Search results for "FINLAND"

Marriage Guidance, Women and the Problem(s) of Returning Soldiers in Finland, 1944-1946

2017

When former military chaplains began to give marital guidance to troubled couples after the end of hostilities with the Soviet Union (1941–1944) in Finland, new information about the causes and experiences of marital problems and divorces emerged during guidance sessions. Even lengthy marriages were seen to be burdened due to the stress of reunion and men’s wartime infidelity, increased inclination to drinking and aggressive behaviour. The article discusses the meaning and construction of marital expectations with respect to the development of post-war marital dissolution, and argues that wives in particular tried to adjust their marital expectations in accordance with the general developme…

‘Then we were ready to be radicals!’ : school student activism in Finnish upper secondary schools in 1960–1967

2021

In the Western countries, Scandinavia and Finland included, the legacy of the student movement of the 1960s has been extensive and established a fixed narrative of a radical movement. This article challenges the elitists and university-centred grand narrative and argues that the student movement was more multifaceted and mobilized young people of various ages and backgrounds. This is done by addressing the international student movement from the perspective of school-aged students in Finnish upper secondary schools, focusing on student activism carried out in school-sanctioned student associations. Above all, this article aims to distinguish the relatively unknown history of the Scandinavia…

Fuel for commercial politics: the nucleus of early commercial proliferation of atomic energy in three acts

2020

Historical research into the nuclear industry has focussed upon military and commercial aspects of the technology whilst ignoring fuel. This article discusses nuclear fuel, the resource at the centre of the industry and the role superpower politics played in its supply. Starting with the context of superpower competition, we examine the spread of nuclear technology from its beginnings in post-war Britain via West Germany in the 1950s to Finland in the 1960s and 1970s. We demonstrate that each country had varied interests affecting the choice of nuclear fuel for early energy projects; British fuel choices were constrained by its weapons programme and Germany needed legitimacy in the face of …

A test of the relationship between argumentativeness, individualism/collectivism, and conflict style preference in the United States and Finland

2016

This study explored relationships between argumentativeness and collectivism/individualism in Finland and the United States. Data were gathered in the United States (n = 412) and Finland (n = 261). The analysis suggested: (a) collectivism was negatively correlated with argumentativeness, (b) individualism was positively correlated with argumentativeness, and (c) Finnish participants reported lower levels of argumentativeness than Americans. Cultural differences between the United States and Finland are discussed as reasons for the differences between the nations on argumentativeness. peerReviewed

Syria from afar : how journalists in Finland and Germany cover the first YouTube war

2015

Miten uutisoida kaukaista sotaa, johon on vaikea ellei mahdoton päästä paikan päälle? Miten kertoa sodasta, jonka pääasialliset tietolähteet ovat sodan eri osapuolten media-aktivistit, hallitusta tukevat viestimet ja islamistitaistelijat, jotka kaikki rummuttavat omaa versiotaan tapahtumista? Ja ennen kaikkea: miten niiden esittämät väitteet, jotka usein vielä tulevat sosiaalisen median välityksellä, voi tarkistaa? Nämä ovat kysymyksiä, jotka ovat tämän tutkielman ytimessä ja myös sen lähtökohta. Syyrian sota on ulkomaantoimittajille valtava haaste. Olin itse 13 vuotta ulkomaantoimittajana Helsingin Sanomissa, ja painin usein sen kanssa, miten voin kertoa Syyrian tapahtumista mahdollisimman…

Reflections on the Schoolscape : Teachers on Linguistic Diversity in Hungary and Finland

2018

is article1 focuses on ideologies that pertain to linguistic diversity and multilingualism from a linguistic landscape approach to education. It is to be emphasised that ideologies pertaining to multilingualism and monolingualism have strong systematic resemblances. So-called monolingualist labeling, management, and control over linguistic varieties is something similar to multilingualism-related practices described in Nikula (et al. 2012). For example, dialects are o en evaluated positively, but dialect users are generally criticized because they deviate from the so-called standard (cf., Milroy 2001; Kontra 2006). In order to investigate a wide range of diversity-related ideologies, two co…

Reflections on the Schoolscape : Teachers on Linguistic Diversity in Hungary and Finland

2018

Long-Term Consequences of Water Pumping on the Ecosystem Functioning of Lake Sekšu, Latvia

2020

Cultural eutrophication, the process by which pollution due to human activity speeds up natural eutrophication, is a widespread and consequential issue. Here, we present the 85-year history of a small, initially Lobelia&ndash

In Search of the Rurban Idyll? Developing the Residential Rural Areas in Finland

2013

This research focuses on perceptions of rurality in Finland. The chapter presents two different ways of delineating contemporary rural living: the approach of the Finnish Rural Policy Committee and the alternative approach arising from definitions given by the people living in rural Finland. The main aim is to study how the cultural meanings that rural residents attach to their home environments relate to the official vision of ‘Residential Rural Areas’ proposed by the Rural Policy Committee. This is done by comparing the experiential knowledge of rural residents to the official vision of future rurality. The research provides knowledge that can be used to evaluate the cultural sustainabili…

The reason for a project that was never performed: Alvar Aalto and the residential complex in Pavia (1966-68)

2015

This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of the project for the residential complex "Patrizia" in Pavia by Alvar Aalto (1966-1968). Although not realized, for political and economic reasons, the project offers an interesting example of urban planning in an “organic key”. In particular, this paper aims to contextualize the project of Aalto in the broader context of the residential building in Italy after World War II, when the problems of reconstruction and "home" are the heart of the debate on architecture. The project, in fact, takes place in the years immediately following the experiments of the social housing plan INA CASA (1949-63), which - with differences in design and architect…