Search results for "Extracellular"

Stick around: Cell–Cell Adhesion Molecules during Neocortical Development

2021

The neocortex is an exquisitely organized structure achieved through complex cellular processes from the generation of neural cells to their integration into cortical circuits after complex migration processes. During this long journey, neural cells need to establish and release adhesive interactions through cell surface receptors known as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Several types of CAMs have been described regulating different aspects of neurodevelopment. Whereas some of them mediate interactions with the extracellular matrix, others allow contact with additional cells. In this review, we will focus on the role of two important families of cell–cell adhesion molecules (C-CAMs), classi…

NEURONS AND ASTROCYTES SHED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES THAT SEEM TO VEHICLE ANGIOGENIC FACTORS

2007

Adipose Stromal/Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Next-Generation Anti-Obesity Agents

2022

Over the last decade, several compounds have been identified for the treatment of obesity. However, due to the complexity of the disease, many pharmacological interventions have raised concerns about their efficacy and safety. Therefore, it is important to discover new factors involved in the induction/progression of obesity. Adipose stromal/stem cells (ASCs), which are mostly isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue, are the primary cells contributing to the expansion of fat mass. Like other cells, ASCs release nanoparticles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are being actively studied for their potential applications in a variety of diseases. Here, we focused on the importance …

Endoderm development requires centrioles to restrain p53-mediated apoptosis in the absence of ERK activity

2021

Centrioles comprise the heart of centrosomes, microtubule-organizing centers. To study the function of centrioles in lung and gut development, we genetically disrupted centrioles throughout the mouse endoderm. Surprisingly, removing centrioles from the endoderm did not disrupt intestinal growth or development but blocked lung branching. In the lung, acentriolar SOX2-expressing airway epithelial cells apoptosed. Loss of centrioles activated p53, and removing p53 restored survival of SOX2-expressing cells, lung branching, and mouse viability. To investigate how endodermal p53 activation specifically killed acentriolar SOX2-expressing cells, we assessed ERK, a prosurvival cue. ERK was active t…

Innovative and Applied Research in Biology: Proceedings, Vol. 2

2020

The collection contains SCIENTIFIC articles on the topics of the LU 78 conference reports. The main focus is on innovative and applied research in biology and interdisciplinary fields.

Exploration of extracellular vesicles from

2018

ABSTRACT The prevalent porcine helminth, Ascaris suum, compromises pig health and reduces farm productivity worldwide. The closely related human parasite, A. lumbricoides, infects more than 800 million people representing a disease burden of 1.31 million disability-adjusted life years. The infections are often chronic in nature, and the parasites have a profound ability to modulate their hosts’ immune responses. This study provides the first in-depth characterisation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different developmental stages and body parts of A. suum and proposes the role of these vesicles in the host–parasite interplay. The release of EVs from the third- (L3) and fourth-stage (L4)…

Study on the effects of the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome on the innate inflammatory response

2018

Se ha demostrado que las células madre mesenquimales derivadas de tejido adiposo (MSC) ejercen efectos beneficiosos sobre algunas afecciones inflamatorias, que se han relacionado principalmente con la secreción de factores paracrinos. Por lo tanto, se han investigado las MSC como posibles herramientas terapéuticas para el tratamiento de enfermedades inflamatorias y autoinmunes. El secretoma de las MSC contiene factores solubles y componentes vesiculares conocidos como vesículas extracelulares (EV) que juegan un papel importante en diferentes procesos fisiológicos. En este trabajo, hemos investigado el potencial del medio acondicionado (CM) de ratón de las MSC para modular la respuesta infla…

Brain cells shed angiogenic and/or pro-apoptotic factors by extracellular vesicles

2008

Hopes and Limits of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in Wound Healing

2020

Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells identified within subcutaneous tissue at the base of the hair follicle (dermal papilla cells), in the dermal sheets (dermal sheet cells), in interfollicular dermis, and in the hypodermis tissue. These cells are expected to play a major role in regulating skin regeneration and aging-associated morphologic disgraces and structural deficits. ADSCs are known to proliferate and differentiate into skin cells to repair damaged or dead cells, but also act by an autocrine and paracrine pathway to activate cell regeneration and the healing process. During wound healing, ADSCs have a great ability in migration to be recruited rapidly…

Analysis of Exosomal Cargo Provides Accurate Clinical, Histologic and Mutational Information in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2022

Simple Summary Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Clinical decision-making depends on the histological classification; however, tissue biopsy is frequently not technically feasible due to tumor location or limited tissue samples. Therefore, we propose to find clinical, molecular and histological biomarkers using a minimally invasive approach based on the analysis of the cargo of the blood extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are membranous vesicles present in several biological fluids, which carry biological information to distant tissues, regulating several tumor processes. This study aims to …