Search results for "FATE"

Viral Entry and Receptors

2007

Sulphate-Reducing Laboratory-Scale High-Rate Anaerobic Reactors for Treatment of Metal- and Sulphate-Containing Mine Wastewater

2002

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were used in this study to evaluate the feasibility of the sulphate-reducing, anaerobic high-rate process to treat metal- and sulphate-containing mining wastewater (MWW). Four simultaneous reactors, inoculated with different inocula (mesophilic granular sludge from two UASB reactors, one treating sugar refinery wastewater and the other board mill wastewater) and operated with different loadings, were for 95 days fed with synthetic feed consisting of glucose and sulphate. In all reactors, 23-72% of sulphate and 12-93% of COD were removed. Subsequently, two reactors were fed with diluted MWW (zinc as the main metal) for 77 days with hydraulic re…

Peak capacity estimation in isocratic elution.

2008

Peak capacity (i.e. maximal number of resolved peaks that fit in a chromatographic window) is a theoretical concept with growing interest, but based on a situation rarely met in practice. Real chromatograms tend to have uneven distributions, with overlapped peaks and large gaps. The number of resolved compounds should, therefore, be known from estimations. Several equations have been reported for this purpose based on three perspectives, namely, the intuitive approach (peak capacity as the size of the retention time window measured in peak width units), which assumes peaks with the same width, and the outlines of Giddings and Grushka, which consider changes in peak width with retention time…

Ancient wood of the Acqualadrone rostrum: Materials history through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and sulfur X-ray absorption spectroscopy

2012

In 2008 the rostrum from an ancient warship was recovered from the Mediterranean near Acqualadrone, Sicily. To establish its provenance and condition, samples of black and brown rostrum wood were examined using sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). GC/MS of pyrolytic volatiles yielded only guaiacyl derivatives, indicating construction from pinewood. A derivatized extract of black wood yielded forms of abietic acid and sandaracopimaric acid consistent with pine pitch waterproofing. Numerical fits to the sulfur K-edge XAS spectra showed that about 65% of the endogenous sulfur consisted of thiols and disulfides. Elemental sulfur was…

RNA dependent DNA polymerase in cells of xeroderma pigmentosum

1971

Abstract Cells from X.P. ∗ skin contain an RNA dependent DNA polymerase, while in cells from normal skin this enzyme is lacking. This finding stimulates the thought that carcinogenesis in X.P. cells is due to an infection with an oncogenic RNA virus.

Cutting Edge: An IL-17F-CreEYFP Reporter Mouse Allows Fate Mapping of Th17 Cells

2009

Abstract The need for reporter lines able to faithfully track Th17 cells in vivo has become an issue of exceptional importance. To address this, we generated a mouse strain in which Cre recombinase is expressed from the IL-17F promoter. Crossing the IL-17F-Cre allele to a conditional enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) reporter mouse yielded the IL-17F-CreEYFP strain, in which IL-17F expression is twinned with EYFP in live IL-17F-expressing cells. Although we demonstrate that IL-17F expression is restricted to CD4+ T cells during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, IL-17F-CreEYFP CD8 T cells robustly expressed IL-17F in response to TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-23. Fate mapping of IL-17…

Modelling biogeochemical processes in sediments from the north-western Adriatic Sea: response to enhanced particulate organic carbon fluxes

2018

This work presents the result of a study carried out in the north-western Adriatic Sea, by combining two different types of biogeochemical models with field sampling efforts. A longline mussel farm was taken as a local source of perturbation to the natural particulate organic carbon (POC) downward flux. This flux was first quantified by means of a pelagic model of POC deposition coupled to sediment trap data, and its effects on sediment bioirrigation capacity and organic matter (OM) degradation pathways were investigated constraining an early diagenesis model by using original data collected in sediment porewater. The measurements were performed at stations located inside and outside the ar…

Interaction of CaSO4 with water vapour at high relative humidity

2010

16 pages. Prepublication en attente d'un complément expérimental; Soluble anhydrite β-CaSO4 reacts with water vapour at room temperature to form CaSO4-0.5H2O at 20-30% RH and CaSO4-0.6H2O at 70-80% RH. At higher RH, additional water uptake can only add-up to an adsorbed water layer. The present work provides evidence that a small amount of the adsorbent dissolves in the adsorbed layer and gypsum starts precipitating at 97-98 %RH even though condensation of the vapour phase does not take place. After several days the adsorbent is almost entirely and irreversibly converted. The kinetics of weight gain clearly discriminates between adsorption and dissolution-precipitation. If a minute amount o…

Knowledge-based strategy to trigger grapevine immunity

2012

Transcriptional response of Medicago truncatula sulphate transporters to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with and without sulphur stress

2013

Sulphur is an essential macronutrient for plant growth, development and response to various abiotic and biotic stresses due to its key role in the biosynthesis of many S-containing compounds. Sulphate represents a very small portion of soil S pull and it is the only form that plant roots can uptake and mobilize through H(+)-dependent co-transport processes implying sulphate transporters. Unlike the other organically bound forms of S, sulphate is normally leached from soils due to its solubility in water, thus reducing its availability to plants. Although our knowledge of plant sulphate transporters has been growing significantly in the past decades, little is still known about the effect of…