass functions computingbut also confidence intervals to quantif…
Development of trust in the CEO-chair relationship
2017
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the trust development in the dyadic relationship of CEO and chair of the board. Design/methodology/approach A narrative approach is adopted to examine the meanings that CEOs and chairpersons give to trust in their relationship, and to explore trust as an evolving phenomenon that can increase or decline over the course of the relationship. The data include 16 CEO-chair dyads from Finnish limited companies. Findings The results suggest that trust may exist on different levels and evolve in various ways during the course of the relationship. Integrity and agreement on company strategy are proposed to form the foundation for trust in the CEO-chai…
Lead Poisoning in France around 1840: Managing Proofs and Uncertainties in Laboratories, Courtrooms, and Workplaces.
2021
This article reviews one of the most famous cases of lead poisoning in France, the Ponchon affair, which occurred in 1843 during a crucial period for French toxicology. The trial attracted public attention and inflamed controversy among medical and legal experts. The debate involved toxicological methods and their reliability, and gave rise to more general questions about the value of expert evidence, the way it was presented in court, and its relationship to other forms of legal evidence. I begin with a general overview of lead poisoning and toxicological research on lead compounds around 1840. I then discuss different toxicological proofs employed for detecting or preventing lead poisonin…
Self-Efficacy, Satisfaction, and Academic Achievement: The Mediator Role of Students Expectancy-Value Beliefs
2017
Although there is considerable evidence to support the direct effects of self-efficacy beliefs on academic achievement, very few studies have explored the motivational mechanism that mediates the self-efficacy–achievement relationship, and they are necessary to understand how and why self-efficacy affects students’ academic achievement. Based on a socio-cognitive perspective of motivation, this study examines the relationships among academic self-efficacy, students’ expectancy-value beliefs, teaching process satisfaction, and academic achievement. Its main aim is to identify some motivational-underlying processes through which students’ academic self-efficacy affects student achievement and…
Explaining Extreme Mobile Experiences
2013
Extreme service or product experiences have a major influence on perceptions and behavior. Therefore, numerous studies have collected such single positive and negative experiences to understand which factors affect (dis)satisfaction, value, and quality. However, most of these studies lack the process approach needed for understanding why and how these experiences take place and proceed, whereas the context of mobile applications has also remained highly unexplored. This study aims to fill the gap by presenting the mobile experience process model with empirical evidence of extreme experiences from 606 actual mobile application users. With the help of the model and the detailed descriptions o…
Vasopressor-Sparing Strategies in Patients with Shock: A Scoping-Review and an Evidence-Based Strategy Proposition
2021
Despite the abundant literature on vasopressor therapy, few studies have focused on vasopressor-sparing strategies in patients with shock. We performed a scoping-review of the published studies evaluating vasopressor-sparing strategies by analyzing the results from randomized controlled trials conducted in patients with shock, with a focus on vasopressor doses and/or duration reduction. We analyzed 143 studies, mainly performed in septic shock. Our analysis demonstrated that several pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies are associated with a decrease in the duration of vasopressor therapy. These strategies are as follows: implementing a weaning strategy, vasopressin use, system…